Notes

Knockdown regarding circNRIP1 sensitizes intestines cancer to be able to 5‑FU by means of sponging miR‑532‑3p.
As the population ages, the number of careers that intersect with aging is expected to grow. However, many young people lack an interest in working with aging populations. As previous work has shown, though, students' interest in aging careers may be stimulated by coursework and experiential activities related to aging. Despite being a normative developmental process, anxiety about death and dying may be particular barriers to students developing interest in aging, and these topics may be particularly difficult subjects to teach in the college classroom. Here, strategies and activities for teaching the end of life are offered.INTRODUCTION carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation during enteroscopy reduces procedure time and subsequent symptoms and increases the insertion depth compared with room air. In colonoscopy, the water-exchange (WE) technique is associated with less pain compared with CO2 insufflation. The WE technique is not well studied in enteroscopy. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of enteroscopy with WE and CO2. METHODS a prospective, comparative and observational study was performed of double balloon enteroscopies (DBE) that were randomized in two groups. The first group used WE while the second group used CO2 insufflation. read more The data collected was evaluated via univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression (variables with p ≤ 0.10 according to the univariate analysis). RESULTS forty-six DBE were included; 23 in each arm. The median age of cases was 63.5 years and 37% were female. There were no statistical differences between the groups with regard to the access route, findings, therapy and complications. Four patients (20%) in the CO2 group had adverse events (abdominal distension and pain) and one in the WE group (nausea), which was not statistically significant. The median insertion depth was greater in the CO2 group; 260 cm vs 160 cm (p = 0.048). Multiple logistic regression showed a statistically significant difference in the insertion depth using CO2 insufflation (OR 1.009, 1.001-1.017; p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS DBE with a CO2 insufflation technique and WE are safe with a greater insertion depth with CO2.A 40-year-old male presented to the Emergency Department after a driving accident with blunt abdominal trauma. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a mesenteric injury in the right lower quadrant. He was admitted two months later due to a one-day history of abdominal pain and diarrhea, without fever or blood. link2 The CT angiography showed a pseudoaneurysm located in the proximal ileum and several rigid small bowel (SB) loops with segmental wall thickening of mucosa.Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles involved in many cellular functions. Beyond their central role in metabolism, they also take a part in maintaining calcium homeostasis, cell death, immunity and ROS production. Changes in these functions have been shown to be crucial for the adaptation and survival of cancer cells. Mitochondria therefore constitute a promising target for the development of novel anticancer agents. The triphenylphosphonium (TPP+) moiety has been widely used to target molecules into mitochondria. TPP+ derivatives of a variety of conventional cytostatic drugs, natural substances, metformin, antioxidants or a range of newly synthesized molecules have shown promising results against cancer cells. In this review we discuss biochemical differences between cancer cells and normal cells with specific focus on mitochondria, and how mitochondrially targeted molecules can be used to selectively affect mitochondrial function in normal and cancer cells. We summarize the published data on mitochondrially targeted anticancer agents and propose future research avenues.Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) regulates critical gene transcription associated with different types of cancer. A novel paradigm in tumor biology suggests that the initiation and progression of osteosarcoma (OS) are driven by osteosarcoma stem cell-like cells (OSCs), but the role and underlying mechanisms of KLF8 in OSCs is poorly elucidated. In this study, obviously increased level of KLF8 is shown in 9 out of 10 primary OS tissues and is associated with the poor progression-free interval. Significantly, KLF8 expression in CD133+ OSCs is higher than that in CD133- counterparts. By knocking down KLF8 in CD133+ OSCs, we show that si-KLF8-OSCs can hardly form compact spheres. At the meantime, infection with si-KLF8 in CD133+ OSCs results in the downregulation of OCT4 and SOX2; increased Adriamycin (ADM) sensitivity; and decreased tumorigenic potential in vivo. Mechanisms study demonstrates that KLF8 directly binds miR-429 promoter region and regulates its expression transcriptionally. Furthermore, we indicate that miR-429 directly targets SOX2 to mediate cancer stem cell-like features in CD133+ OSCs. In clinic, miR-429 levels are negatively associated with KLF8 levels in OS, suggesting that an elevated KLF8/miR-429 ratio may have clinical value as a predictive biomarker. In conclusion, targeting KLF8-miR-429-SOX2 signaling pathway may provide an effective therapeutic approach to suppress the initiation and progression of OS.