Notes

Manufacturing associated with Weak C-Axis Preferred AlN Skinny Film for Heat Rating.
The results have important significance for the understanding of coastal eukaryotic community, their interaction network, and build a foundation for future management and protection of coastal water quality.Feeding problems are prevalent in children with ASD. We investigated whether the Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale (MCH-FS, Ramsay et al. in Pediatrics and Child Health 16147-151, 2011) can be used for young children with ASD. Participants (1-6 years) were selected from a clinical ASD sample (n = 80) and a general population sample (n = 1389). Internal consistency was good in both samples. In general, parents of children with ASD reported more feeding problems than those from the population sample. The response patterns on the individual items was highly similar. There was a slight increase in symptoms with age in the population sample, but not in the ASD sample. These results suggest that the MCH-FS can be used in populations that include children with ASD.The study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and the anti-inflammatory activity of the hydroethanolic rhizomes, stems, and leaf extracts of Renealmia petasites using in vitro and in vivo assays. The chemical composition of the extracts was characterized in a linear iron trap mass spectrometer. Total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content were determined by spectrophotometry analyses. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was investigated in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages evaluating the influence on the production of superoxide anion (O2-), nitric oxide (NO), and the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In vivo effects were determined using the air pouch model in which were inoculated carrageenan and thereafter treated with 50 mg/kg of the hydroethanolic extracts of R. petasites. After 4 and 24 h, the cellular influx, protein exudation, cytokines, and nitric oxide were evaluated. Eight compounds were tentatively identified in the R. petasites extracts, suggesting five diarylheptanoids, one flavonoid, and two fatty alcohols. The in vitro results showed that the extracts were capable of blocking free radicals and/or inhibiting their intracellular actions by inhibiting the production of important mediators of the inflammatory process, such as NO, O2-, TNF-α, and IL-6. In vivo, R. petasites significantly decrease the influx of leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, protein exudation, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 concentration in the air pouch model. The results evidenced that R. petasites can be considered a promising alternative therapy for the treatment and management of osteoarthritis and other inflammatory diseases.This study aims to evaluate the analgesic and modulating effect of Curcuma longa and Miconia albicans herbal medicines in knee's osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. This longitudinal study evaluated 24 patients with OA. The patients were divided into three groups ibuprofen (1200 mg/day), C. longa (1000 mg/day) and M. albicans (1000 mg/day). The medications were applied orally for 30 days. The synovial fluid of the knee joint was collect at the first (day 0) and the last medical (day 30) consultation. The groups treated with herbal medicines presented the same results when compared to Ibuprofen. The comparison of the means of Total WOMAC for M. albicans before and after treatment presented a statistically significant difference (mean day 0 = 57.19; mean day 30 = 31.02) as well as variation of Total WOMAC for C. longa (mean day 0 = 54.79; mean day 30 = 37.08). The WOMAC Total and the VASP were compared, it was found that there was a significant decrease in the means in the C. SZL P1-41 inhibitor longa and M. albicans groups, as well as in the Ibuprofen group after treatment. The study demonstrated that the treatment of knee OA with C. longa or M. albicans positively interferes with patients pain and functionality, decreased WOMAC and VASP scores, leading to functional improvement of these patients. This is the first clinical study demonstrating the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect on knee osteoarthritis from M. albicans comparable to Ibuprofen drug.Orbital subperiosteal hemorrhage in the absence of facial fractures is uncommon. We report an unusual case of spontaneous bilateral orbital subperiosteal hemorrhage from a thoracoabdominal crush injury. To our knowledge, this is the second case report of this entity occurring in the setting of thoracic compression. Recognition and management of orbital subperiosteal hemorrhage is important to prevent optic nerve compromise and blindness.
The aim of this study was to assess the perceived value and impact of a hands-on mock call simulation program on resident confidence with interpretation of emergency department overnight call cases.

A five-session course was implemented in June of 2018 for rising PGY-3/R2 residents to mimic the experience of overnight call with indirect supervision. Sessions were led by senior residents in the program and consisted of timed, independent interpretation of 15-20 high-yield cases per day which highlighted "do-not miss" critical findings and simulated workflow interruptions including phone calls, consultations, and questions from technologists. IRB-approved, and anonymous pre- and post-course surveys were administered to participants which assessed residents' degree of confidence in interpretation of on-call cases and comparison of the mock call experience with existing preparatory strategies. Survey responses were analyzed using McNemar's test and Mann-Whitney U test.

