Notes

Prevalence as well as Correlates involving Pre-natal Depression, Nervousness and also Taking once life Behaviours inside the Volta Area of Ghana.
Data were analyzed using tests such as Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and logistic regression by SPSS 11.5.

About 18% and 19% of people in this study were regular hookah and cigarette smokers, respectively. There was significant difference between cigarette smoking and sex (
< 0.001) and marital status (
= 0.01). There was a statistically significant difference between stages of change in men and women from the point of cigarette smoking (
< 0.001). Male sex, hookah smoking, and alcohol abuse were predictors of PC, and age was the only predictor of termination stage for cigarette smoking. Sex did not have any role in hookah smoking.

Targeted education based on gender and marital status warrant attention. Community-wide education and interventions such as increasing the price of cigarettes are desired.
Targeted education based on gender and marital status warrant attention. Community-wide education and interventions such as increasing the price of cigarettes are desired.
To design instructions in health sciences education, it is highly relevant to heed the working memory and the approaches for managing cognitive load. In this article, we tried to mention the implications of cognitive load theory (CLT) for optimizing teaching-learning in health sciences education and discussing cognitive load from the perspective of cognitive neurosciences as brain-aware medical education.

We searched databases of Pubmed, Proquest, SCOPUS, and ISI Web of Science for relevant literature in September 1, 2018.

The 27 articles out of a total of 46 records, along with 23 papers from snowballing and hand searching were included in this study. Main items encompassed; "Various types of cognitive loads," "Aim of cognitive load theory," "Strategies to managing Cognitive Load," "Cognitive Load Theory in novice and experienced learners and "expertise reversal effect," Medical and Health Sciences Curriculums and Cognitive Load Theory," "Challenges of Cognitive Load Theory."

We discussed six important themes for CLT in health sciences education according to the literature. Mental imagery (visualization) as one of the useful techniques to optimize germane load was suggested, as it processes further gain access to neural circuits that are engaged in sensory, motor, executive, and decision-making pathways in the brain.
We discussed six important themes for CLT in health sciences education according to the literature. Mental imagery (visualization) as one of the useful techniques to optimize germane load was suggested, as it processes further gain access to neural circuits that are engaged in sensory, motor, executive, and decision-making pathways in the brain.
The concept of electronic health literacy has become a main focus of health-care professionals along with the increasing use of the Internet. In Iran, the Internet not yet has much impact on providing health services, and the physicians' and patients' community are now more willing to use the traditional method for diagnosing disease and prescribing medicines. This study aimed to determine the correlation between electronic health literacy, quality of life (QoL), and self-efficacy among Tehran citizens.

The present study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a correlation approach that was conducted on 400 clients of community health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Samples were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using E-Health Literacy Questionnaire (α = 0.88), 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (α = 0.73), and General Self-Efficacy Scale (α = 0.87). Analytic statistics were using by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviationd interventions.
Postpartum depression is a significant common health problem that has negative effects on mental and physical health of mothers and their infants. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being (SWB) and perceived social support with postpartum depression in new mothers.

Using a descriptive survey design, 200 mothers in the 4
-8
weeks after delivery, who referred to selected therapeutic centers in Qom Province, were selected by a convenience sampling method. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/SB-743921.html They were asked to answer the question of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, SWB Scale, and Farhangestan Spiritual Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and Chi-square.

The prevalence of postpartum depression in this group was 22%. Pearson correlation test showed that there was a negative correlation between high level of perceived social support and SWB with postpartum depression.

The findings of this study suggest that perceived social support and SWB have an important role in low depressive symptom in mothers during postpartum. This result can help health-care professionals to pay much attention to social support and SWB as a protective factor against postpartum depression in postpartum or pregnancy care programs.
The findings of this study suggest that perceived social support and SWB have an important role in low depressive symptom in mothers during postpartum. This result can help health-care professionals to pay much attention to social support and SWB as a protective factor against postpartum depression in postpartum or pregnancy care programs.
Despite the progress of health care and the application of new technology in the care of patients, the need to train highly skilled and specialized nurses is inevitable. Given that a master's degree in neonatal intensive care nursing has been recently established in Iran, the aim of the study was to explain the educational challenges of neonatal intensive care postgraduate nursing students in their perspective.

This conventional content analysis was performed by conducting semi-structured interviews with 18 students of neonatal intensive care in X University of Medical Sciences from 2018 to 2019. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. To establish the reliability and validity of findings, Graneheim and Landman criteria were considered.

Following the data analysis, two main categories were extracted "theoretical education challenges" and "clinical education challenges." The first main category was comprised of the following subcategories "detachment of nursing department and hospital," "defects in weekly scheduling," "combination of care and treatment approaches in education," "inconsistency between the content of theoretical courses," "limited collaboration between basic science and medical departments," "low number of lecturers," "lecturers' unrealistic expectations," and "the importance of the scoring system.
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