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Look at electrochemical qualities regarding nanostructured metallic oxide electrodes submerged in redox-inactive organic and natural press.
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are among the most commonly used nanoparticles in different fields. Zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) are known for their antioxidant effect. This study was designed to investigate the adverse effects of Ag-NPs (50 nm) on the male reproductive system and also the ameliorative effect of Zn-NPs (100 nm) against these harmful effects.
Forty adult male rats were used in this study; they were randomly divided into four equal groups control group, Ag-NPs group, Zn-NPs group, Ag-NPs + Zn-NPs group. Ag-NPs (50 mg/kg) and/or Zn-NPs (30 mg/kg) were administered orally for 90 days.
The results revealed that exposure to Ag-NPs adversely affected sperm motility, morphology, viability, and concentration. Ag-NPs also induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue. The exposure to Ag-NPs decreased serum FSH, LH, and testosterone hormones. Additionally, comet assay revealed DNA degeneration in the testicular tissue of rats exposed to Ag-NPs. Histopathological examination showed various histological alterations in the testes of rats intoxicated with Ag-NPs. Furthermore, co-administration of Zn-NPs ameliorated most of the toxic effects of Ag-NPs via their antioxidative capacity.
The results revealed that exposure to Ag-NPs adversely affected sperm motility, morphology, viability, and concentration. Ag-NPs also induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue. The exposure to Ag-NPs decreased serum FSH, LH, and testosterone hormones. Additionally, comet assay revealed DNA degeneration in the testicular tissue of rats exposed to Ag-NPs. Histopathological examination showed various histological alterations in the testes of rats intoxicated with Ag-NPs. Furthermore, co-administration of Zn-NPs ameliorated most of the toxic effects of Ag-NPs via their antioxidative capacity.
To evaluate the perception of physicians on gender-specific differences in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using a qualitative and anonymous questionnaire-based survey.
The survey was conducted amongst respiratory physicians attending a standalone educational conference (29-30 September 2017) using the SpotMe
App. The 20-item standardized closed questionnaire had pre-coded responses to questions on physician's profile, and perception of COPD diagnosis and existing comorbidities between genders. All the responses were recorded anonymously.
Of 368 physicians who downloaded the SpotMe
App and had access to the survey, 132 (35.9%) completed the survey. Respondents were predominantly hospital-based (57.3%), aged 30-49 years (54.2%), male (56.5%), and from large cities (59.5%). 68.7% of physicians perceived the prevalence of COPD to be higher in men; over 50% of physicians perceived that women were more prone to the effects of smoking. More than 60% of physicians agreed that women experience more severe symptoms (anxiety and depression) and have reduced quality of life than men. Over 50% of physicians agreed that misdiagnosis/underdiagnosis of COPD in women was an important factor for gender-differences.
Results from this survey indicate that the understanding of COPD burden in women varies among healthcare professionals.
Results from this survey indicate that the understanding of COPD burden in women varies among healthcare professionals.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of death because of its high incidence and mortality, which is chiefly resulted from cigarette smoke exposure. A large number of studies show that circular RNA (circRNA) participates in regulating COPD process. This study aims to reveal the role of circRNA ankyrin repeat domain 11 (circANKRD11) in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
The expression of circANKRD11, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) and bromodomain-containing 4 (BRD4) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and BRD4 protein was determined by Western blot. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and Western blot. Cell inflammation was demonstrated by determining the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Oxidative stress was investigated by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) athat circANKRD11 had the potential to act as a diagnosis biomarker for smoker-caused COPD.
CircANKRD11 absence protected HPMECs from CSE-induced injury by regulating BRD4 through associating with miR-145-5p, which demonstrated that circANKRD11 had the potential to act as a diagnosis biomarker for smoker-caused COPD.
Penehyclidine hydrochloride is a selective antagonist of M1 and M3 receptors. Clinical studies suggest that it is a potential drug for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride on the inflammatory response of lung tissue during mechanical ventilation in rats with COPD and explore the role of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) signaling pathway.
Eight-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for 30 minutes every day for two months, and on the first and thirtieth days, 200 ug of lipopolysaccharide was injected into the trachea. Two months later, the rats were randomly divided into the control group (C), model group (M), model + normal saline group (N), and penehyclidine hydrochloride group (H) to undergo anesthesia and mechanical ventilation. In group H, 1 mg/kg of penehyclidine hydrochloride was injected intravenously.
