Notes

Micropatterns Fabricated through Photodimerization-Induced Diffusion.
ion measures for enterprise workers to reduce the impact of large-scale public health events like the COVID-19 on their quality of life.
Body mass index (BMI) is an accepted measurement that is widely used to quantify overweight and obesity at the population level. Previous studies have described the distribution variation of BMI through applying common statistical approaches, such as multiple linear or logistic regression analyses. This study proposed that associations between BMI and socioeconomic characteristics, diet, and lifestyle factors varied across the conditional BMI distribution.

This study was based on a sample of 10,023 Chinese adults who participated in the monitoring of chronic diseases and associated risk factors in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China, in 2013. Cross-quantile factors were observed in the relationships between major risk factors and BMI through quantile regression (QR) and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression.

Participants' mean BMI was 24.19 ± 3.51 kg/m
(range 14.33-52.82 kg/m
). The QR results showed that living in urban areas was associated with BMI in the low and central quantiles (10th-60th). Participants with 6-9 years of education were 0.23-0.38 BMI units higher in the first half of the BMI quantiles compared with those with ≤6 years of education. There was a positive association between consumption of red meat and BMI; however, the association diminished from the 10th to the 50th quantile. Intake of oil and alcohol were positively associated with all BMI quantiles. Cigarette smoking per day was negatively associated with BMI, which showed a U-shaped distribution. The above results were also observed in the OLS.

This study implies that in addition to socioeconomic characteristics, limiting oil and alcohol intake may decrease BMI score. Consuming more red meat could be a strategy to increase BMI.
This study implies that in addition to socioeconomic characteristics, limiting oil and alcohol intake may decrease BMI score. Consuming more red meat could be a strategy to increase BMI.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among non-communicable diseases in South Africa. Several metabolic risk factors contribute to the development of CVD. Informal workers such as waste pickers could be unhealthy lifestyle naive, and most public health research on CVD does not include this understudied population. This study estimated the 10-year risk of fatal CVD and its association with metabolic risk factors in an understudied study population of waste pickers in Johannesburg, South Africa.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among waste pickers in two landfill sites in Johannesburg. We used the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) risk charts to estimate the 10-year risk of fatal CVD. We then employed ordinary least squares regression to assess the association between the 10-year risk of fatal CVD with metabolic risk factors. Other variables adjusted in the regression model were HIV status, education, income, injuries from work, clinic visits in the previous 12months, ase metabolic risk factors. We further recommend that health systems should recognize waste pickers as a high-risk group and consider extensive CVDs surveillance.
Prevention of 10-year risk of fatal CVD in this understudied population of waste pickers should target the control of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Health awareness and education for waste pickers will be an important step in reducing the burden of these metabolic risk factors. We further recommend that health systems should recognize waste pickers as a high-risk group and consider extensive CVDs surveillance.
Cardiac output (CO) is a key measure of adequacy of organ and tissue perfusion, especially in critically ill or complex surgical patients. CO monitoring technology continues to evolve. Recently developed CO monitors rely on unique algorithms based on pulse contour analysis of an arterial blood pressure (ABP) waveform. The objective of this investigation was to compare the accuracy of two monitors using different methods of pulse contour analysis - the Retia Argos device and the Edwards Vigileo-FloTrac device - with pulmonary artery catheter (PAC)-thermodilution as a reference.

Fifty-eight patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery formed the study cohort. A total of 572 triplets of CO measurements from each device - Argos, Vigileo-FloTrac (third generation), and thermodilution - were available before and after interventions (e.g., vasopressors, fluids, and inotropes). Bland-Altman analysis accounting for repeated measurements per subject and concordance analysis were applied to assess theomparison with CO measured by the PAC, the Argos device proved to be more accurate than the Vigileo-FloTrac device in CO trending and absolute CO measurement in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.
Assessment of quality of life is needed to assess therapeutic response. There is currently no instrument available for assessing the quality of life of chronic urticaria patients in Indonesia. read more CU-Q2oL is a specific questionnaire for chronic urticaria that was first developed in Italian. Validity and reliability tests are important to ensure that the language or term used are appropriate to the local culture and there is no change in the validity and reliability of the questionnaire.

The aim of this study is to develop an Indonesian version of CU-Q2oL.

The Italian version CU-Q2oL was translated into Indonesian and underwent cross-cultural adaptation. The translated questionnaire was completed online by 40 chronic urticaria patients of the Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic of the Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Validity test resulted in correlation coefficient values for all questions of 0.467 to 0.856. Reliability test showed a Cronbach's α coefficient of all questions of 0.923 and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for all questions was 0.913.

This study demonstrates that the Indonesian CU-Q2oL questionnaire is valid, reliable, and suitable to assess the quality of life of chronic urticaria patients in Indonesia.
This study demonstrates that the Indonesian CU-Q2oL questionnaire is valid, reliable, and suitable to assess the quality of life of chronic urticaria patients in Indonesia.
The clinical and immunological efficacy of preseasonal allergoid immunotherapy has been previously investigated, however, studies comparing the effectiveness of the two protocols are limited in the literature.

