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Learning how to diagnose properly by way of electronic sufferers: do expression periods come with an additional benefit?
Hydrogen sulfide is one of the most important signal transduction molecules in the body. Its anabolism and catabolism in the gastrointestinal tract(GT) are extremely high, and its role in the physiological and pathological process of the GT is fairly complicated. The study reviewed recent literature on hydrogen sulfide and GT, and proposed that hydrogen sulfide exerted dual modulating effects in the GT; specifically, it promoted the functions of the GT at low concentrations while damaged the GT at high concentrations. Hydrogen sulfide donors or metabolic modifiers exerted their therapeutic effects by restoring the metabolic homeostasis of hydrogen sulfide, and extended their efficacy to other tissues through hydrogen sulfide related gut-axis. Additionally, drugs could deviate hydrogen sulfide metabolism from the normal state due to their instability of structure, local over exposure and/or excessive pharmacological effects, thus inducing toxic and side effects or transforming therapeutic effects into toxic and side effects. This study provided references for the deep research on physiological and pathological mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide and facilitated the development of hydrogen sulfide-related drugs and discovery of their toxicity and efficacy mechanism.As one of the most advanced technologies, single-cell omics technology develops rapidly in recent years. Based on different technical strategies, it enables unbiased and high-throughput access to multiple omics information at single-cell resolution. So far, single-cell omics technology, by virtue of its great powder in resolving tissue heterogeneity, has become a revolutionary tool to deeply understand the functional structure of tissues, reveal complex disease processes, and elucidate drug mechanisms of action. In view of the technical challenges in deconstructing the complexity of Chinese medicine and clarifying the modern scientific connotation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory, single-cell omics technology has huge application potential in the discovery of pharmacodynamic substances, construction of action networks, and elucidation of integrated regulatory mechanisms, which brings new opportunities for modern research in TCM. The present study briefly introduced three representative single-cell omics technologies, i.e., single-cell transcriptome sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and single-cell multimodal omics, and their main application patterns. On this basis, an outlook was proposed on the strategies and applications for modern research in TCM using single-cell omics technology.
To explore the responsiveness and minimal clinically important differences of the five times sit-to-stand test in ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury.

This six-month prospective cohort study was conducted in 109 individuals with spinal cord injury who could walk with or without a walking device for at least 10 meters. Participants were assessed for the five times sit-to-stand test in the four arm-placement conditions and standard measures to determine responsiveness of the test, at baseline, and one, three, and six months. At six months, participants were also interviewed for the global rating of change to estimate the minimal clinically important differences of the five times sit-to-stand test.

The five times sit-to-stand test showed large internal responsiveness (standardized response means>0.83), with moderate external responsiveness as compared to the 10-meter walk test (
 = -0.28 to -0.48,
 < 0.005). The changes in the outcomes
2.27 and
2 s could be used to indicate a level of minimal clinically important change for participants who executed the test with and without hands, respectively.

