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These results indicated a remarkable effect of PTEN inhibition on neuronal process after NSC differentiation, and identified a novel route to promote endogenous neurite growth in differentiated NSCs, which may facilitate the application of NSC transplantation in ischemic stroke. © 2020 Japanese Society of Neuropathology.BACKGROUND Asthma-like symptoms (ALS) often occur among children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). selleck kinase inhibitor We aimed to determine the potential risk factors for ALS onset in LRTIs children. METHODS A total of 102 LRTIs with ALS and 474 without ALS were enrolled. The relative risk (RR) was used to test the influence of the clinical factors on the ALS risk. We compared the differences of birth data, wheezing history, disease severity, inflammatory markers, infectious pathogens, allergic markers, cardiac, liver, and kidney injury markers between LRTIs with and without ALS onset. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was applied to determine the predictive value of various markers in the ALS risk in LRTIs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between various clinical and laboratory parameters and ALS onset in LRTIs. RESULTS The RRs of boys/girls ratio and wheezing history for ALS compared with non-ALS was 1.263 and 2.850, respectively (P = .026, less then 10-4 ). There were significant differences of age, WBC, PLT, EOS, and CK between LRTIs with and without ALS onset (P = .004, .041, .006, .049, and .035). ROC analysis showed that significant associations between the parameters of age, WBC, and PLT and ALS risk among LRTIs were observed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the clinical and laboratory parameters were not independently associated with the risk of ALS onset among LRTIs. CONCLUSIONS Lower age, male, inflammation, and allergic state were risk factors for ALS onset in LRTIs. Comprehensive monitoring and evaluation of these factors may be helpful for ALS prevention. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare congenital malformation characterized by a localized absence of skin that most commonly affects the scalp. We performed the present study to elucidate the basic clinical data of ACC in Korea including demographics, clinical features, radiologic and therapeutic results. METHODS Fifty nine patients (70 lesions) with ACC (35 from our department and 24 from a Koreamed database search) were enrolled. We assessed demographics, family and obstetrical histories, clinical features (multiplicity, subtype, size, shape, hair collar sign, location, and Frieden's classification), and radiologic and therapeutic results. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 2.62 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.03. A minority of patients had a family history (3 patients), birth trauma (1 patient), maternal drug use (2 patients) or HIV infection (1 patient) during pregnancy, and fetus papyraceus of placental infarcts (2 patients). Six patients (6/59, 10.17%) had multiple lesions. Scarring was the most common manifestation (39/70, 55.71%). The scalp was the most commonly affected site (50 cases, 71.43%). Thirty nine patients (66.10%) met Frieden's type I classification (scalp ACC without multiple anomalies). Radiological investigations were performed in 30 patients (30/59, 50.85%) with abnormal findings in 8 patients. Twenty five patients (42.37%) were managed conservatively, and 17 patients (28.81%) were treated with local wound care. CONCLUSIONS This is the first and largest-scale study assessing the basic clinical data of ACC in Korea. The results of present study could be useful for pediatricians and dermatologists who routinely manage ACC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Biallelic pathogenic variants in the gene PYROXD1 have recently been described to cause early-onset autosomal recessive myopathy. Myopathy associated with PYROXD1 pathogenic variants is rare and reported in only 17 individuals. Known pathogenic variants in PYROXD1 include missense, insertion and essential splice-site variants. Here we describe a consanguineous family of individuals affected with late-onset myopathy and homozygous PYROXD1 missense variants (NM_024854.5c.464A>G [p.Asn155Ser]) expanding our understanding of the possible disease phenotypes of PYROXD1-associated myopathy. © 2020 The Authors. Neuropathology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Neuropathology.BACKGROUND In the United Kingdom, pregnant women are offered foetal anomaly screening to assess the chance of their baby being born with eleven different conditions. How health care professionals (HCPs) deliver news about a child having a congenital anomaly affects how it is received and processed by parents. We refer to this news as different news. METHODS We conducted a mixed methods evaluation of a training intervention to improve how HCPs deliver different news. Twenty-six HCPs self-completed pretraining and posttraining questionnaires on skills, knowledge, and attitudes related to delivering different news. Qualitative interviews were conducted with eight HCPs. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the paired t test to compare the pre and post scores and estimate the difference between pre and post scores, and the 95% confidence interval. Qualitative data were analysed using framework analysis guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). RESULTS The training intervention wasourse. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.OBJECTIVE To generate evidence on the influence of good management of resources in the delivery of maternal health services in Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied the managerial processes involved in the provision of maternal health services in four states of Mexico exhibiting differences in maternal mortality, maternal health service coverage, and maternal health expenditure. Analysis was based on five analytical dimensions of the cyclic process model designed by the National Council for the Evaluation of Social Development Policy in Mexico. We describe the processes, identify areas of opportunity, and discuss opinions concerning the relevance, timeliness, and sufficiency of human and material resources employed in the delivery of maternal health services. RESULTS Managerial performance in the four entities was very heterogeneous. In most of the analyzed entities, implementation of the processes was rated from "average" to "very good." CONCLUSION In order to contribute to universal coverage of maternal health services, managerial processes at the state level need to ensure an adequate, timely, and sufficient supply of resources.
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