Notes

Permanent magnet array-driven course-plotting associated with wireless millirobots inside gentle tissues.
Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a respiratory/ventilation procedure that is used to maintain or improve breathing in clinical and experimental cases that exhibit impaired lung function. Body fluid shift movement is not monitored during PEEP application in intensive care units (ICU), which would be interesting specifically in hypotensive patients. Brain injured and hypotensive patients are known to have compromised cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation (AR) but currently, there is no non-invasive way to assess the risk of implementing a hypotensive resuscitation strategy and PEEP use in these patients. The advantage of electrical bioimpedance measurement is that it is noninvasive, continuous, and convenient. Since it has good time resolution, it is ideal for monitoring in intensive care units (ICU). The basis of its future use is to establish physiological correlates. In this study, we demonstrate the use of electrical bioimpedance measurement during bleeding and the use of PEEP in pig measuremenCP correlation coefficient were high (R2 = 0.81) during CBF AR active status; 4) PRx and REGx reflected active CBF AR status. CBF AR monitoring with REG offers safety for patients by preventing decreased CBF and secondary brain injury. We used different types of bioimpedance instrumentation to identify physiologic responses in the different parts of the body (that have not been discussed before) and how the peripheral responses ultimately lead to decreased cardiac output and changes in the head. These bioimpedance methods can improve ICU monitoring, increase the adequacy of therapy, and decrease mortality and morbidity.Due to the possibilities in miniaturization and wearability, photoplethysmography (PPG) has recently gained a large interest not only for heart rate measurement, but also for estimating heart rate variability, which is derived from ECG by convention. The agreement between PPG and ECG-based HRV has been assessed in several studies, but the feasibility of PPG-based HRV estimation is still largely unknown for many conditions. In this study, we assess the feasibility of HRV estimation based on finger PPG during rest, mild physical exercise and mild mental stress. In addition, we compare different variants of signal processing methods including selection of fiducial point and outlier correction. Based on five minutes synchronous recordings of PPG and ECG from 15 healthy participants during each of these three conditions, the PPG-based HRV estimation was assessed for the SDNN and RMSSD parameters, calculated based on two different fiducial points (foot point and maximum slope), with and without outlier correction. The results show that HRV estimation based on finger PPG is feasible during rest and mild mental stress, but can give large errors during mild physical exercise. A good estimation is very dependent on outlier correction and fiducial point selection, and SDNN seems to be a more robust parameter compared to RMSSD for PPG-based HRV estimation.Human skin has been classified as a non-volatile memristor and it is shown that information can be stored within for at least three minutes. Here we investigate whether it is possible to store information up to 20 minutes. Furthermore, we investigate whether the information can be based on four different states, not just two (binary). We stored the information into the skin of the forehead of the test subjects under three different electrodes, which allows in principle for 64 different combinations (3 electrodes, 4 states) and one can think of numbers on the base of four. For this experiment, we decided on the numbers 1234 and 3024 (that correspond to numbers 27 and 50 in the decimal system). Writing of the different states was done by the application of DC voltage pulses that cause electro-osmosis in the sweat ducts (nonlinear electrical measurements). Based on our results, we were not able to distinguish between four different states. However, we can show that binary information storage in human skin is possible for up to 20 minutes.Karate, a millennial martial art, was recently inserted among traditional Olympic combat sports for the Olympic Games in Japan. The aim of the present study is to determine, through bioimpedance analysis, the body composition of high-performance athletes participating in the São Paulo Olympic Karate Project. Participants were 22 athletes of both sexes, average age of 23.6 (6.0) years old, body mass of 66.6 (13.5) kg and fat percentage of 16.6 (5.5)%. Bioimpedance test indicated significant differences between sexes related to sexual dysmorphia, which had an impact on bioelectrical variables. Through comparative evaluation between male and female athletes, this study contributes to body composition analysis, indicating that, in the future, related bioimpedance tests should be used beyond their classical application, including phase angle, muscle function and other attributes.Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a low-cost noninvasive imaging method. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the main aspects of the EIT method and to review the recent advances and developments. The advances in instrumentation and in the different image reconstruction methods and systems are demonstrated in this review. The main applications of the EIT are presented and a special attention made to the papers published during the last years (from 2015 until 2020). The advantages and limitations of EIT are also presented. In conclusion, EIT is a promising imaging approach with a strong potential that has a large margin of progression before reaching the maturity phase.Left ventricular (LV) apical hypoplasia is a rare restrictive cardiomyopathy subtype with an unclear pathophysiology. LV apical hypoplasia typically presents with elongated right ventricle (RV) wrapping around a truncated and spherical LV with a deficient apex (the "banana-shape" of the RV). Here we report a case of a young boy with apparent LV apical hypoplasia that developed after birth; no "banana-shaped" RV was