Notes

LZTR1: An encouraging adaptor from the CUL3 family.
Lennert lymphoma is a lymphoepithelioid variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (not otherwise specified) with characteristics that do not fit into other peripheral T-cell lymphoma categories. Lennert lymphoma is primarily a nodal disease, and skin involvement may be exhibited. selleck chemical Cutaneous manifestations in Lennert lymphoma are nonspecific and include erythematous papules, nodules, and small plaques. Histological examination of cutaneous involvement characteristically presents epithelioid histiocytes and atypical small lymphocytes around vessels or appendages. A lymph node (LN) biopsy is essential for Lennert lymphoma diagnosis. In Lennert lymphoma, immunohistochemistry of both LNs and the involved skin reveals T-cell marker positivity. Although most Lennert lymphoma cases present with a single-positive CD4/CD8 immunophenotype, few cases present with a double-positive CD4/CD8 immunophenotype. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman presenting with fever, chills, general weakness, and a skin rash of erythematousarly, a biopsy of the axillary LN revealed numerous epithelioid cells with atypical lymphocytes, exhibiting positivity for CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD68 but negativity for CD20, CD30, and S-100. Ki-67 was overexpressed in both the skin and LN. The final diagnosis of the patient was Lennert lymphoma with cutaneous involvement and a rare double-positive CD4/CD8 immunophenotype. The patient was transferred to another hospital for chemotherapy as per her request.
Dowling-Degos Disease (DDD) is a rare and disfiguring autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by reticulate hyperpigmented macules or follicular comedone-like papules in the intertriginous areas that typically presents in the third or fourth decade of life. It is a progressive disease that is often treatment-resistant. Although its association with hidradenitis suppurativa has been well described, DDD has also been less commonly reported in conjunction with other dermatologic diseases with unknown etiologic associations. Herein, we present a case of DDD with associated epidermal inclusion cysts and conduct a literature review of dermatologic conditions reported in association with DDD.
Dowling-Degos Disease (DDD) is a rare and disfiguring autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by reticulate hyperpigmented macules or follicular comedone-like papules in the intertriginous areas that typically presents in the third or fourth decade of life. It is a progressive disease that is often treatment-resistant. Although its association with hidradenitis suppurativa has been well described, DDD has also been less commonly reported in conjunction with other dermatologic diseases with unknown etiologic associations. Herein, we present a case of DDD with associated epidermal inclusion cysts and conduct a literature review of dermatologic conditions reported in association with DDD.
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a well-established method for sampling breast lesions with high accuracy and positive predictive value. Despite its decline in recent years relative to the use of core needle biopsies, there are several advantages to FNA which include cost-effectiveness, low complication rate, and the ability to perform rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE). The aim of this study was to evaluate breast FNAs with ROSE to identify diagnostic challenges during ROSE.

We identified all breast FNAs with ROSE performed at Massachusetts General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019. From the electronic medical record, clinical, radiological, and follow-up pathology results were recorded. Comparison between the rapid and final cytological diagnosis was made. All discrepancies were documented with major discrepancy defined as a malignant rapid interpretation not confirmed on final diagnosis or a negative rapid interpretation upgraded to suspicious or positive on final diagnosis.

The study cohort consisted of 483 breast FNAs with ROSE. The rapid and final cytological interpretations showed good correlation, with only 6 (1.2%) major discrepancies. Problematic areas included low-grade, lobular, and fibroepithelial lesions with low cellularity being a contributory factor to misclassification.