The results showed that ① Compared with group C, the other groups all showed typical chronic obstructive pathological changes in the lung tissue; their wet/dry weight ratio (W/D), TNF-α, JNK, and p-JNK levels increased (P < 0.05), and their interleukin (IL)-10 levels decreased (P < 0.05). ② Compared with group M, there was no significant change in the lung tissue indexes in group N (P > 0.05). ③ Compared with group N, the W/D, TNF-α, JNK, and p-JNK levels in group H decreased (P < 0.05), while the levels of IL-10 increased (P < 0.05).
Penehyclidine hydrochloride can alleviate the pulmonary inflammatory response in rats with COPD undergoing mechanical ventilation. The JNK/SAPK signaling pathway may be involved in this process.
Penehyclidine hydrochloride can alleviate the pulmonary inflammatory response in rats with COPD undergoing mechanical ventilation. The JNK/SAPK signaling pathway may be involved in this process.
Anxiety and depression (A/D) are common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are often associated with lower adherence to treatment and worse patient-related outcomes. However, studies on the impact of comorbid A/D on responses to bronchodilators are limited.
This post hoc analysis of pooled data (N=861) from the GOLDEN 3 and 4 studies compared the efficacy and safety of nebulized glycopyrrolate (GLY) 25 µg in patients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD, grouped by self-reported A/D. Changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV
) and health-related quality of life determined by St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores in patients with or without comorbid A/D (A/D [+] or A/D [-]) were examined following 12 weeks of GLY 25 µg twice-daily (BID) or placebo treatment.
A/D (+) patients were predominantly female, younger, included a higher proportion of current smokers, and had higher baseline SGRQ scores compared with the A/D (-) group. At 12 weeks, GLY resultedmphasize the importance of considering underlying comorbidities including A/D when evaluating the efficacy of COPD treatments.
GLY 25 µg BID resulted in numerical improvements in FEV1, SGRQ total scores and SGRQ responder rates in patients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD, regardless of A/D status at baseline; significant improvements were noted only in the A/D (+) group. The results emphasize the importance of considering underlying comorbidities including A/D when evaluating the efficacy of COPD treatments.
Long-term macrolide treatment is recommended for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with frequent exacerbations. Bronchiectasis is a common comorbid condition in patients with COPD, for which long-term azithromycin is effective in preventing exacerbation. This study aimed to compare the effect of long-term azithromycin between bronchiectasis patients with chronic airflow obstruction (CAO) and COPD patients without bronchiectasis.
Patients with CAO who received azithromycin for more than 12 weeks were retrospectively identified at a single referral hospital. CAO was defined as a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV
)/forced vital capacity (FVC) <0.7, and bronchiectasis was determined using computed tomography. The development of exacerbation and symptom improvement were compared between bronchiectasis patients with CAO and COPD patients without bronchiectasis.
A total of 59 patients (43 in bronchiectasis with CAO group vs 16 in COPD without bronchiectasis gmore from long-term azithromycin treatment than COPD patients without bronchiectasis.
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) added with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can improve the survival rate of certain patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM). However, the perioperative safety and long-term survival of this intricate and possibly life-threatening procedure in elderly patients (≥65 years) remain controversial.
Patients with PM due to appendiceal or colorectal tumours who underwent CRS/HIPEC were evaluated systematically at the National Cancer Center of China and the Huanxing Cancer Hospital between June 2017 and June 2019. The recruited subjects were retrospectively categorized into elderly (age ≥65) and non-elderly (age<65) groups according to their age. NVPBHG712 Clinical and pathological features, postoperative outcomes, and prognoses were gathered and analysed.
Both groups had similar overall morbidity (56.0% vs 38.7%,
=0.130) and grade 3/4 morbidity (28.0% vs 20.0%,
=0.403) after CRS/HIPEC. However, more patients in the elderly group suffered from ileus postoperatively (16morbidity in elderly patients. However, since worse survival outcomes were observed more commonly in elderly patients compared to younger patients from CRS+HIPEC, this complex and potentially life-threatening procedure should be considered carefully in patients aged ≥65 years.
The development of resistance to available anticancer drugs is increasingly becoming a major challenge and new chemical entities could be unveiled to compensate this therapeutic failure. The current study demonstrated the synthesis of 2-aminothiazole [
(
) and
(
)] and 2-aminopyridine [
(
) and
(
)] derivatives that can target multiple cellular networks implicated in cancer development.
Biological assays were performed to investigate the antioxidant and anticancer potential of synthesized compounds. Redox imbalance and oxidative stress are hallmarks of cancer, therefore, synthesized compounds were preliminarily screened for their antioxidant activity using DPPH assay, and further five derivatives
,
,
,
, and
, with significant antioxidant potential, were selected for investigation of in vitro anticancer potential. The cytotoxic activities were evaluated against the parent (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780CISR) ovarian cancer cell lines. Further, Molecular docking studies of active compounds were performed to determine binding affinities.