observed during the fetal period. Moreover, suprasystemic pulmonary hypertension (PH) developed even after a mitral valve replacement was performed for progressive mitral stenosis and regurgitation at 14 months of age. He underwent surgery for the Potts shunt, a shunt between the pulmonary artery and aorta, at 13 years to secure systemic output. His PH ameliorated and his heart failure remained stable for 3 years after the operation. This case indicates that the "banana-shaped" RV seen in this condition is not always congenital but that it can form and develop after birth. Furthermore, this case supports the usefulness of the Potts shunt as a therapeutic option in patients with severe PH due to LV apical hypoplasia. .The current pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues affecting millions of people worldwide. Various cardiovascular manifestations have been associated with COVID-19 but only a few case reports of Brugada syndrome in acute respiratory syndrome by SARS-CoV-2 were published. The diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment remain a challenge and represent a concern in terms of management in this population. We describe a case of a 66-year-old patient with COVID-19 presenting a coved type-1 Brugada pattern in electrocardiogram. Drug challenge was performed for the diagnosis of Brugada syndrome and electrophysiological study for risk stratification. .Despite high drop-out rates from vocational education and training (VET) throughout most countries and a long research tradition on potential drop-out reasons, little is known about the effects exerted on drop-out intentions by the quality of training. Furthermore, only rarely do scholars distinguish between different drop-out directions, and systematic insights on possibly differing causes are scarce. This study explores the factors influencing four directions of drop-out intention ('upwards', 'downwards', 'company change', 'occupation change'). Linear regression modelling is used to analyse survey data on the motivation, socio-demographic aspects and competency of 562 trainees as industrial management assistants in Germany and on how they perceived the training quality. The results show that different directions of drop-out intention stem from various factors, with training quality in general having the largest effect. Additionally, the findings indicate a two-tier-scheme of influence factors, 'core' and 'direction-typical' factors.Jhum is a swidden agriculture agroforestry system indigenous to India. TP-0184 price It enriches crop diversity and dietary diversity, helping to ensure food security and nutrition. However, jhum is now being rapidly abandoned in favour of intensive agriculture, often involving monoculture. Such changes in land use are a major threat to local food security. Based on a survey of 97 households in four villages of the West Garo Hills in the state of Meghalaya in north-eastern India, jhum and the corresponding food diversity (as maintained by the Garo indigenous communities) were examined. We used a mixed-methods approach to quantify the contribution to dietary diversity, and food and nutritional security. The jhum system of farming comprised of 39 crops and four indigenous breeds of livestock, which were categorized into five core food groups that sustain nutritional security and the food culture of indigenous people. The traditional food basket is supplemented with wild edible plants collected from fringes of forest and jhum fallows that are part of the system. The traditional foods of Garo communities, that are drawn almost entirely from locally available sources, are a significant part of local culture, and serve to reinforce conservation of biodiversity. The traditional food diversity guarded by indigenous people can serve as a basis for designing and implementing public policies aimed at ensuring food security of those regions that practise such systems, and more widely. Given this close interdependence between agrobiodiversity, culture, and livelihoods prevailing in the community, the present study recommended for keeping some area under traditional land use, supplemented with fresh measures to ensure its economic viability.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12571-021-01251-y.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12571-021-01251-y.The ongoing use of telehealth services following the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates its sustainability and how our health care system is transforming. To increase student learning, an asynchronous telehealth simulation as a learning strategy in an online advanced pharmacology course was developed. This innovative strategy allowed students to practice clinical decision-making and collaboration skills electronically to prepare them for the increased use of telehealth medicine. Integrating a prerecorded simulation-based experience using a web-based teleconference tool and embedding it within the Learning Management System is a simple, sustainable model for nursing faculty and students with various levels of technology proficiency.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most heterogeneous malignant tumors that have been discovered so far, which makes the prognostic prediction difficult. The hypoxia, angiogenesis, and immunity-related genes (HAIRGs) are closely related to the development of liver cancer. However, the prognostic and treatment effect of hypoxia, angiogenesis, and immunity-related genes in HCC continues to be further clarified.

The gene expression quantification data and clinical information in patients with liver cancer were downloaded from the TCGA database, and HAIRG signature was built by using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) technique. Patient from the ICGC database validated the model. Then, tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm was applied to estimate the clinical response to immunotherapy and the sensitivity of drugs was evaluated by the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC
).

The HAIRGs were identified between the HCC patients and normal patients in the TCGA database.
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