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s in this country, generating a positive impact in the quality of life of CLN2 patients and on disease outcome.We report on a comparison between two optical detection techniques, one based on a Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) detection module, where a quartz tuning fork is acoustically coupled with a pair of millimeter-sized resonator tubes; and the other one based on a Photothermal Spectroscopy (PTS) module where a Fabry-Perot interferometer acts as transducer to probe refractive index variations. When resonant optical absorption of modulated light occurs in a gas sample, QEPAS directly detects acoustic waves while PTS probes refractive index variations caused by local heating. Compact QEPAS and PTS detection modules were realized and integrated in a gas sensor system for detection of carbon monoxide (CO), targeting the fundamental band at 4.6 μm by using a distributed-feedback quantum cascade laser. Performance was compared and ultimate detection limits up to ∼ 6 part-per-billion (ppb) and ∼15 ppb were reached for QEPAS and the PTS module, respectively, using 100 s integration time and 40 mW of laser power.Parasites and other symbionts deeply influence host organisms, and no living organism can be considered to have evolved independent of its symbionts. The first step towards understanding symbiotic influences upon host organisms is a strong supporting knowledge of parasite/symbiont diversity. Parasites of freshwater amphipods are diverse, with Microsporidia being a major group. These intracellular parasites impact gammarid fitness in different ways, ranging from reduced fitness to increased fecundity. Many Microsporidia have been recorded using molecular data, with multiple taxa pending formal taxonomic description. While some parasites are common, others are known only through sporadic records of single infections. In this study, we focus on rare/sporadic microsporidian infections within Gammarus balcanicus, a host species complex with a high level of endemism. In addition to enriching our knowledge on Microsporidia parasite diversity in amphipod hosts, we test whether these symbionts are specific to G. balcanicus or if they are the same taxa infecting other gammarid species. Of 2231 hosts from 87 sites, we catalogued 29 sequences of "rare" Microsporidia clustering into 19 haplogroups. These haplogroups cluster into 11 lineages four pre-described taxa (Cucumispora roeselum, C. ornata, C. dikerogammari and Enterocytospora artemiae) and seven 'Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units', which are known from previously published studies to infect other European amphipod species. Our study significantly widens the geographic range of these Microsporidia and expands the known spectrum of hosts infected. Our results suggest that these parasites are ancient infections of European gammarids. learn more For some host-parasite systems, we hypothesize that the common parasite ancestors that infected the hosts' common ancestors, diversified alongside host diversification. For others, we observe Microsporidia taxa with wide host ranges that do not follow host phylogeny.Horseshoe lung is a rare, congenital, pulmonary anomaly in which the caudal and basal segments of the left and right lungs are joined together. Most cases of horseshoe lung are associated with scimitar syndrome. Horseshoe lung can be diagnosed using pulmonary angiography, showing that the isthmus of the pulmonary parenchyma crosses the midline into the contralateral side. The isthmus parenchyma is typically supplied by the hypoplastic pulmonary artery. Clinical symptoms, therapeutic methods, and prognosis depend on the incidence of pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, recurrent pneumonia, and other combinations of congenital malformations. In this article, we describe two cases of horseshoe lung associated with scimitar syndrome and pulmonary malformation.Systemic protothecosis is an exceptionally rare cause of sepsis with few available therapeutic options. Here, we report on a female patient with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia who died after start of chemotherapy due to a severe septic shock caused by a disseminated systemic infection with Prototheca zopfii including encephalitis.The purpose of this article was to investigate the association of food environment variables with Body Mass Index (BMI), excess weight and obesity. This was a cross-sectional study determining the presence or absence of food establishments within a 100-m buffer zone from each sampled household. link= learn more Individuals aged 18 years and older living in the urban area of Rio Grande, RS State, Brazil, in 2016, were considered eligible. A total of 1,139 individuals, with an average age of 46.5 years (SD 17.1), residing in the household for more than one year, were selected as a representative sample of the population. link2 The mean BMI of study participants was 27.0 kg/m2 (SD 4.8), and the prevalence of excess weight and obesity was 61.6% (95%CI 58.9; 64.3) and 23.7% (95%CI 21.3; 26.1), respectively. Living near a convenience store was associated with a higher BMI and a higher likelihood of being above normal weight and obese. In contrast, living near a restaurant was associated with a lower BMI and a lower likelihood of being above normal weight and obese. In addition, participants who lived close to fruit shops had lower BMI and a lower likelihood of being above normal weight. Concluding few associations were found between food environment and the health-related outcomes. Proximity to food establishments does not seem to significantly affect BMI, excess weight and obesity in the studied population.This study was aimed to investigate the prophylactic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract derived from bulbs of Allium iranicum Wendelbo. (Alliaceae; AI) on mouse model of Staphylococcosis, and to decipher which phytochemicals of AI may involve in its anti-staphylococcal property. Male mice