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Social Considerations within Modern Proper care Preventative measure: Any Scoping Overview of Canadian Literature.
the need to implement a national programme/policy on preschool vision screening in Ghana.Transverse and axial tubules (TATS) are an essential ingredient of the excitation-contraction machinery that allow the effective coupling of L-type Calcium Channels (LCC) and ryanodine receptors (RyR2). They form a regular network in ventricular cells, while their presence in atrial myocytes is variable regionally and among animal species We have studied the effect of variations in the TAT network using a bidomain computational model of an atrial myocyte with variable density of tubules. At each z-line the t-tubule length is obtained from an exponential distribution, with a given mean penetration length. This gives rise to a distribution of t-tubules in the cell that is characterized by the fractional area (F.A.) occupied by the t-tubules. To obtain consistent results, we average over different realizations of the same mean penetration length. To this, in some simulations we add the effect of a network of axial tubules. Then we study global properties of calcium signaling, as well as regional heterogeneities model. This work will help understand the effect of detubulation, that has been shown to occur in disease conditions such as heart failure (HF) in ventricular cells, or atrial fibrillation (AF) in atrial cells.PURPOSE The aim of this study was to derive reference values of 18F-fluoro-ethyl-L-tyrosine positron emission tomography (18F-FET-PET) uptake in normal brain and head structures to allow for differentiation from tumor tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the datasets of 70 patients (median age 53 years, range 15-79), whose dynamic 18F-FET-PET was acquired between January 2016 and October 2017. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), target-to-background standardized uptake value ratio (TBR), and time activity curve (TAC) of the 18F-FET-PET were assessed in tumor tissue and in eight normal anatomic structures and compared using the t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. Correlation analyses were performed using Pearson or Spearman coefficients, and comparisons between several variables with Pearson's chi-squared tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests as well as the Benjamini-Hochberg correction. see more RESULTS All analyzed structures showed an 18F-FET uptake higher than background (threshold TBR > 1.5). The venous sinuses and cranial muscles exhibited a TBR of 2.03±0.46 (confidence interval (CI) 1.92-2.14), higher than the uptake of caudate nucleus, pineal gland, putamen, and thalamus (TBR 1.42±0.17, CI 1.38-1.47). SUVmax, TBR, and TAC showed no difference in the analyzed structures between subjects with high-grade gliomas and subjects with low-grade gliomas, except the SUVmax of the pineal gland (t-tests of the pineal gland SUVmax p = 0.022; TBR p = 0.411). No significant differences were found for gender and age. CONCLUSION Normal brain tissue demonstrates increased 18F-FET uptake compared to background tissue. Two distinct clusters have been identified, comprising venous structures and gray matter with a reference uptake of up to SUVmax of 2.99 and 2.33, respectively.Intensive care data are valuable for improvement of health care, policy making and many other purposes. Vast amount of such data are stored in different locations, on many different devices and in different data silos. Sharing data among different sources is a big challenge due to regulatory, operational and security reasons. One potential solution is federated machine learning, which is a method that sends machine learning algorithms simultaneously to all data sources, trains models in each source and aggregates the learned models. This strategy allows utilization of valuable data without moving them. One challenge in applying federated machine learning is the possibly different distributions of data from diverse sources. To tackle this problem, we proposed an adaptive boosting method named LoAdaBoost that increases the efficiency of federated machine learning. Using intensive care unit data from hospitals, we investigated the performance of learning in IID and non-IID data distribution scenarios, and showed that the proposed LoAdaBoost method achieved higher predictive accuracy with lower computational complexity than the baseline method.The article is devoted to the academician I. D. Strashun, constitutor of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, prominent scientist, hygienist, historian of medicine and notable specialist in the field of medical education and health care organization. During the years of restoration of national economy after the end of the Great Patriotic War, the extremely important issue in the activity of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR was implementation of ideological political work with scientists, also supposing unmasking false scientists worshiping bourgeois science. The academician I. D. Strashun too got into millstones of the "struggle against cosmopolitanism". The article uses materials from the personal files of academician I. D. Strashun belonging to the scientific archive of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.The article is devoted to the contribution of academician G. N. Speransky, the prominent pediatrician, into becoming of the national system of medical and preventive care of children of early age and development of its staging.The article analyses financial and statistical aspects of materials from the Interdepartmental Commission for the Revision of Medical Legislation (the G. E. Rhein Commission). The brief analysis of structure, composition and mechanisms of functioning of the Commission is presented. The specificity of the Commission materials is discussed. The information sources are established which were used as background for statistical calculations of the Commission. The calculations themselves are briefly discussed. The particular attention is paid to methods of calculating financial losses in the Russian Empire due to diseases. The study focuses on state health statistics projects and on the financial