Notes

Teenage Wellbeing Literacy along with Local community Features: HBSC Findings through Czech Republic, Poland, and also Slovakia.
By recognizing factors that favor dialysis over other therapies, nephrologists may be better able to provide care to their patients and prevent dialysis, researchers may be able to focus on research that will prevent the need for dialysis, and professional societies may work to prevent unneeded dialysis.
HIV self-testing (HIVST) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are complementary tools that could empower sex workers to control their HIV protection, but few studies have jointly evaluated PrEP and HIVST in any setting.

The Empower Study was an open-label randomized trial in Uganda. Sex workers were offered F/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and randomized 11 to monthly HIVST and quarterly in-clinic testing (intervention) or quarterly in-clinic HIV testing alone (standard of care) and followed up for 12 months. PrEP adherence was measured using electronic adherence monitoring and tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) levels in dried blood spots. Adherence outcomes and sexual behaviors were compared by arm using generalized estimating equation models.

We enrolled 110 sex workers 84 cisgender women, 14 transgender women, 10 men who have sex with men, and 2 transgender men. The median age was 23 years. The 12-month retention was 75%. Nearly all (99.4%) used ≥1 HIVST kit. The proportion with TFV-DP levels ≥700 fmol/punch in the HIVST and standard of care arms at the 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month visits was 2.4%, 2.3%, 0%, and 0% and 7.9%, 0%, 0%, and 0%, respectively, with no differences by randomization arm (P > 0.2). Self-reported condomless sex acts with paying partners was similar by arm [adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 1.17; P = 0.18]. One seroconversion occurred (HIV incidence, 0.9/100 person-years); TFV-DP was not detected at any visit.

A gender-diverse sample of sex workers in Uganda used HIVST but not daily oral PrEP for HIV protection. Alternate approaches to promote PrEP use, including long-acting formulations, should be considered in this population.
A gender-diverse sample of sex workers in Uganda used HIVST but not daily oral PrEP for HIV protection. Alternate approaches to promote PrEP use, including long-acting formulations, should be considered in this population.
We aim to investigate the infection rate, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19-disease in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLWH) in Madrid (Spain), during the first year of pandemics.

Observational single-center study, in which we included all HIV-infected patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection as of February 28, 2021, at the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre.

Confirmed disease was defined as any patient with a positive antigen test, RT-PCR or serology for SARS-CoV-2. We compared the characteristics of patients with mild disease (asymptomatic included) with those with moderate or severe disease (requiring admission).

Out of 2,344 HIV-infected patients, 158 (82.9% male; median age 46.5 years) were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 (infection rate 6.74%; 95%CI 5.79-7.83). Thirty-nine (24.7%) individuals had moderate or severe disease, 43.7% had mild disease and 31.6% were asymptomatic. Hypertension (23.4%) and obesity (15.8%) were the most prevalent comorbidities; 12.7% had at least 2 comorbidities. One hundred and forty-five (97.3%) patients had RNA-HIV viral load<50 copies/mL and only 3 had CD4 cell count <200/mm3 before infection. Of those admitted to hospital, 59% required oxygen support and 15.4%, invasive mechanical ventilation or endotracheal intubation. Five patients died. None of the patient taking tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate (TDF) required admission. In the multivariate analysis age remained as the only independent factor for moderate-severe disease (OR 1.09; CI95% 1.04-1.14; p<0.001).

PLWH are at risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Age was the only variable with an independent association with moderate-severe disease, after adjusting by comorbidities and other factors.
PLWH are at risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Age was the only variable with an independent association with moderate-severe disease, after adjusting by comorbidities and other factors.
Increasingly, women living with HIV are entering menopause (i.e., cessation of menses for ≥1 year) and experiencing midlife symptoms. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is first-line therapy for bothersome hot flashes and early menopause (i.e, before age 45), however, its use in women living with HIV is poorly described. We conducted a cross-sectional assessment of MHT uptake and barriers to use in this group.

This study was conducted across three Canadian provinces from 2015-2017.

Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women living with HIV (≥35 years) in the Canadian HIV Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study (CHIWOS) who answered questions related to MHT use were included. Univariable/multivariable logistic regression evaluated factors associated with MHT use, adjusted for age and contraindications.

Among 464 women, 47.8% (222/464) had a first-line indication for MHT, however, only 11.8% (55/464) reported ever using MHT and 5.6% (26/464) were current users. Only 44.8% had ever discussed menopause with their provider despite almost all women having regular HIV care (97.8%). African/Caribbean/Black women had lower unadjusted odds of MHT treatment compared to white women (odds ratio [OR] 0.42 [0.18-0.89]; P=0.034). Those who had discussed menopause with their provider had higher odds of treatment (OR 3.13 [1.74-5.86]; P<0.001). In adjusted analyses, only having had a menopause discussion remained significantly associated with MHT use (OR 2.97 [1.62-5.61]; P<0.001).