Our survey response rate was 91% (29/32). After completing the mock call simulation, there was a significant increase in the mean Likert score of resident confidence levels and feelings of preparedness from 4.59 to 7.38 (p < 0.01). The majority of respondents (72.4% [21/29]) felt that the mock call simulation was "extremely useful." One hundred percent of respondents indicated that the mock call simulation should be implemented for the following year.

Implementation of a hands-on mock call simulation significantly improves the confidence levels of radiology residents before assuming on-call responsibilities and may serve as an adjunct to existing preparatory strategies.
Implementation of a hands-on mock call simulation significantly improves the confidence levels of radiology residents before assuming on-call responsibilities and may serve as an adjunct to existing preparatory strategies.Pediatric stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) are uncommon but true emergencies with a wide differential diagnosis. Diagnostic imaging plays a critical role in differentiating the diverse range of etiologies. In this case, we report a 3-year-old female with no medical history who developed acute neurological deficits and demonstrate how adjunct advanced imaging including susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) can play a significant diagnostic role in the emergent setting. Imaging was performed with a Philips Ingenia 3.0T MRI. MRI brain, MR angiography (MRA), and phase contrast angiography MR Venography (PCA-MRV) were obtained. pCASL and SWI sequences were performed using SENSE (sensitivity encoding) parallel imaging techniques. MRI/MRA brain showed no restricted diffusion, abnormal T1/T2/FLAIR signal, arterial occlusion, or irregular angioarchitecture. SWI revealed increased susceptibility along the posterior falx cerebri and right posterior parietal and occipital lobes, and pCASL showed decreased blood flow within these same regions. No falcine sinus was visualized on PCA-MRV, but SWI and pCASL findings led to diagnosis of falcine sinus thrombosis and initiation of appropriate treatment. Repeat MRI one month later showed interval resolution of the abnormal SWI findings and a now patent persistent falcine sinus visualized on PCA-MRV imaging. Routine use of SWI imaging on all brain MRIs and addition of pCASL imaging when there is concern for ischemia or infarction in the emergent setting can limit the risk of missed occult diagnoses like a thrombosed falcine sinus.
The purpose of this study is to examine the incidence, location, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) and spinal subdural hematoma (SSH) in post-traumatic ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.

A total of 2256 consecutive referrals for urgent and emergency MRI scans of the spine over a period of eight years and ninemonths were manually reviewed for any mentions indicating axial ankylosis and post-traumatic spinal hematoma. We found 164 patients with ankylosed spines complicated by spinal fracture, of whom 32 had AS. Of the 132 excluded patients, 80 had diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). The primary outcome was the presence of spinal hematoma, and the secondary outcome was spinal canal narrowing and spinal cord impingement. Two musculoskeletal radiologists and one fellow in musculoskeletal radiology reviewed the images for the presence of spinal hematoma and related signal characteristics, blinded to one another and initial reports.

Of 28 post-traumatic AS patients, 19 had SEHs and five had spinal SSHs. There was a statistically significant difference between Frankel grades before and after surgery in respect of neurological improvement (p = 0.008). Patients who had radiologically proven spinal cord impingement showed more severe neurological deficits (p = 0.012). Hematomas with T1 heterogeneity showed a significantly increased delay (p = 0.047) between injury and imaging, while other signal characteristics were only approximate.

Both SEH and SSH are common complications in post-traumatic AS patients. Patients benefit from surgery, but the relevance of spinal hematoma as a separate factor causing neurological deficit remains unclear.
Both SEH and SSH are common complications in post-traumatic AS patients. Patients benefit from surgery, but the relevance of spinal hematoma as a separate factor causing neurological deficit remains unclear.The use of Erianthus arundinaceus as a trap plant in association with sugarcane reduces populations of the spotted sugarcane stalk borer Chilo sacchariphagus (Bojer) (Lepidoptera Crambidae). This grass acts as a dead-end trap crop because it is the preferred plant for oviposition relative to sugarcane, and it precludes larval development. We explored the chemical mechanisms involved in host choice by C. sacchariphagus. We showed that the insect's antennal receptors are particularly sensitive to the shared compounds found in the volatile emissions produced by sugarcane and E. arundinaceus. In accordance with their phylogenetic proximity, the two plant species share many physicochemical properties, which suggests that C. sacchariphagus has few sensory cues to differentiate between the two. The terpene (E)-β-ocimene is constitutively emitted by E. arundinaceus, but not by sugarcane. It elicits an electroantennographic response and behavioral responses from female C. sacchariphagus in Y-tube bioassays. Our study suggests that the sensory confusion between host plants, combined with a marginal sensory difference orienting the choice of an egg-laying site, constitutes a mechanism that is relevant to trap cropping. Systems based on this type of mechanism could provide long-term protection for crops vulnerable to insect pests.
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