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La intervención educativa ayuda a aumentar el acuerdo entre los evaluadores para realizar una evaluación confiable de la asimetría nasal en pacientes con estos padecimientos.in English, Spanish Introducción El sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños de edad escolar se consideran un problema de salud pública en México. El objetivo de este estudio fue demostrar la asociación entre los rasgos del apetito y la presencia de obesidad, e identificar diferencias por sexo en niños que acuden a un hospital universitario. Métodos Se realizó un estudio de diseño transversal en 176 niños con obesidad y 175 niños con normopeso, pacientes del Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara y se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) de los participantes. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Conductas Alimentarias del Niño a los padres para evaluar ocho rasgos del apetito y se comparó el promedio de la puntuación de los rasgos del apetito entre niños con obesidad y normopeso, y entre sexos. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes y análisis de regresión con los rasgos del apetito y el puntaje Z del IMC. ACY-775 molecular weight Resultados El promedio de la puntuación de los rasgos del apetito que muestran inclinaciones positivas hacia los alimentos (proingesta) fue mayor en niños con obesidad (p less then 0.001), mientras que el promedio de los que muestran inclinaciones negativas hacia los alimentos (antiingesta) fue mayor en niños con normopeso (p less then 0.001). Los participantes de sexo masculino con normopeso presentaron mayor puntaje en los rasgos del apetito Respuesta a los alimentos, Sobrealimentación emocional y Deseo de beber (p less then 0.05). Conclusiones Los niños con obesidad muestran rasgos del apetito que pueden llevar a un mayor consumo de alimentos. Los participantes de sexo masculino con normopeso mostraron rasgos del apetito que podrían representar un riesgo de desarrollo de obesidad.in English, Spanish Introducción Los potenciales evocados auditivos (PEA) son la prueba neurofisiológica más utilizada para evaluar el desarrollo funcional del tronco encefálico auditivo en lactantes; además, permiten evaluar la audición para las frecuencias altas. Métodos Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. Se evaluaron los resultados de PEA de 186 lactantes (372 oídos) con antecedente de prematuridad. Se compararon la respuesta bioeléctrica, la morfología, la amplitud, las latencias I, III y V, los intervalos I-III, III-V y I-V y los umbrales auditivos en dos grupos de prematuros 0.05) para estas variables. La amplitud, la morfología y el intervalo I-V estuvieron más afectados en el grupo de prematuros less then 32 SEG (p less then 0.05). De los 372 oídos evaluados, se encontraron 275 con audición normal y 97 con algún grado de hipoacusia para las frecuencias altas, más frecuente en los pacientes less then 32 SEG (p less then 0.05). Conclusiones El desarrollo funcional del tronco cerebral auditivo fue similar entre los grupos de prematuros y dentro del rango normal para la edad corregida respectiva. La prematuridad produjo un incremento directamente proporcional y estadísticamente significativo en la frecuencia de hipoacusia para las frecuencias altas.AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the progression of changes in the visual fields in patients with hypertensive glaucoma (HTG) and normotensive glaucoma (NTG) following administration of prostaglandins and beta blockers, as well as also in NTG without ophthalmological therapy. METHODS The HTG group included 12 patients (mean age 66 years) with approximately the same changes in the visual field and central corneal thickness (CCT-568 um) treated with prostaglandins, and 12 patients (mean age 60 years, CCT=544 um) treated with beta-blockers. The IOP ranged from 12 to 18 mmHg for the whole follow-up period. The NTG group consisted of three subgroups. The first subgroup consisted of 14 patients (mean age 58 years) who were treated with prostaglandins. The second subgroup consisted of 10 patients (mean age 57 years) who were treated with beta blockers. The third subgroup consisted of 18 patients (mean age 57 years) who underwent no ophthalmological therapy. IOP was within the range of 8-12 mmHg over the whol Treatment of glaucoma with prostaglandins and beta blockers has a significant importance in HTG. However, beta blockers have a higher protective effect on the visual field. This is not true in NTG, where we demonstrated this effect only following the administration of beta blockers.Exercise oscillatory ventilation (EOV) is an ominous sign in heart failure due to reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) whatever it is represented. But EOV is detected also in normal healthy individuals and in other cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients, however, its prevalence in these is not completed clear. The aim was to describe the occurrence of EOV in healthy subjects and the overall population all CVD patients who performing symptom limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Healthy subjects were divided in athletes and normal subjects, while, CVD patients were subdivided into i) t hose with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); ii) those with mild to moderate impairment of LVEF (41-49%); iii) those with severe impairment of LVEF (≤40%); iv) HFrEF or with preserved LVEF (HFpEF); and iv) patients after heart transplantation (HXT). EOV was observed only in CVD patients and in those with depressed LVEF; the prevalence of EOV was observed 1.9% (3/55) those with mild to moderate impairment of LVEF (41-49%), 3.4% (56/1613) those with severe impairment of LVEF (≤40%), and 7.3% (214/2903) in HFrEF); no EOV was observed in CVD with preserved LVEF. Kremser's EOV was observed in patients, and, particularly, in those with systolic function impairment. Moreover, as EOV impacts prognosis in HFrEF, its occurrence can modify prognostic-decision models. Even though, EOV prevalence was derived from largest single center population, more studies are needed to tackle the EOV prevalence in different CVD conditions and in normal subjects.
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