Notes

Five-year rate of survival investigation: the combination involving fortnightly-administration of endostar and contingency chemoradiotherapy vs . contingency chemoradiotherapy from the treating inoperable locally sophisticated non-small cell cancer of the lung.
To evaluate the 2-year performance of definitive implant- or tooth-supported three-unit fixed dental prostheses made of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate placed to restore premolars and molars in clinical cases of partial edentulism.

All patients received a three-unit fixed restoration made of monolithic, hot-pressed, zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic. The restoration was cemented to two natural teeth or attached to two 3.5- or 4.5-mm-diameter square threaded, grit-blasted, acid-etched integrated implants with a Morse taper connection. Peri-implant pocket depth and bone and soft tissue remodeling were recorded for 2 years at each follow-up visit. Esthetic, functional, and biologic United States Public Health Services (USPHS) parameters modified by the World Dental Federation study design were assessed yearly until the final follow-up appointment. At the time of placement of the definitive restorations and at the 2-year follow-up visit, the opposing dentitions were identified by type ofe 2-year results of this report will be studied more in depth in ongoing long-term research.
Implant-supported or tooth-supported three-unit fixed dental prostheses made of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate can be used to successfully restore cases of posterior partial edentulism. The 2-year results of this report will be studied more in depth in ongoing long-term research.
To investigate the effect of training on scanning accuracy of complete arch scans (CAS) performed by first-time users, with a distinction made between specific training (repeated performance of CAS) and nonspecific training (simple use of an intraoral optical scanner for a sextant scan in the context of a CAD/CAM teaching module).

A total of 36 students with no experience in intraoral scanning were randomized into three groups (n = 12 per group) according to the number of CAS sessions three sessions (3S), two sessions (2S), and one session (1S). Each student had to perform 10 CAS per scanning session. Sessions were scheduled at T
, T
, and T
for group 3S; at T
and T
for group 2S; and at T
for group 1S. Before the final scanning session in each group (ie, the first scanning session in group 1S), the students completed a CAD/CAM teaching module, which included fabrication of a monolithic crown in a fully digital chairside workflow.

In all groups, repeated CAS resulted in improved scanning accuracy. Participation in the CAD/CAM module had a positive effect on initial accuracy for CAS. Mean absolute deviations in cross-arch distance were 84 μm (T
), 68 μm (T
), and 63 μm (T
) for group 3S; 79 μm (T
) and 61 μm (T
) for group 2S; and 67 μm (T
) for group 1S.

To perform CAS with the best possible accuracy, specific training is highly recommended. In addition, nonspecific training leads to an improvement in initial scanning accuracy.
To perform CAS with the best possible accuracy, specific training is highly recommended. In addition, nonspecific training leads to an improvement in initial scanning accuracy.
To investigate the effect of training on scanning times of complete-arch scans (CAS) performed by first-time users, with a distinction made between specific training (repeated practice of CAS) and nonspecific training (simple use of an intraoral scanner for a sextant scan in the context of a student CAD/CAM course).

Thirty-six students with no experience in intraoral scanning were randomized into three groups (n = 12 per group) according to the number of specific CAS training sessions three sessions (3S), two sessions (2S), and one session (1S). Each student performed 10 CAS per scanning session. These sessions were scheduled at baseline (T
), T
(2 weeks after T
), and T
(4 weeks after T
) for group 3S; at T
and T
for group 2S; and at T
for group 1S. Before the final scanning session in each group (ie, the first scanning session in group 1S), the students participated in a CAD/CAM course (3 weeks after T0) in which a monolithic crown was fabricated in a fully digital chairside workflow. The sises at least 12 CAS.
Training does affect the scanning time required for CAS. To perform such scans in a time-efficient manner, dental practitioners should undertake training that comprises at least 12 CAS.
To evaluate and compare the occlusal fit of zirconia crowns designed using a digital articulator method and the traditional method in a self-controlled clinical trial.

Two zirconia crowns each were prepared for 12 patients with a single posterior tooth defect using two different methods a digital articulator method and the traditional method. In the traditional method, casts were scanned using a model scanner, and the relative positions of the maxillary and mandibular arches were determined by the intercuspal occlusion of the casts. Metabolism inhibitor In the digital articulator method, casts were mounted on a mechanical articulator and scanned, and the relative positions were determined by their respective positions in the articulator. Additional dynamic occlusal adjustments of the digital articulator crowns were performed. Both groups of zirconia crowns were milled in a five-axis milling machine. The time required for occlusal adjustments, the occlusal contacts, the occlusal contact distributions, the number of occlusal co
To determine whether the use of implant-supported overdentures (IODs) with different attachments influences the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) scores in edentulous patients > 65 years of age.