The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and immunological efficacy of pre-seasonal and perennial allergoid immunotherapy.

This is a prospective cross sectional two-arm study. During the season; symptom and medication scores were filled. Before and at the end of the season; RQLQ was applied, Phl p sIgE, sIgG4 and IL-10 levels were measured.

In preseasonal group patients had better symptom control for most of the weeks, particularly during the peak pollen period (April w-2 & w-4, p = 0.04; May w-2, p = 0.02; June w-1, w-2, p = 0.02; w-3, w-5, p = 0.03; July w-2, p = 0.01; w-3, p = 0.02; w-4, p = 0.04). In the perennial group, sIgG4 [1st time point preseasonal 0.02 mgA/L vs perennial 0.13 mgA/L (p < 0.0001); 2nd time point preseasonal 0.52 mgA/L vs perennial 0.33 mgA/L; 3rd time point preseasonal 0.04 mgA/L vs perennial 0.12 mgA/L (p < 0.0001)] and IL-10 (1st time point preseasonal 1.45 pg/ml vs perennial 2.03 pg/ml; 2nd time point preseasonal 2.29 pg/ml vs perennial 2.19 pg/ml; 3rd time point preseasonal 2.32 pg/ml vs perennial 2.16 pg/ml) levels were higher and more stable.

Preseasonal immunotherapy provided better control of symptoms throughout the pollen season. However, the blocking antibody response was stronger and more permanent in the perennial immunotherapy group.
Preseasonal immunotherapy provided better control of symptoms throughout the pollen season. However, the blocking antibody response was stronger and more permanent in the perennial immunotherapy group.
Pollen of grasses in Chloridoideae and Panicoideae subfamilies is a major source of grass group-1 allergens in tropical/subtropical areas. Previously, most studies of subtropical grass pollen allergens have focused on Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass-Chloridoideae) and Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass-Panicoideae). However, little information is available about allergenicity of pollen from Zoysia matrella (Manila grass or Zoysia grass-Chloridoideae), which is among the most popular turfgrasses in tropical/subtropical areas.

This study aimed to investigate the IgE reactivity and cross-reactivity of grass group-1 allergen from Z. matrella. In addition, the clinical relevance of Z. matrella in comparison with other species was assessed.

IgE reactivity and cross-reactivity between recombinant proteins of group-1 allergen from Z. matrella (Zoy m 1) and C. dactylon (Cyn d 1) were determined by ELISA and immunoblot assays. Clinical relevance of Z. matrella pollen in Thai atopic patients was assessed using its pollen crude extract for skin-prick test, in comparison with extracts from four other pollen species.

The Zoy m 1 had high IgE binding and could interfere with binding to C. dactylon crude extract. In addition, Z. matrella pollen extract elicited positive skin-prick test results comparable to previously reported allergenic species. Group-1 grass pollen allergen was confirmed to be a major allergen from Z. matrella among Thai atopic patients and was officially designated Zoy m 1.0101.

Zoy m 1 allergen is a major allergen from Z. matrella that cross-reacts with other group-1 grass pollen allergens in the tropical/subtropical region.
Zoy m 1 allergen is a major allergen from Z. matrella that cross-reacts with other group-1 grass pollen allergens in the tropical/subtropical region.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is a treatment option for selected patients with severe AD sensitization to house dust mites (HDM).

To report the first case of successful treatment with HDM sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets in patients with severe AD.

A Thai male patient with HDM sensitization and severe AD who had not responded to topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors underwent 1 month of HDM subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), after which his skin symptoms were minimally improved. He lost follow-up SCIT and the symptoms worsened, with large wheal lesions appearing at the SCIT injection site, so we decided to switch from SCIT to HDM SLIT tablets.

After the SLIT treatment, the AD and skin lesions improved and the medication could be stopped.

HDM SLIT might be an alternative treatment in patients with HDM sensitization and severe AD who are refractory to conventional treatment.
HDM SLIT might be an alternative treatment in patients with HDM sensitization and severe AD who are refractory to conventional treatment.
Laboratory animal allergy (LAA) has not been sufficiently investigated, although LAA is a relatively common work-related condition and important occupational hazard.

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of LAA and analyze the diagnostic value of serum specific IgE (sIgE) using the skin prick test (SPT) as a comparative standard.

Korean laboratory animal researchers who attended an annual symposium were requested to answer questionnaires regarding demographic characteristics, laboratory animal exposure, and symptoms related to laboratory animal exposure. A total of 213 participants underwent a SPT with mouse and rat epithelial allergen extract. We measured sIgE against rodent urine, epithelium, and serum allergens from 63 participants. SPT outcome served as the comparison method.

Among 223 participants, 213 had direct/indirect exposure to mice or rats, and 30% and 14% of them complained of allergic symptoms after exposure to mouse and rat, respectively. Sensitization rates were 28% for mouse epithelium and 23% for rat epithelium.
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