FNA remains a highly accurate method for the evaluation of breast lesions with ROSE.
FNA remains a highly accurate method for the evaluation of breast lesions with ROSE.Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in 2011, many radiation experts directly experienced a vast gap between ideal and real public understanding (PU) of radiation in risk communication. Therefore, this study collated and reviewed information about PU activities for radiation and its risk that six Japanese academic societies-which seem to be socially neutral expert communities-related to radiation and radiation risk conducted before and after the accident. Activities these radiation-related societies provided to the general public were discussed from the following perspectives (a) difficulties in two-way communication due to resources, motivation and public interest and concerns; (b) balance between academic research and PU activities; (c) academic societies' building trust with the public while ensuring member experts' neutrality and independence; and (d) discussions among academic societies to prepare for public engagement. We hope that this paper encourages experts and academic societies in radiation protection to hold more national and international discussions about their roles in public communication and outreach.Two-dimensional half-metallic ferromagnets are promising in spintronics. In recent years, the half-metallicity and the magnetic properties of the MXene materials have been the research hotspots of new materials due to their unique crystal characteristics and wide applications. In this paper, the MXene nanosheet Mn2ZnN2was predicted as a kind of robust intrinsic half-metallic nanosheet whose magnetic moment per unit is the integer 6.00μBbased on the first principles calculations. The half-metallic character and the magnetic moment of this nanosheet mainly result from the spin-polarized Mn-ions induced by the crystal field. If the absolute biaxial compression strain is lower than 3.0%, the half-metallicity remains well and the magnetic moment per unit is always 6.00μB, indicating that its half-metallicity and magnetic properties are stable within a certain pressure range. More importantly, the magnetic moment per unit is elevated from 6.00μBto 9.00μBand the half-metallic energy gap increases evidently after an electron is removed from this nanosheet, suggesting that the half-metallicity and magnetic properties of this nanosheet may be improved via tuning its charge state.In the last decades there has been a great progress in the field of molecular biology allowing the study of the sensitization to individual allergenic components of an allergenic source, a practice that has been termed Molecular Allergy Diagnosis (MD) or Component Resolved Diagnosis (CRD). The purpose of the present review is to offer the clinician a practical approach to the use of MD by answering frequently asked questions among physicians on how MD can help us improve allergy diagnosis in our daily clinical practice. The article is divided in three sections. First, a brief review on the importance for the clinician to know the main allergens of the different allergenic sources, their structure and their in vitro cross-reactivity before approaching MD (section A). Secondly the core of the review on the usefulness of MD in clinical practice (section B) answering FAQS on the subject, and finally a section (C) on the interpretation and integration of MD with the rest of available tools for allergy diagnosis.Concealing the identity of the principal investigator only partially closes the success gap between white and African American or Black researchers in NIH grant applications.
Acute otitis media is a painful infection of the middle ear that is commonly seen in children. In some children, the eardrum spontaneously bursts, discharging visible pus (otorrhoea) into the outer ear.

To compare the clinical effectiveness of immediate topical antibiotics or delayed oral antibiotics with the clinical effectiveness of immediate oral antibiotics in reducing symptom duration in children presenting to primary care with acute otitis media with discharge and the economic impact of the alternative strategies.

This was a pragmatic, three-arm, individually randomised (stratified by age < 2 vs. ≥ 2 years), non-inferiority, open-label trial, with economic and qualitative evaluations, supported by a health-record-integrated electronic trial platform [TRANSFoRm (Translational Research and Patient Safety in Europe)] with an internal pilot.

A total of 44 English general practices.

Children aged ≥ 12 months and < 16 years whose parents (or carers) were seeking medical care for unilateral otome and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 67. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally; recognition of immune responses to this virus will be crucial for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) control, prevention and treatment. We comprehensively analysed IgG and IgA antibody responses to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N), spike protein domain 1 (S1) and envelope protein (E) in SARS-CoV-2-infected patient, healthy, historical and pre-epidemic samples, including patients' medical, epidemiological and diagnostic data, virus-neutralizing capability and kinetics. N-specific IgG and IgA are the most reliable diagnostic targets for infection. Serum IgG levels correlate to IgA levels. Half a year after infection, anti-N and anti-S1 IgG decreased, but sera preserved virus-inhibitory potency; thus, testing for IgG may underestimate the protective potential of antibodies. Historical and pre-epidemic sera did not inhibit SARS-CoV-2, thus its circulation before the pandemic and a protective role from antibodies pre-induced by other coronaviruses cannot be confirmed by this study.Previously, we showed for the first time that alkaliphilic fungi, in contrast to alkalitolerant fungi, accumulated trehalose under extremely alkaline conditions, and we have proposed its key role in alkaliphilia. We propose that high levels of trehalose in the mycelium of alkaliphiles may promote adaptation not only to alkaline conditions, but also to other stressors. Therefore, we studied changes in the composition of osmolytes, and storage and membrane lipids under the action of cold (CS), heat (HS) and osmotic (OS) shocks in the obligate alkaliphilic micromycete Sodiomyces tronii. During adaptation to CS, an increase in the degree of unsaturation of phospholipids was observed while the composition of osmolytes, membrane and storage lipids remained the same. Under HS conditions, a twofold increase in the level of trehalose and an increase in the proportion of phosphatidylethanolamines were observed against the background of a decrease in the proportion of phosphatidic acids. OS was accompanied by a decrease in the amount of membrane lipids, while their ratio remained unchanged, and an increase in the level of polyols (arabitol and mannitol) in the fungal mycelium, which suggests their role for adaptation to OS. Thus, the observed consistency of the composition of membrane lipids suggests that trehalose can participate in adaptation not only to extremely alkaline conditions, but also to other stressors - HS, CS and OS. Taken together, the data obtained indicate the adaptability of the fungus to the action of various stressors, which can point to polyextremotolerance.
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