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most famous fatal malignancies in the world. LncRNA SNHG1 has been shown to play roles in the development and progression of various tumors, including HCC. The present study aims to investigate the deeper molecular mechanisms of SNHG1 in HCC. The expression levels of SNHG1 and miR-377-3p were detected by qRT-PCR in HCC tissues and cells. MTT assay was used to examine cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by detecting apoptotic rate and the protein level of C-caspase 3 using flow cytometry and western blot assays. The protein levels of EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin) were measured by western blot. Cell migration and invasion were examined by transwell assay. Xenograft analysis was performed to explore the tumor growth in vivo. The binding sites of SNHG1 and miR-377-3p were predicted by the online software and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA pull-down assay. We found that SNHG1 was markedly upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of SNHG1 induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells. SNHG1 knockdown suppressed the tumor growth of HCC in vivo. SNHG1 directly bound to miR-377-3p. Knockdown of miR-377-3p attenuated the effect of SNHG1 knockdown on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and EMT of HCC cells. In conclusion, SNHG1 inhibited apoptosis and induced proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT by sponging miR-377-3p in HCC, which indicated that SNHG1 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC treatment.Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been suggested to play vital roles in tumour initiation and progression. Recent studies have reported that the lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) is highly expressed in breast cancer tissue. In the present study, we demonstrated that SNHG16 is an oncogene involved in cell proliferation and invasion in breast cancer. First, we examined the functional role of SNHG16 in breast cancer cells by knocking down SNHG16 expression via siRNA. We found that SNHG16 inhibition reduced the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro. Then, based on bioinformatic prediction and functional assay validation, we demonstrated SNHG16 interact with miR-30a and its role in breast cancer cells. Finally, we examined the functional role of RRM2 in breast cancer cells by knocking down RRM2 expression via siRNA. Our results indicated that the SNHG16/miR-30a axis regulated the expression of ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2) in breast cancer cells. These results provide novel insight into breast cancer tumorigenesis and suggest that SNHG16 could serve as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies with dismal prognosis. Indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs) are lung nodules with uncertain nature, generally defined as noncalcified nodule smaller than 10 mm in diameter or solid nodule no greater than 20 mm at maximum diameter without malignant character. With the widespread use of preoperative staging computed tomography (CT) of the chest and follow-up CT, IPNs are frequently detected in patients with CRC, which make diagnosis more controversial. Generally, progression to pulmonary metastasis from IPNs is rare. Thus, no further interventions were needed for IPNs in CRC patients. A second reviewing of scans with IPNs by both clinicians and experienced thoracic radiologist may help to obtain a more accurate diagnosis.Oral cancer is one of common cancers worldwide, among which over 90% are oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). link3 MicroRNAs act as critical regulators of cancer development and progression. MiR-103a-3p has been reported to be up-regulated in OSCC patients and closely correlated to poor prognosis, yet its roles in progression of OSCC remains undisclosed. In this study, we knocked down the expression of miR-103a-3p in two OSCC cell lines in vitro, and significantly repressed cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase were observed, accompanied with decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin D1, cyclin B1 and increased PTEN levels. MiR-103a-3p inhibition also induced apoptosis as evidenced by increased apoptotic cells and up-regulated cleaved caspase-9/casapase-3 expression. We established a xenograft model in nude mice and found that miR-103a-3p knockdown also suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Besides, the expression of regulator of calcineurin1 (RCAN1), known as its anti-tumor effect, was negatively correlated with miR-103a-3p level in OSCC cells. We validated that RCAN1 was a downstream target of miR-103a-3p using dual-luciferase assay. RCAN1 silencing reversed the cell proliferative inhibition, cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis induced by miR-103a-3p knockdown. In addition, we found that long non-coding RNA LINC00675 acted as a sponge of miR-103a-3p and promoted the expression of miR-103a-3p targets RCAN1 and PTEN. In summary, miR-103a-3p inhibition represses proliferation and induces apoptosis of OSCC cells through regulating RCAN1, and miR-103a-3p may act as novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for OSCC.INTRODUCTION Chronic back pain (CBP) is a very common symptom. Multiple modalities are used in its evaluation. However, according to current evidence, none of them can be used with certainty to predict the success of fusion surgery. Given the growing experience with bone tissue examination using the methods of nuclear medicine, we have used this possibility in patients with CBP without disc herniation, degenerative spinal stenosis or instability. CASE REPORTS We present case reports of 11 patients who underwent lumbar fusion (during two years period) for degenerative disc disease or facet arthropathy with adequate activity on PET or SPECT/CT examination. Rolland-Morris Questionnaire (RMQ), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were filled out pre-operatively and 24 months after surgery. RESULTS Six patients after one-level stabilization for active osteochondrosis and one for active facet arthropathy improved on average by 82% (64-92%) in RMQ, by 72% (48-100%) in ODI and 75% (55-100%) in VAS.
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