The five times sit-to-stand test is a responsiveness measure for ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury. The levels of minimal clinically important differences found in this study (
2.27 and
2 s) can be applied as a useful benchmark for the decision of clinically relevant changes over time for these individuals.
2 s) can be applied as a useful benchmark for the decision of clinically relevant changes over time for these individuals.The causes of traffic accidents include sudden cardiovascular disease events of drivers that go undetected in routine physical examinations of their health. While increased attention has been paid to proactive driver management by the frequent monitoring of drivers' mental and physical condition to avoid such events, very few studies have examined the deeper risk factors that influence the cardiovascular health of bus drivers represented by workload and scheduling. To fill this knowledge gap, this study adopts a data mining approach to exploring the factors influencing the cardiovascular health of intercity bus drivers using their daily cardiovascular measurement data along with their schedules and routine physical examination results. Ten influencing factors were identified, including medical history, late-night habits and afternoon and evening driving schedules. The present findings will be useful for preventing accidents where cardiovascular disease is involved, which in turn will help improve transit safety.As China is implementing the policy of "Announcement on Ending the Pilot Work of Chinese medicine formula gra-nules", the standard of Chinese medicine formula granules has gradually become the focus of industry development. Up to now, 196 national drug standards for Chinese medicine formula granules have been published by China, which guaranteed the production quality of Chinese medicine formula granules. However, there are still several challenges such as the rational application of national drug standards and the enrichment and improvement of varieties. The basic content of the issued national drug standards for Chinese medicine formula granules was analyzed and compared with the quality standard provisions of the corresponding decoction pieces in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition) in this paper. This paper discussed the main characteristics of paste-forming rate of each medicinal raw materials, "quantity-quality" transformation, equivalent ratio, and so on, and clarified the characteristics of the national standard for Chinese medicine formula granules. This paper provided references for achieving the unified quality control and meeting the overall quality requirements of Chinese medicine formula granules.Chinese Pharmacopoeia is an important part of drug standards in China, and it is also a legal basis that must be strictly followed in drug development, production, operation, application, and management. The information on prescriptions, preparation methods, properties, identification, inspection, content determination, functions and indications, usage and dosage, precautions, specifications, and storage of Chinese patent medicine preparations included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(Vol.Ⅰ) was clarified. The "Preparation Method" section describes the preparation process of Chinese patent medicine from decoction pieces to finished preparations in detail and specifies the preparation production methods and parameters, which has a good guiding and standardizing effect on the production of Chinese patent medicine in China. The present study summarized the preparation methods of Chinese patent medicine preparations and single drug preparations contained in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition, Vol.Ⅰ) in stages and analyzed the common preparation methods and technical parameters of Chinese patent medicine preparations, which is helpful to understand the current situation of Chinese patent medicine production technology in China and can provide references for the development of new Chinese medicine, the transformation of large varieties of Chinese patent medicine, and the optimization of preparation process of Chinese patent medicine in the market.This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) injections on anthracycline-induced cardiac injury. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, and other databases were electronically retrieved to gather randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of TCM injections against anthracycline-induced cardiac injury from their inception to September 2021. After two research fellows independently screened the literature and extracted the data, the risk of bias of included RCTs was assessed and network Meta-analysis was performed by R 4.1.0 and Stata 15.1. A total of 50 RCTs were included, involving eight TCM injections. Network Meta-analysis showed that(1)the combination of anthracyclines with Huachansu Injection might be the optimal treatment to reduce the abnormal electrocardiogram.(2)The combination with Shenfu Injection might be the optimum treatment to ameliorate the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) decrease.(3)The combination with Shenqi Fuzheng Injection might reduce the incidence of cardiotoxicity most satisfactorily.(4)The combination with Xinmailong Injection might improve the elevated cardiac troponin I(cTnI) optimally.(5)The combination with Shenmai Injection might be optimal to control the rise of creatine kinase MB isoenzyme(CK-MB).(6)The combination with Kushen Injection might be the regimen with the lowest gastrointestinal reactions. TCM injections had desirable effect on anthracycline-induced cardiac injury, with low incidence of adverse reactions, and each TCM injection had its own unique advantages. Due to the limitations in quality and methodological conduct of the included studies, more high-level RCTs are needed to validate the conclusions.This study aims to obtain higher-level evidence by overviewing the Meta-analysis of Lianhua Qingwen preparations in the treatment of viral diseases including influenza, coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), and hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD). CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, China Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR), PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for the Meta-analysis about the treatment of viral diseases with Lianhua Qingwen preparations from the database establishment to April 1, 2022. After literature screening and data extraction, AMSTAR2 and the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluations(GRADE) system were used to assess the methodological quality and evidence quality, respectively, and then the efficacy and safety outcomes of Lianhua Qingwen preparations in the treatment of viral diseases were summarized. Thirteen Meta-analysis were finally included, three of which were rated as low grade by AMSTAR2 and ten as very low grade. A total of 75 outcome indicatorsdrug withdrawal. The available evidence suggests that in the treatment of influenza, COVID-19, and HFMD, Lianhua Qingwen preparations can relieve the clinical symptoms, shorten the hospitalization time, and improve the chest CT. They have therapeutic effect and good safety in the treatment of viral diseases. Hormones inhibitor However, due to the low quality of available studies, more high-quality clinical trials are needed to support the above conclusions.The present study conducted a systematic review and Meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of Biyuan Tongqiao Granules in the treatment of chronic sinusitis. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of Biyuan Tongqiao Granules in the treatment of chronic sinusitis. The quality of the included RCTs was assessed according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool and the final included trials underwent Meta-analysis with RevMan 5.4.1. Fifty-four RCTs were included, with a total sample size of 7 278 cases. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the clinical efficacy of Biyuan Tongqiao Granules alone or in combination in the experimental group in the treatment of chronic sinusitis was superior to that in the control group with conventional western medicine, Chinese medicinal preparations, or surgery only(RR=1.19, 95%CI[1.15, 1.24], P<0.000 01). The combined use of Biyuan Tongqiao Granules on the basis of the control group was superior to the control group in improving the main symptoms and signs of chronic sinusitis [RR_(nasal congestion)=1.
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