The MNA and GOHAI were administered to 54 edentulous patients > 65 years of age (mean age = 68.35 ± 4.1 years) before treatment (A) and 6 months after treatment (B) 10 with maxillary + mandibular conventional complete dentures (CDs); 10 with a maxillary conventional CD + mandibular magnetic-retained IOD; 12 with a maxillary conventional CD + mandibular ball-retained IOD; 12 with a maxillary conventional CD + mandibular Locator-retained IOD; and 10 with a maxillary conventional CD + mandibular bar-retained IOD. Statistical differences between treatment types were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance and paired-sample t tests. The correlation between MNA and GOHAI scores was determined using Pearson correlation analysis (α = .05).

The difference between mean GOHAI-A and GOHAI-B scores was statistically significant for each type of denture (P < .005). The difference between the mean MNA-A and MNA-B scores was statistically significant for all types of denture except for conventional CDs (P < .05). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between MNA and GOHAI scores (P < .01).

Regardless of the type of denture used, treatment of edentulous geriatric patients is important for improving nutritional status and self-rated oral health.
Regardless of the type of denture used, treatment of edentulous geriatric patients is important for improving nutritional status and self-rated oral health.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem because of its high prevalence, associated complications and high treatment costs. Several aspects of CKD differ significantly in the Eastern European nephrology community compared with Western Europe because of different geographic, socio-economic, infrastructure, cultural and educational features. The two most frequent aetiologies of CKD, DM and hypertension, and many other predisposing factors, are more frequent in the Eastern region, resulting in more prevalent CKD Stages 3-5. Interventions may minimize the potential drawbacks of the high prevalence of CKD in Eastern Europe, which include several options at various stages of the disease, such as raising public, medical personnel and healthcare authorities awareness; early detection by screening high-risk populations; preventing progression and CKD-related complications by training health professionals and patients; promoting transplantation or home dialysis as the preferred modality; disseminating and implementing guidelines and guided therapy and encouraging/supporting country-specific observational research as well as international collaborative projects. Specific ways to significantly impact CKD-related problems in every region of Europe through education, science and networking are collaboration with non-nephrology European societies who have a common interest in CKD and its associated complications, representation through an advisory role within nephrology via national nephrology societies, contributing to the training of local nephrologists and stimulating patient-oriented research. The latter is mandatory to identify country-specific kidney disease-related priorities. Active involvement of patients in this research via collaboration with the European Kidney Patient Federation or national patient federations is imperative to ensure that projects reflect specific patient needs.
Sleep disturbance and deficiency are common among older adults and have been linked with dementia and all-cause mortality. Using nationally representative data, we examine the relationship between sleep disturbance and deficiency and their risk for incident dementia and all-cause mortality among older adults.

The National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) is a nationally-representative longitudinal study of Medicare beneficiaries in the US age 65 and older. Surveys that assessed sleep disturbance and duration were administered at baseline. We examined the relationship between sleep disturbance and deficiency and incident dementia and all-cause mortality over the following 5 years using Cox proportional hazards modeling, controlling for confounders.

Among the sample (n = 2,812), very short sleep duration (≤5 hours HR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.26 - 3.33) and sleep latency (>30 minutes HR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.03 - 2.03) were associated with incident dementia in adjusted Cox models. Difficulty maintaining alertness ("Some Days" HR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.13 - 1.94 and "Most/Every Day" HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.17 - 2.32), napping ("Some days" HR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.03 - 1.85; "Most/Every Day" HR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.29 - 2.32), sleep quality ("Poor/Very Poor" HR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.17 - 2.61), and very short sleep duration (≤5 hours HR = 2.38, 95% CI 1.44 - 3.92) were associated with all-cause mortality in adjusted Cox models.

Addressing sleep disturbance and deficiency may have a positive impact on risk for incident dementia and all-cause mortality among older adults.
Addressing sleep disturbance and deficiency may have a positive impact on risk for incident dementia and all-cause mortality among older adults.It has been shown that gintonin, isolated from Panax ginseng, can promote rapid corneal wound healing. We aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism and investigated whether gintonin affects the concentration of the extracellular matrix remodelling factor matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in tears during rabbit corneal wound healing in vivo. Twelve eyes (six rabbits) were divided equally into three groups. All eyes underwent corneal de-epithelialisation. The control group received Tearin Free sodium hyaluronate 0.1%, the solcoseryl group received solcoseryl-120 concentrate, and the gintonin group received 2.5 mg gintonin in sodium hyaluronate 0.1%. All preparations were administered for 5 days and the concentration of MMP-9 was measured in tears via ELISA on days 0, 1, and 5. MMP-9 concentrations in all groups were increased at day 1 and reduced at day 5. Of note, we found a significant change over the time frame for the gintonin group (P 0.05). In conclusion, gintonin increases the concentration of MMP-9 rapidly within a day of injury, and decreasing it thereafter.
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