Homepage: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/NVP-BHG712.html
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are among the most commonly used nanoparticles in different fields. Zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) are known for their antioxidant effect. This study was designed to investigate the adverse effects of Ag-NPs (50 nm) on the male reproductive system and also the ameliorative effect of Zn-NPs (100 nm) against these harmful effects.
Forty adult male rats were used in this study; they were randomly divided into four equal groups control group, Ag-NPs group, Zn-NPs group, Ag-NPs + Zn-NPs group. Ag-NPs (50 mg/kg) and/or Zn-NPs (30 mg/kg) were administered orally for 90 days.
The results revealed that exposure to Ag-NPs adversely affected sperm motility, morphology, viability, and concentration. Ag-NPs also induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue. The exposure to Ag-NPs decreased serum FSH, LH, and testosterone hormones. Additionally, comet assay revealed DNA degeneration in the testicular tissue of rats exposed to Ag-NPs. Histopathological examination showed various histological alterations in the testes of rats intoxicated with Ag-NPs. Furthermore, co-administration of Zn-NPs ameliorated most of the toxic effects of Ag-NPs via their antioxidative capacity.
The results revealed that exposure to Ag-NPs adversely affected sperm motility, morphology, viability, and concentration. Ag-NPs also induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue. The exposure to Ag-NPs decreased serum FSH, LH, and testosterone hormones. Additionally, comet assay revealed DNA degeneration in the testicular tissue of rats exposed to Ag-NPs. Histopathological examination showed various histological alterations in the testes of rats intoxicated with Ag-NPs. Furthermore, co-administration of Zn-NPs ameliorated most of the toxic effects of Ag-NPs via their antioxidative capacity.
To evaluate the perception of physicians on gender-specific differences in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using a qualitative and anonymous questionnaire-based survey.
The survey was conducted amongst respiratory physicians attending a standalone educational conference (29-30 September 2017) using the SpotMe
App. The 20-item standardized closed questionnaire had pre-coded responses to questions on physician's profile, and perception of COPD diagnosis and existing comorbidities between genders. All the responses were recorded anonymously.
Of 368 physicians who downloaded the SpotMe
App and had access to the survey, 132 (35.9%) completed the survey. Respondents were predominantly hospital-based (57.3%), aged 30-49 years (54.2%), male (56.5%), and from large cities (59.5%). 68.7% of physicians perceived the prevalence of COPD to be higher in men; over 50% of physicians perceived that women were more prone to the effects of smoking. More than 60% of physicians agreed that women experience more severe symptoms (anxiety and depression) and have reduced quality of life than men. Over 50% of physicians agreed that misdiagnosis/underdiagnosis of COPD in women was an important factor for gender-differences.
Results from this survey indicate that the understanding of COPD burden in women varies among healthcare professionals.
Results from this survey indicate that the understanding of COPD burden in women varies among healthcare professionals.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of death because of its high incidence and mortality, which is chiefly resulted from cigarette smoke exposure. A large number of studies show that circular RNA (circRNA) participates in regulating COPD process. This study aims to reveal the role of circRNA ankyrin repeat domain 11 (circANKRD11) in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
The expression of circANKRD11, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) and bromodomain-containing 4 (BRD4) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and BRD4 protein was determined by Western blot. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and Western blot. Cell inflammation was demonstrated by determining the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Oxidative stress was investigated by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) athat circANKRD11 had the potential to act as a diagnosis biomarker for smoker-caused COPD.
CircANKRD11 absence protected HPMECs from CSE-induced injury by regulating BRD4 through associating with miR-145-5p, which demonstrated that circANKRD11 had the potential to act as a diagnosis biomarker for smoker-caused COPD.
Penehyclidine hydrochloride is a selective antagonist of M1 and M3 receptors. Clinical studies suggest that it is a potential drug for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride on the inflammatory response of lung tissue during mechanical ventilation in rats with COPD and explore the role of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) signaling pathway.
Eight-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for 30 minutes every day for two months, and on the first and thirtieth days, 200 ug of lipopolysaccharide was injected into the trachea. Two months later, the rats were randomly divided into the control group (C), model group (M), model + normal saline group (N), and penehyclidine hydrochloride group (H) to undergo anesthesia and mechanical ventilation. In group H, 1 mg/kg of penehyclidine hydrochloride was injected intravenously.
The results showed that ① Compared with group C, the other groups all showed typical chronic obstructive pathological changes in the lung tissue; their wet/dry weight ratio (W/D), TNF-α, JNK, and p-JNK levels increased (P < 0.05), and their interleukin (IL)-10 levels decreased (P < 0.05). ② Compared with group M, there was no significant change in the lung tissue indexes in group N (P > 0.05). ③ Compared with group N, the W/D, TNF-α, JNK, and p-JNK levels in group H decreased (P < 0.05), while the levels of IL-10 increased (P < 0.05).
