Notes

Miro1 offers neuroprotection through mitochondrial trafficking path in the rat model of upsetting injury to the brain.
Fournier's gangrene is a life-threatening type of necrotizing fasciitis associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The patient is a 29-year-old incarcerated male who presented to the ED with left-sided scrotal crepitus extending into the axilla and testicular swelling. The patient endorsed a pimple on his left scrotum accompanied with groin pain. He had a prior history of foreign body removal and self-mutilating behaviors. The patient was taken for surgical exploration out of concern due to a subcutaneous emphysema secondary to a necrotizing soft tissue infection.Pyoderma gangrenosum can be a challenging diagnosis for even the most experienced clinician. Misdiagnosis can lead to delays in appropriate treatment and unwarranted debridement that can increase the severity of the disease. Penile pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare presentation of this pathologic process. We describe the diagnostic workup and successful treatment of advanced penile PG in a 42-year-old male with a history of penile fracture who presented with delayed wound healing and multiple unsuccessful urologic surgeries. This case demonstrates the importance of keeping a broad differential, including PG, in order to avoid delays to appropriate care.Polydimethylsiloxane (Macroplastique®) endoscopic subureteric implantation is considered to be safe and effective for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) treatment. The Macroplastique® implantation is popular for its high success rate and minimal complications. A 22-years-old male who underwent prior subureteric endoscopic therapy with Macroplastique for VUR 14-years ago was investigated for microscopic hematuria. Renal ultrasound confirmed the presence stone that was retrieved by cystolitholapaxy. Although endoscopic subureteric implantation with Macroplastique has a high success rate for VUR resolution, caution during the follow-up period in order to prevent potential long-term complications is required.Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare form of male pseudohermaphroditism; it is defined by the presence of the Mullerian duct derivatives (the uterus, the fallopian tubes, and the upper vagina) in genotypically and phenotypically males. Seminoma is the most common type of testicular tumor in the third and fourth decade of life. We report a case of intra-abdominal seminoma in a patient with bilateral undescended testes and persistent Mullerian duct syndrome.Severe renal trauma is a particular entity, although rare, but most often involves the risk of short-term death from hemorrhagic shock and long-term death from infectious complications or secondary renal dysfunction, exceptionally post-renal vascular hypertension. Which is generally a late complication, we will report the case of a patient suffering from grade v renal trauma with early post-traumatic renal vascular hypertension, suppressed by medical treatment, then the surgical indication was kept in the second phase in front of a mute kidney.Extravasation of urine following rupture of the renal fornix is a rare complication mostly caused by obstruction secondary to distal ureteric stones. SGI1027 We report the case of a rupture of FORNIX secondary to a bladder tumor.Immune-related cutaneous events can develop after immunotherapy. To our knowledge, we present the first reported case of isolated focal penile inflammatory ulceration in a patient being treated with Nivolumab for stage IV non-small cell lung carcinoma. He presented with a painless penile ulceration two months after initiating therapy. He had near-complete resolution of his ulcer after two weeks of topical treatment. Histologic evaluation revealed a drug eruption. While cutaneous events are a well-known side effect of immunotherapy, this is the first report of an isolated penile lesion from such therapy.Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) despite its minimally invasive approach has an high complication rate, with the most common complications being extravasation of urine and perioperative bleeding requiring transfusion. While most of these complications are minor, many serious and life-threatening complications do occur. One such complication is the development of hemothorax or hydrothorax which usually develops in the early postoperative period with blood or urine passing from the surgical site through a newly established pleural-peritoneal fistula. Here we describe an unusual presentation and clinical management of delayed onset acute urohemothorax and hemodynamic collapse several days following PCNL.We present a 42 year old man, who was admitted in the Urology Department with symptoms of unilateral, painless, hard and firm slow-growing mass of the left scrotum for 4 months. Pelvic computed tomography (CT) scan showed a 8 cm3 mass lesion in the left hemiscrotum. Left radical orchiectomy and wide excision were performed and a yellowish soft tissue mass measuring closely attached to the spermatic cord was resected during surgery. Histopathologic evaluation revealed a tumor mass composed of well-differentiated liposarcoma.Prostate cancer often spreads to bony sites, but other metastatic sites are exceptional. Brain localization accounts for less than 4% of postmortem cases.The cerebral metastases of a prostatic ADK are rare, the prognosis is unfortunate and the treatment is based on androgen deprivation and radiotherapy. We describe a case of orbital metastasis of prostatic adenocarcinoma and we highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic singularity of this affection.The iatrogenic injury of the vas deferens after bilateral hernia repair is rarely found in childhood, and can only diagnose when the patient is infertile after marriage. Azoospermia caused by iatrogenic bilateral vas deferens injury is common in clinic. In the past, patients who had varicocele ligation, pelvic surgery, kidney transplantation and testicular descent fixation may have iatrogenic vas deferens injury. Hernia