Notes

Logistic matrix factorisation and generative adversarial nerve organs network-based method for guessing drug-target connections.
More research is needed to clarify the effects of childhood trauma on OCD severity and comorbidity. Copyright © 2020 Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society.Introduction In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of uric acid on the disease, its severity and progression in ET patients with partially co-clinical features with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods Serum UA levels of 87 consecutive ET patients were measured and were matched according to age and sex with 87 healthy controls. Fahn-Tolosa-Marin scale was used for the severity of tremor. Sociodemographic characteristics, type of ET, duration of disease, and treatment modalities were evaluated. Results The mean uric acid level was calculated as 4.986±2.1458 mg/dL and 6.004±1.523 mg/dL in the patient and control groups, respectively (p≤0.005). The blood UA level of patients with sporadic (n 61) ET was found to be lower than the familial ET (n 26) (p≤0.005). The tremor severity of the family ET patients was lower than the sporadic ET. (n 61) (p≤0.005). The mean blood UA level (4.429±1.216 mg/dL) in the patients with high total tremor severity scores (n 48) was found lower than in the patients with low total tremor severity scores (n 39) (5.673±2.106 mg/dL) (P=0.000). The serum UA level was significantly lower in the patients whose disease duration longer than 5 years than in patients whose duration of the disease was shorter than 5 years. 5.732±1.240 for ≥5 years; 6.438±0.286≤5 years) (P=0.001). Conclusion We hypothesize that as a result of high antioxidant properties of high serum uric acid levels, it is a biomarker that can show disease risk and progression in patients with ET as well as PD. Copyright © 2020 Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society.Introduction "Depressive disorder with mixed features" has been included in the official classification in the latest version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Hypothesizing that difficulties in emotion regulation and affective temperament scores are higher in mixed depression comparing to pure depression, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between these phenomena and mixed symptoms. Methods Depressive patients diagnosed by a psychiatrist according to the DSM-5 and had not received any psychiatric treatment for the last 3 months, were included in the study. The Hamilton Rating Scale (HDRS), modified Hypomania Checklist (mHCL), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and the TEMPS-A (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionaire) were applied to all participants. Results Of the 63 participants, 40 (63.5%) were women. The mean age was 37.8±12.4 years while mean duration of education was 10.8±4.3 years. The proportion of mixed-depression assessed by the mHCL was 23.8% (n=15). No significant difference was found between the groups concerning gender, age, family history, age at onset of illness, the total number of episodes and temperament scores. Depressive patients with mixed features had significantly higher DERS nonacceptance subscale scores. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the cyclothymic temperament scale scores significantly affected the total mHCL scores. Conclusion In mixed depression group, higher scores in nonacceptance subscale seems to reflect a tendency to fluctuations in the emotional reactions of a person to the stress. Association between mixed depression, DERS nonacceptance subscale and cyclothymic temperament support the spectrum view that mixed depression is placed between pure depression and bipolarity. Copyright © 2020 Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society.Introduction Psycho-behavioral studies have shown that sympathetic skin response (SSR), which is an indicator of sympathetic function, is associated with emotional responses. It has been reported that SSR, which is claimed to be a biological indicator of empathy, has increased in Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between SSR and alexithymia, empathy in patients with SAD. Method SAD patients and control group were applied Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Empathy Quotient, Facial Emotion Identification and Discrimination tests (FID, FDSC); during the application FID, SSR were measured. The relationship between alexithymia and empathy levels were investigated. Results The number of SSR was higher in all visual stimuli of SAD patients (11.13±3.01) compared to the control group (7.4±3.57). More autonomous activity to negative stimuli (SAD 10.55±2.82, control 6.36±3.64), sensitivity to positive stimuli (SAD 0.58±0.69, control 1.03±0.8) was less than control group. While 41.7% of SAD patients had alexithymic features, 36.1% were diagnosed with depressive disorder. Conclusion It was thought that depressive and alexithymic features may have contributed to increased sympathetic sensitivity to negative stimuli in SAD patients. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of this situation on the selection and creation of the treatment modalities. Copyright © 2020 Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society.Introduction Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) are at increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). Reliable biomarkers are required for objective identification of cognitive decline in PD. In this pilot study, serum levels of well-known mediators of neuroinflammation were measured in PD patients with or without MCI to find out the involvement of neuroinflammation and microglial activation in PD-MCI. Methods 36 PD-MCI, 25 PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC) and 19 healthy controls were recruited. Serum levels of NLR family pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1), NLRP3, caspase-1, NF-kB, IL-1b and IL-18 were measured by ELISA and a panel of neuropsychological tests was administered. learn more Results PD-MCI patients showed significantly reduced levels of NF-kB, IL-1b and IL-18, whereas NLRP1, NLRP3 and caspase-1 levels were comparable among PD-NC and PD-MCI