Penehyclidine hydrochloride can alleviate the pulmonary inflammatory response in rats with COPD undergoing mechanical ventilation. The JNK/SAPK signaling pathway may be involved in this process.
Penehyclidine hydrochloride can alleviate the pulmonary inflammatory response in rats with COPD undergoing mechanical ventilation. The JNK/SAPK signaling pathway may be involved in this process.
Anxiety and depression (A/D) are common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are often associated with lower adherence to treatment and worse patient-related outcomes. However, studies on the impact of comorbid A/D on responses to bronchodilators are limited.
This post hoc analysis of pooled data (N=861) from the GOLDEN 3 and 4 studies compared the efficacy and safety of nebulized glycopyrrolate (GLY) 25 µg in patients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD, grouped by self-reported A/D. Changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV
) and health-related quality of life determined by St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores in patients with or without comorbid A/D (A/D [+] or A/D [-]) were examined following 12 weeks of GLY 25 µg twice-daily (BID) or placebo treatment.
A/D (+) patients were predominantly female, younger, included a higher proportion of current smokers, and had higher baseline SGRQ scores compared with the A/D (-) group. At 12 weeks, GLY resultedmphasize the importance of considering underlying comorbidities including A/D when evaluating the efficacy of COPD treatments.
GLY 25 µg BID resulted in numerical improvements in FEV1, SGRQ total scores and SGRQ responder rates in patients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD, regardless of A/D status at baseline; significant improvements were noted only in the A/D (+) group. The results emphasize the importance of considering underlying comorbidities including A/D when evaluating the efficacy of COPD treatments.
Long-term macrolide treatment is recommended for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with frequent exacerbations. Bronchiectasis is a common comorbid condition in patients with COPD, for which long-term azithromycin is effective in preventing exacerbation. This study aimed to compare the effect of long-term azithromycin between bronchiectasis patients with chronic airflow obstruction (CAO) and COPD patients without bronchiectasis.
Patients with CAO who received azithromycin for more than 12 weeks were retrospectively identified at a single referral hospital. CAO was defined as a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV
)/forced vital capacity (FVC) <0.7, and bronchiectasis was determined using computed tomography. The development of exacerbation and symptom improvement were compared between bronchiectasis patients with CAO and COPD patients without bronchiectasis.
A total of 59 patients (43 in bronchiectasis with CAO group vs 16 in COPD without bronchiectasis gmore from long-term azithromycin treatment than COPD patients without bronchiectasis.
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) added with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can improve the survival rate of certain patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM). However, the perioperative safety and long-term survival of this intricate and possibly life-threatening procedure in elderly patients (≥65 years) remain controversial.
Patients with PM due to appendiceal or colorectal tumours who underwent CRS/HIPEC were evaluated systematically at the National Cancer Center of China and the Huanxing Cancer Hospital between June 2017 and June 2019. The recruited subjects were retrospectively categorized into elderly (age ≥65) and non-elderly (age<65) groups according to their age. NVPBHG712 Clinical and pathological features, postoperative outcomes, and prognoses were gathered and analysed.
Both groups had similar overall morbidity (56.0% vs 38.7%,
=0.130) and grade 3/4 morbidity (28.0% vs 20.0%,
=0.403) after CRS/HIPEC. However, more patients in the elderly group suffered from ileus postoperatively (16morbidity in elderly patients. However, since worse survival outcomes were observed more commonly in elderly patients compared to younger patients from CRS+HIPEC, this complex and potentially life-threatening procedure should be considered carefully in patients aged ≥65 years.
The development of resistance to available anticancer drugs is increasingly becoming a major challenge and new chemical entities could be unveiled to compensate this therapeutic failure. The current study demonstrated the synthesis of 2-aminothiazole [
(
) and
(
)] and 2-aminopyridine [
(
) and
(
)] derivatives that can target multiple cellular networks implicated in cancer development.
Biological assays were performed to investigate the antioxidant and anticancer potential of synthesized compounds. Redox imbalance and oxidative stress are hallmarks of cancer, therefore, synthesized compounds were preliminarily screened for their antioxidant activity using DPPH assay, and further five derivatives
,
,
,
, and
, with significant antioxidant potential, were selected for investigation of in vitro anticancer potential. The cytotoxic activities were evaluated against the parent (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780CISR) ovarian cancer cell lines. Further, Molecular docking studies of active compounds were performed to determine binding affinities.
Homepage: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/NVP-BHG712.html
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