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Comparison of Energy Ablation and Surgery with regard to Low-Risk Papillary Hypothyroid Microcarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Glebionis coronaria (Asteraceae) is widely distributed in China, and it regulates the stomach, strengthens the spleen, reduces blood pressure, and reinforces the brain. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome sequence of G. coronaria was reported. The total chloroplast genome cycle was 149,750 bp, and it formed a large single-copy (LSC, 82,290 bp), a small single-copy (SSC, 18,414 bp), and two inverted repeats (IR, 24,523 bp) regions. The GC content of this genome was 36.35%. The whole-genome contained 128 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that G. coronaria appeared within a clade comprised of Chrysanthemum species.Neomyia cornicina (Fabricius, 1781) (Diptera Muscidae) is considered to be an important dung-degrading species in Japan. In this study, we report the first mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of N. cornicina. The complete mitogenome of N. cornicina was 17,254 bp in length (GenBank accession No. MW592695), containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and a non-coding AT-rich region. Its nucleotide composition was A (41.0%), G (8.4%), C (11.8%), and T (38.8%). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that N. cornicina is closely related to the species of Eudasyphora canadiana. This mitogenome contributes useful information for further understanding of the phylogenetic relationship and species identification within Muscidae species.Medicago ruthenica is an important perennial forage with multiple characteristics of resistance. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete chloroplast genome of M. ruthenica 'Taihang', which is 124, 254 bp in length. A total of 108 genes were identified, including 74 protein-coding, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis based on 27 chloroplast genomes showed that M. ruthenica 'Taihang' has a close relationship with M. ruthenica from Qinghai Province, China. The data are useful in better understanding the genetic diversity and stress resistance of Medicago and contribute to the phylogenetic study of Trifolieae.We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of Menochilus sexmaculata (Fabricius, 1781) and compared it with that of other insects. The mitogenome of M. sexmaculata is a circular molecule of 16,663 bp with 75.00% AT content, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and one non-coding control region. All of the PCGs use the typical ATN as the initiation codon, with the exception of cox1 and nad3 which begin with AAT and TTG, respectively. Cox1, cox2, cox3, nad3, nad4, nad5 and nad6 employ a single T as a termination signal, while others have the typical termination codons (TAA or TAG). All the 22 typical animal tRNA genes are found in M. sexmaculata mitogenome, and most of the tRNAs could be folded into the classic cloverleaf secondary structure. Phylogenetic tree based on 13 PCGs suggested that M. sexmaculata is closely related to Anatis ocellata and Calvia championorum, and clustered within Coccinellidae.The mitochondrial genome has been widely used in the study of phylogeny and species-level evolution. Here, we sequenced and analyzed the full mitogenome of Tetrastichus howardi, an important natural enemy of many lepidopteran pests. The complete mitochondrial genome has 14,791 nucleotides, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and a partial control region. All the 13 PCGs started with typical ATN (ATA, ATG, and ATT) codon. Among 13 PCGs, nine genes terminated with the stop codon TAA and four genes terminated with T. Our study provides information on comparative mitogenomics of Eulophidae.Prunus sargentii is an ornamental flowering cherry species, spread in Japan, Korea, Russia, and Northeast China. Little information is available regarding its genomic, with limited phylogenetic relationship study performed on P. sargentii until now. In this research, we reported the complete plastid genome of P. sargentii. The complete chloroplast of this species is 158,138 bp in length, including a pair of invert repeat regions (IR) (26,463bp) that is divided by a large single-copy region (LSC) (85,959bp) and a small single-copy region (SSC) (19,253bp). The plastid genome contained a total of 128 genes, including 84 coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 36 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that P. sargentii has a closer relationship with P. kumanoensis.Scutellaria Linn. is a perennial herb with about 300 species. This genus has high medicinal value and many are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In this study, we sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genomes of Scutellaria tsinyunensis and S. tuberifera. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cirtuvivint.html Subsequently, we conducted a comprehensive comparative genomics analysis with 12 other published Scutellaria species. These genomes all had a conserved quartile structure, and the gene contents, gene sequences and GC contents are highly similar. The study on the genetic characteristics and nucleotide substitution rate of different genes found that the protein-coding genes of chloroplasts have differed greatly. Most genes are under purifying selection, but the rps12 gene may have undergone positive selection. Besides, we identified three hypervariable regions as potential markers for Scutellaria taxa, which could play an important role in species identification of Scutellaria. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 14 Scutellaria taxa were divided into two major clades. Moreover, the variation of IR regions is closely related to the evolutionary history as was reconstructed based on SNPs. In conclusion, we provided two high-quality chloroplast reference genomes of Scutellaria, this reliable information and genomic resources are valuable for developing of efficient DNA barcodes as reconstruction of chloroplast evolutionary history of the genus.Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja, a monotypic species in Cyclocarya of Juglandaceae, is regarded as one of important medical plants in China. In order to reveal the alterations in chloroplast (cp) genome with nuclear genome duplication, we presented the complete cp genomes of C. paliurus, and firstly analyzed on the basis of ploidy type (tetraploid and diploid C. paliurus). The total length of the cp genome of tetraploid and diploid C. paliurus is 160,938 and 161,105 bp, respectively. Both type genome consist of a large single-copy (LSC) region (90,221 and 90,391 bp), a small single-copy (SSC) region (18,593 and 18,590 bp), and an pair of invert repeats (IRs) regions (26,062 and 26,062 bp). Tetraploid and diploid plastid genome contain 132 and 137 genes, 87 and 88 protein-coding genes, 37 and 39 tRNA genes, and both eight rRNA genes, respectively. Closely phylogenetic relationship by analyzing 23 cp genomes suggests that tetraploid C. paliurus probably originated from diploid C. paliurus.The first complete mitochondrial genome of a dictyopharid planthopper, Orthopagus splendens (Germar, 1830) (Hemiptera Fulgoroidea Dictyopharidae) is sequenced. The 15,349 bp long complete mitogenome contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and 1 A + T-rich region with an arrangement identical to that observed in most insect mitogenomes (GenBankNo. MW441850). All PCGs start with ATN, and end with TAN or single T (nad1, nad5, and atp6). A phylogenetic analysis places O. splendens as sister to Fulgoridae confirming a sister relationship between Dictyopharidae and Fulgoridae.Cymbidium iridioides D. Don 1852 is a Class I endangered species in China having important ornamental and breeding values. This study used Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology to sequence the complete chloroplast genome of C. iridioides. The genome features of C. iridioides and its phylogenetic relationships were determined. The complete chloroplast genome is 156,599 bp, containing a pair of 26,736 bp inverse duplication regions, a large 85,242 bp single-copy region, and a small 17,885 bp single-copy region. The entire genome contains 76 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. A phylogenetic tree of 25 Orchidaceae species revealed that C. iridioides was grouped within Sect. Iridorchis and comprised a clade with Cymbidium tracyanum.The Caribbean reef shark (Carcharhinus perezi; Poey, 1876) is a medium to large-bodied coastal and reef-associated predator found throughout the subtropical and tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea, although its populations are increasingly threatened by overfishing. We describe the first mitochondrial genome sequence for this species, using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of an individual from The Bahamas. We report the mitogenome sequence of the Caribbean reef shark to be 16,709 bp and composed two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 non-coding regions; the D-loop control region and the origin of light-strand replication. We discuss the implications of this new information on future monitoring efforts and conservation measures such as marine protected areas, and urge for greater application of mitochondrial studies of sharks in the Atlantic Ocean.The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Poecilocoris druraei was sequenced and analyzed. The 16,524 bp mitogenome of P. druraei contained 21 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), and a control region. Most PCGs used standard ATG start codons and complete TAA ermination codons. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that P. druraei is closed related with P. nepalensis.The complete mitochondrial genome of the half-fin anchovy, Setipinna tenuifilis collected from Yellow and Bohai Seas was determined by next-generation sequencing. The mitogenome is a circular molecule 16,668 bp in length, including the typical structure of 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a control region. The termination-associated sequence (TAS), central conserved sequence block (CSB) and CSB are detected in the control region. The gene contents of the mitogenome are identical to those observed in most bony fishes.Cotyledon tomentosa Harv. is a well-known succulent plant that have important ornamental and economic value. In this study, we release and detail the complete chloroplast genome sequences of C. tomentosa. The whole chloroplast genome was 149,729 bp in length and comprised 131 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes. The C. tomentosa. chloroplast genome had a GC content of 38.23%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete chloroplast genomes showed that C. tomentosa had a close relationship with Kalanchoe tomentosa, Bryophyllum daigremontianum and Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi.Octodonta nipae (Maulik 1921) is a dangerous forestry quarantine pest, which mainly harms palms. In the present study, we determined complete mitogenome of O. nipae. This mitogenome was 15,397 bp in length (GenBank Accession no. MW802252), which contained 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNAs, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) and one non-coding AT-rich region with the length of 883 bp. All of the 22 tRNA genes displayed a typical clover-leaf structure, with the exception of tRNAPhe, tRNALeu, tRNAAsn, tRNAPro and tRNAThr. Twelve PCGs were initiated by ATN codons, and NAD1 started with TTG. Ten PCGs used the typical stop codon 'TAA' and 'TGA', while three PCGs (COX2, COX3, NAD4) used the incomplete stop codons 'TA' or 'T'. Phylogenetic tree demonstrated that O. nipae belongs to the family Chrysomelidae and closer to the superfamily Cassidinae.
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