foundations of the new health care system as well as on their perception by the participants of the Pirogov Society. The data obtained by the Commission was used for devising plans for optimization and centralization of health care, according to which sanitary statistics were to be subordinated to the state. However, financial support to local self-government bodies for sanitary needs was mentioned. Although the physicians from the Pirogov Society had critical attitude to most ideas of the Commission, in the matter of financing they were not only agreed upon with main proposals of the Commission but were also ready to go even further.The article on the basis of analysis of declassified materials of the State Archive of the Russian Federation covers the history of the organization of industrial production of penicillin in the USSR in second half of the 1940s. The analysis of the documents demonstrated that existed huge gap between health needs of the antibiotic and actual quantity of its production by the end of 1945. This raised the question of organizing its large-scale production. The Soviet Government tried to solve the problem in the least expensive way i.e. through using available industrial areas for the development of penicillin production, refusing to buy ready-made penicillin plants abroad, maximal application of resources of international organizations. The problem of mastering advanced technologies of antibiotic production, as well as development of national equipment for penicillin plants was mainly solved through efforts of intelligence service activities. Due to organizational, technological, foreign policy causes, the development of new penicillin plants was delayed for a long time. The amounts of penicillin production by existing enterprises did not cover the needs of health care in the antibiotic.Nowadays, in Russia number of problems is present in effective personnel policy in health care. The National Concept of personnel policy in health care (2002) expired in 2010 and no new one was developed. However, corresponding program documents were adopted at the level of subjects of the Russian Federation. The purpose of study was to compare evaluation of program documents of subjects of the Russian Federation related to issues of personnel policy in health care. The continuous sampling technique was applied to study these documents, which were valid in the territories of all subjects of the Russian Federation in 2002-2019. The comparative assessment was performed. It is demonstrated that the most informative document in this area is only the corresponding specialized Concept. However, this document was adopted only in 8.2% of the subjects of the Russian Federation, and they were valid only in two subjects. The concepts of health care development in the subjects of the Russian Federation, addressing medical personnel policy were adopted in 44.7% of the subjects of the Russian Federation. However, these legal documents operate only in 15.3% of territories. At the same time, the availability of appropriate specialized program document is a prerequisite of development of coherent and effective medical personnel policy in health care at all its levels.The article presents analysis of endoscopy departments of curative preventive institutions of the practice in the institutions Moscow Health Care Department in 2018. The endoscopy equipment support of corresponding departments and medical rooms were analyzed. The comparative study of diagnostic endoscopy procedures (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, bronchoscopy, colonoscopy, rectosigmoidoscopy, intestinoscopy, capsule endoscopy) and therapeutic procedures (endoscopic hemostasis, endoscopic removal of foreign bodies, endoscopic submucous dissection, stenting, balloon dilation) was implemented. The indices of quality of endoscopic procedures and adequate personnel support of endoscopy departments were analyzed. The analysis of study results permitted to formulate main directions of optimization of endoscopic service, quality improvement and mechanisms of regular quality.The article analyzes topical issues of organization of patronage medical care of patients with restricted mobility in Moscow, considering ongoing organizational measures at various stages of implementation of new organizational form of medical sanitary care of patients of different age groups. The results of analysis of effectiveness of its functioning are presented.The article analyzes experience of interaction of public authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation in area of health protection with civil society using hot-lines. The advantages and disadvantages of this type communication channel are established too. The justifications for implementation of principles of "open health care" are presented considering "hot-lines" as tool of interaction between the government and society (citizens and public organizations).The increased access to effective anti-retroviral treatment (ART) has made HIV comparable to chronic disease in terms of life expectancy. The advances in scientific knowledge and, in particular, in management of HIV-infected pregnant woman have reduced the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The analysis of current research demonstrates that HIV has been a problem in terms of sexuality and reproduction. The needs related to sexuality and reproduction are crucial ones to overall health and well-being of HIV-infected population. The future research is to focus not only on how sexual relations and relationships of HIV-positive women are manifested, but also on how health care system is to provide adequate support to women in relation with sexuality and reproduction. The purpose of study was to apply analysis of current research on sexuality, sexual and contraceptive behavior and implementation of reproductive function in HIV-infected women and the conditions affecting this realization. The review of national and international scientific publications concerning such areas as gynecology, reproductive health, sexuality and reproductive behavior of HIV-positive women from indexed on-line journals and relevant websites using such search engines as PubMed and Google in 1997-2019.
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