patients. IL-18 levels were positively correlated with Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised and Symbol Digit Modalities Test scores. Conclusion Levels of several microglial activation mediators are reduced in PD-MCI patients inferring a protective role to certain inflammation factors against cognitive decline in PD. Copyright © 2020 Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society.Introduction Action naming is reported to be more damaged in patients with schizophrenia than object naming. Aim of this study is to understand the cortical mechanism underlying the negative symptoms seen in patients with schizophrenia such as inactivity, restricted behavioral repertoire, by using functional MRI (fMRI) to determine whether the action origin words have a different representation in the brain regions of patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals. Our hypothesis is that restriction in the repertoire of movement and behavior and the failure of words of "action" than words of "object" are interrelated through the same cortical mechanisms. If this hypothesis is correct, the reason for not taking action in patients with schizophrenia may be improper definition of the action (verb). Methods fMRI study was conducted with 12 patients with schizophrenia and 12 healthy individuals. fMRI recording was performed after applying positive and negative syndrome (PANSS) scale, Calgary depression scale,vation in patients with schizophrenia than healthy individuals. There is no difference between patients with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers in terms of correctly identified words and reaction time. Conclusion Considering the lack of difference between the groups in terms of number of correctly identified words and reaction time, and BA 44's role in recognition and imitation of action and being a part of the mirror neuron system, the significant inverse correlation between PANSS negative score and BA40 can be seen as an effort to compensate for BA44 inadequate activity through BA40. Copyright © 2020 Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society.Background Childhood injury is an increasing public health burden and considered a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this study, we identified the distribution and risk factors for fall-related child injuries at home in Ujjain, India. Methods A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 in Ujjain, India, which included 6308 children up to 18 years of age living in 2518 households. Data were collected using a pretested, semi-structured, proforma from the parents of the included children. Results The overall incidence of home injury was 7.78% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.12-8.84) in the last 1 year, ie, 2015-16. The incidence was significantly higher at 5-10 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 2.91, 95% CI 1.75-4.85; P 10; aOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.56-0.86; P less then 0.001 and aOR 0.67, CI 0.48-0.94; P less then 0.023, respectively), cooking area (combined vs separate; aOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68-1.00; P = 0.057), and whether mother is alive vs not alive (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.10-3.94; P = 0.023). Conclusion The incidence of fall injuries among children at home in Ujjain, India, was similar to other resource constraint settings. The incidence was higher in rural areas, in the age group of 5-10 years, and in families in which the mother was not alive. By contrast, large and combined families had a lower incidence of falls. © 2020 Pathak et al.Though peripheral blood eosinophilia is common due to allergic diseases, drugs, parasitic infections, and malignancies, it is rarely reported due to tuberculosis (TB). The association between eosinophilia and TB is not well known. We have a case of the 9-year-old female present with abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant which is non-radiating associated with decreased appetite, weight loss, malaise and low-grade fever and vomiting of ingested of two weeks. On examination, she had severe wasting and hepatomegaly. On investigations, she had leukocytosis with 50% of eosinophilia, high ESR, multiple liver cysts (abdominal ultrasound and CT) and biopsy suggestive of TB. Finally, the patient started on anti-TB and her response was followed by clinical and laboratory parameters. After three weeks of treatment with anti-TB, she starts to gain weight, improve abdominal pain, appetite loss, and the investigation also normalized (leukocyte and the eosinophil become normalized, ESR corrected). The patient was to follow up for two years in the clinic and finally discharged. The coexistence of eosinophilia and TB in our patient is suggested because of the biopsy results in conjunction with the improvement of peripheral blood eosinophilia with anti-TB treatment. This example hopefully will encourage future investigations and researchers to look at the prevalence and a clear association of TB and peripheral eosinophilia. © 2020 Haftu et al.Background Rheumatic fever continues to be a major public health problem in the developing world, being responsible for many morbidities and mortalities. Were it not for its serious effects on the cardiovascular system, and to some extent on the central nervous system, the disease might not have significant consequences. The central nervous system involvement is explained with Sydenham chorea in which case the patient manifests with purposeless and choreiform movements aggravated by stress. Apart from this movement disorder the patient will also demonstrate emotional liability and motor manifestations. It is seen more commonly in children and young adolescent girls. It usually manifests as an isolated phenomenon called pure chorea, without evidence of active rheumatic fever; the other rare form of which is a type of acute rheumatic fever. Clinical Description This case report is about a nine-year-old female child presenting with two weeks of complaint of abnormal purposeless, non-rhythmic movement of extremities and the face, with failure to communicate.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/l-mimosine.html