repair is the most common cause of vas deferens injury, most of which is vas deferens cut and ligated. In this report, we describe a case of obstructive azoospermia after bilateral hernia repair, which was naturally pregnant after laparoscopic assisted microsurgery.Endometriosis is the ectopic presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. Bladder involvement of these lesions is not uncommon and has been reported and studied extensively. Mullerianosis is a term that describes the ectopic presence of tissues from the endocervix and endosalpinx in extrauterine sites. Only a few cases of Mullerianosis involving the urinary tract system have been reported in literature. We report a case of a 32-year-old lady with bladder mass and periodic hematuria and dysuria. She underwent TURBT 1and on histopathology was found to have bladder Mullerianosis. Patient was later treated with oral contraceptives with improvement.Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most commonly occurring carcinoma among humans. Reports of this lesion on nonexposed areas, such as the scrotum, soles, vulva, groin, pubic region, and axilla, are relatively uncommon. We present the case of a male patient with BCC located in the scrotum with a duration of 12 years who was successfully treated by local excision. Histopathology revealed infiltration by BCC. Our objective of this report is to remind specialists like urologists of the possibility of scrotal BCC when encountering scrotal lesions of unknown origin or not responding to topical treatments in a reasonable time frame.Clear cell variants of transitional cell carcinoma of upper urinary tract is extremely rare. Although clear cell of urinary bladder has been reported, its occurrence in the upper tract has not been reported readily in literature. We present a case of 77 year old female who was suspected with TCC of the ureter, but was found to have clear cell variant on histology post radical nephroureterectomy. This was the first such case in our institution.Urinary calculi are a frequent complication of urinary diversion following radical cystectomy, including in ileal conduit systems. We report the case of a 38-year-old man with ileal conduit urinary diversion, following radical cystectomy for transitional cell cancer, who presented with symptomatic bilateral kidney stones. By reporting the medical record and management procedure for this patient, we aim to demonstrate the successful management of kidney stones via supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy, using an Alken telescopic metal dilator, under spinal anesthesia. Consistent with most literature, percutaneous nephrolithotomy was the best management procedure in this case.we presented a case of drug-induced interstitial nephritis in a 43-year-old woman, having the history of renal calculi, as a result of sodium valproate and triamterene. Renal biopsy was used to confirm the diagnosis, however, due to poor prognosis along with discontinuation of drugs, she was treated with corticosteroids.Rhabdomyosarcoma of the urinary tract is very rare among young adult and the survival has improved significantly. The challenge of such location is to ensure better functional outcomes like continence and sexuality without compromising the overall survival. Throughout this case, we bring new insights into the conservative management of prostatic sarcoma and we focus on the role of radio-chemotherapy for local disease control.The use of ureteral stent has became an integral part of urological practice. However, its use is not without complications. Stenting knotting represents a rare complication but can be difficult to manage, with less than 30 cases reported in the literature. We report a case in which a complete knot was found in the proximal coil of an indwelling ureteral stent. The knotted stent was untied and removed successfully by ureteroscopy under fluoroscopic guidance.Iatrogenic ureteral rupture is a serious complication. In the past, ileal ureter substitution was performed with open, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted procedure; however, there are problems with operation invasiveness and difficulty. We present a 72-year-old female whose ureter was completely injured at the ureteropelvic junction and torn longitudinally in full length at the time of transurethral lithotripsy. Although initially she had nephrostomy, we were able to internalize with hand-assisted laparoscopic ileal ureter substitution for obstruction over the full length of the ureter.A 26-year-old male presented with an obstructing calculus in the mid superior-moiety ureter in a duplicated urinary collecting-system. A sequela of the obstruction resulted in a symptomatic stricture in a functional superior-moiety ureter, unresponsive to endoscopic interventions. An ipsilateral robot-assisted laparoscopic side-to-side ureteroureterostomy was performed thus bypassing the stricture in the superior-moiety ureter. Follow up endoscopic visualisation showed a healthy, patent anastomosis. This video presentation shows appropriate positioning, operative technique and follow up for a robot assisted side-to-side ureteroureterostomy. Our minimally invasive novel method is a feasible and safe treatment of a duplex collecting system with a symptomatic ectopic ureter.Epididymo-testicular infarction associated with ischemia of spermatic cord without torsion secondary to an orchiepididymitis is an extremely rare pathological entity, of little known etiopathogenesis and idiopathic in the majority of cases. The authors report an original observation of a 23-year-old young patient with a history of untreated orchiepididymitis, which presented to the emergency department for testicular pain. The ultrasound has showed an ischemic testicle and the exploratory scrototomy objectified an epididymo-testicular necrosis associated with ischemia of spermatic cord without torsion. This case highlighted the interest of early diagnosis and effective treatment of orchiepididymitis to prevent this rare serious complication.
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