Women living with HIV are seldom prescribed MHT despite frequent indication. MHT uptake was associated with provider-led menopause discussions underscoring need for provider education on menopause management within HIV care.
Women living with HIV are seldom prescribed MHT despite frequent indication. MHT uptake was associated with provider-led menopause discussions underscoring need for provider education on menopause management within HIV care.
Unattended automated office blood pressure (BP) measurement (u-AOBP) improves office BP measurement accuracy and reduces white-coat BP elevation. u-AOBP is recommended as the preferred office BP measurement technique by multiple hypertension guidelines. This study examines utilization, performance, and potential barriers to implementation of u-AOBP in Utah primary care clinics following 5 years of promotional efforts by the Utah Million Hearts Coalition (UMHC).

An online questionnaire was administered to 285 Utah primary care clinics to evaluate self-reported use of u-AOBP and u-AOBP technique, interpretation of results, and perceived barriers to implementation.

Seventy-nine of 285 clinics (27.7%) completed the full questionnaire. Fifty-nine clinics (74.7%) use u-AOBP. CDK inhibitor Nearly 65% first learned about u-AOBP through UMHC promotional efforts rather than from the medical literature. One-half of these clinics noted no significant barriers to u-AOBP implementation, and over 80% noted no reduction in medical sion of u-AOBP implementation at the local and regional level is required to extend its utilization. Effective, accessible educational materials and local technical assistance from public health and community partners are needed to correct knowledge and performance deficits to optimize u-AOBP utilization in primary care.
Postoperative chylous ascites is an infrequent condition after colorectal surgery and is easily treatable. However, its effect on the long-term oncological prognosis is not well established. This study aimed to investigate the short-term and long-term impact of chylous ascites treated with neoadjuvant therapy followed by rectal cancer surgery and to evaluate the incidence of chylous ascites after different surgical approaches.

A total of 898 locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery between January 2010 and December 2018 were included. The clinicopathological data and outcomes of the patients with chylous ascites were compared with those of the patients without chylous ascites. The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). To balance baseline confounders between groups, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for each patient with a logistic regression model.

Chylous ascites was detected in 3.8% (34/898) of the patients. The issue near the vessel origins, especially during minimally invasive surgery.
Considering the higher incidence of chylous ascites after laparoscopic and robotic surgery and its adverse prognosis, we recommend sufficient coagulation of the lymphatic tissue near the vessel origins, especially during minimally invasive surgery.Literature data suggest that activation and blockade of the GABAB receptor may produce similar effects on several reward-related behaviours. Accordingly, the present study was designed to investigate whether treatment with the GABAB receptor antagonist, SCH 50911, reproduced the suppressing effect of the GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen, and several positive allosteric modulators of the GABAB receptor on operant oral alcohol self-administration in rats. To this end, Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats were trained to lever-respond for alcohol (15% v/v) under the fixed ratio (FR) 4 (FR4) schedule of reinforcement. Once lever-responding had stabilized, rats were exposed to test sessions preceded by treatment with SCH 50911 (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg; i.p.). Two independent experiments were conducted, differing solely in the set of rats used. Selectivity of SCH 50911 effect on alcohol self-administration was assessed by evaluating the effect of SCH 50911 (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg; i.p.) on self-administration of a sucrose solution (0.7% w/v) in sP rats exposed to the FR4 schedule. In both 'alcohol' experiments, treatment with SCH 50911 reduced lever-responding for alcohol and amount of self-administered alcohol. SCH 50911 effect was characterized by large interindividual variability, with several instances of dose-unrelated reductions, and frequent occurrence of complete suppression of lever-responding for alcohol. Similar data were collected in the 'sucrose' experiment. These results extend to alcohol self-administration with the notion that activation and blockade of GABAB receptor may produce unidirectional effects on reward-related behaviours; these similarities are discussed in terms of differential contribution of pre- and postsynaptic GABAB receptors.Agmatine, a polyamine derived from l-arginine, has been suggested to modulate memory. However, the available evidence regarding the effect of agmatine on the memory of intact animals is contradictory. This study aimed to assess the dose-response effect of subchronic agmatine on passive avoidance memory and anxiety-like parameters of elevated plus maze in adult intact mice. Furthermore, considering the roles of Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway in memory and Alzheimer's disease, the hippocampal contents of phosphorylated and total forms of Akt and GSK-3β proteins were determined using the western blot technique. Agmatine was administered intraperitoneally at the doses of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 80 mg/kg/daily to adult male NMRI mice for 10 days after which the behavioral assessments were performed. Upon completion of the passive avoidance test, the hippocampi were removed for western blot analysis to detect the phosphorylated and total levels of Akt and GSK-3β proteins. Results showed the biphasic effect of agmatine on passive avoidance memory; in lower doses (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg), agmatine impaired memory whereas in higher ones (40 and 80 mg/kg) improved it.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/CDK.html