were allocated into four groups, i.e. normal control (NC) and three other groups received AI at 0.192, 0.384 and 0.768 mg/ml in drinking water for 9 days. Thereafter, mice were intravenously injected 106 colony forming unites (CFUs/ml) of Staphylococcus aureus suspension at 10th day and tissue homogenates were colony counted for S. aureus 9 days post-inoculation. Molecular docking among cardinal proteins involved in Staphylococcosis and phytochemicals of AI has been performed using PyRx software and the best ligand submitted to compute molecular and biological attributes. Induction of murine Staphylococcosis and inclusion of AI did not adversely alter bodyweights of mice while colony counts in selected tissues of mice infectrcinogenicity, Tetrahymena pyriformis, fish, rat, and honey bee toxicities, weak inhibition of human ether-a-go-go-related gene, and cytochromes inhibitory promiscuity. The TCP showed promising in human intestinal absorption, blood-brain barrier permeability, Caco-2 penetration, and solubility. The results of Toxtree software showed that TCP is not an endogenous molecule of the body and contains no functional groups associated with enhanced toxicity and considered as class I toxic compound close to terpenes. learn more link3 In conclusion, we found the hydro-alcoholic extract derived from of bulbs AI has a significant protective effect against Staphylococcosis in mouse model. In silico findings demonstrated that TCP has acceptable ADMET score to be considered as a bioactive compound for designing phytobiotics.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-021-00078-x.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-021-00078-x.Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the six most common cancer globally and most common cancer in men in India. link2 The metabolic regulation is highly altered and is considered as a hall mark of HNSCC. TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) plays very important role in the development and progression of HNSCC. The aim of our study is to identify a novel FDA approved anticancer inhibitor against mutated TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) through drug repurposing approach. A library of 105 FDA approved anticancer compounds were screened using molecular docking approach against TIGAR (PDB 3DCY) both Wild-Type (WT) and mutated (Mut). Specific mutations in TIGAR were identified using cBioPortal, a cancer genomics database and mutated structure was modelled using SWISS-MODEL. Out of 510 sequenced cases/patients samples, 17(3%) patients showed alteration in TIGAR [TIGARWT and TIGARMut (R88W)]. The virtual drug screening showed 45 drugs out of 105 high binding affinity with TIGAR, Trabectedin showed highest binding affinity with both TIGARWT (- 13.3 kcal/mol) as well as TIGARMut (R88W) (- 13.8 kcal/mol). The molecular docking studies were validated using molecular dynamics simulation (MD Simulation) of protein-ligand complex of TIGAR and Trabectedin for 100 ns. The MD Simulation of Trabectedin complex showed more stable with TIGARMut (R88W) compared to TIGARWT. Moreover, the string analysis revealed that metabolic-related genes, HK2, PFKFB1, PFKM, PFKP, PFKL, FBP1 are closely associated with TIGAR in HNSCC. Our findings suggest that Trabectedin can be proposed as an inhibitor for [TIGARMut (R88W)] which can be used to target metabolic signalings in HNSCC. However, further investigation and in vitro and in vivo validation our findings required to understand the molecular mechanisms of regulation of Trabectedin in HNSCC.In this study, the spores and vegetative cells of B. clausii were independently evaluated for probiotic properties such as acid, gastric juice, bile, and intestinal fluid tolerance, adhesion to solvents/mucin and zeta potential. In addition, in silico identification of genome features contributing to probiotic properties were investigated. The results showed that spores were highly stable at gastric acidity and capable to germinate and multiply under intestinal conditions as compared to vegetative cells. The higher hydrophobicity of spores, compared to vegetative cells, is advantageous for colonization and persistence in the intestine. link3 Furthermore, the presence of F 0 F 1 ATP synthase, amino acid decarboxylase, bile acid symporter, mucin/collagen/fibronectin-binding proteins, heat/cold shock proteins, and universal stress proteins suggests that the strain is able to survive stress. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that B. clausii UBBC07 spores show significantly higher survival and adhesion in in vitro gastrointestinal conditions as compared to vegetative cells. Besides, this study provides a comparative analysis of the in vitro probiotic properties of spores and vegetative cells of Bacillus clausii UBBC07.Premna serratifolia L. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant, widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions and commonly used in traditional medicine. The current study was focused to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of aqueous extract of root of P. serratifolia (AEPS) against human hepatoblastoma cancer cell line (Hep G2).The yield of the dried extract was 5.8% and used for further studies.Cytotoxic potential of AEPS was analyzed by MTT assay, which exhibits IC50 value 1000 µg/mL after 48 h incubation. Hoechst and AO/EtBr staining, ROS measurement, mitochondrial membrane potential, clonogenic and wound healing assays also confirmed the cytotoxic efficacy of AEPS in dose and time-dependent manner. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis of AEPS confirmed the presence of 12polyphenolic compounds, namely 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, linarin, peonidin-3,5-O-di-beta-glucopyranoside, diosmin, trans-cinnamic acid, daidzein, saponarin, homoorietin, acacetin, sarsasapogenin, phytol and sissotrin. The cytotoxic potential of AEPS might due to presence of biologically active polyphenolic compounds.
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