Notes

Incidence associated with continual subdural haematoma: a single-centre exploration of the results of an getting older population with a writeup on your novels.
The module hub tracts were functionally and microstructurally damaged in semantic dementia, whereas damage to non-module-specific ATL tracts (inferior longitudinal fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus) had more limited impact on semantic failure. These findings identify major components of the white matter module hub network of semantics, and they corroborate/materialize claims of cognitive models positing direct links between modular and semantic representations. In combination with modular accounts of cognition, they also suggest that the currently prevailing "hub-and-spokes" model of semantics could be extended by incorporating an intermediate module level containing invariant representations, in addition to "spokes," which subserve the processing of a near-unlimited number of sensorimotor and speech-sound features.People with superior face recognition have relatively thin cortex in face-selective brain areas, whereas those with superior vehicle recognition have relatively thick cortex in the same areas. We suggest that these opposite correlations reflect distinct mechanisms influencing cortical thickness (CT) as abilities are acquired at different points in development. We explore a new prediction regarding the specificity of these effects through the depth of the cortex that face recognition selectively and negatively correlates with thickness of the deepest laminar subdivision in face-selective areas. With ultrahigh resolution MRI at 7T, we estimated the thickness of three laminar subdivisions, which we term "MR layers," in the right fusiform face area (FFA) in 14 adult male humans. Face recognition was negatively associated with the thickness of deep MR layers, whereas vehicle recognition was positively related to the thickness of all layers. Regression model comparisons provided overwhelming support for a model specifying that the magnitude of the association between face recognition and CT differs across MR layers (deep vs. superficial/middle) whereas the magnitude of the association between vehicle recognition and CT is invariant across layers. The total CT of right FFA accounted for 69% of the variance in face recognition, and thickness of the deep layer alone accounted for 84% of this variance. Our findings demonstrate the functional validity of MR laminar estimates in FFA. Studying the structural basis of individual differences for multiple abilities in the same cortical area can reveal effects of distinct mechanisms that are not apparent when studying average variation or development.Recent evidence suggests that during numerical calculation, symbolic and nonsymbolic processing are functionally distinct operations. Nevertheless, both roughly recruit the same brain areas (spatially overlapping networks in the parietal cortex) and happen at the same time (roughly 250 msec poststimulus onset). We tested the hypothesis that symbolic and nonsymbolic processing are segregated by means of functionally relevant networks in different frequency ranges high gamma (above 50 Hz) for symbolic processing and lower beta (12-17 Hz) for nonsymbolic processing. EEG signals were quantified as participants compared either symbolic numbers or nonsymbolic quantities. Larger EEG gammaband power was observed for more difficult symbolic comparisons (ratio of 0.8 between the two numbers) than for easier comparisons (ratio of 0.2) over frontocentral regions. Similarly, beta-band power was larger for more difficult nonsymbolic comparisons than for easier ones over parietal areas. These results confirm the existence of a functional dissociation in EEG oscillatory dynamics during numerical processing that is compatible with the notion of distinct linguistic processing of symbolic numbers and approximation of nonsymbolic numerical information.Background Interprofessional communication using Facebook®, Snapchat®, Instagram®, and WhatsApp® has become a reality that is shaping our future. However, studies evaluating the dimensions of this use in the medical field are scarce and proper guidelines have not yet been established. NSC 696085 in vivo This highlights the importance of exploring the wide range of using such common communication tools in the medical field. Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of WhatsApp use as an interprofessional communication tool among Lebanese physicians and explore the dimensions of its use. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted by using LimeSurvey through an e-mail-based questionnaire sent to 5,329 physicians enrolled in the Lebanese Order of Physicians. Results Four hundred twenty-nine physicians completed the survey with a response rate of 8%. Most respondents (96.5%) were WhatsApp users, where 72.7% stated being consulted by colleagues via WhatsApp, and about 50% reported being members of professional WhatsApp groups that mainly share medical cases and patients' updates. Further, most physicians made sure that the shared information contained no patient identifier and kept it for future referencing without the patient's permission or consent before consulting their colleagues. Almost 75% of the respondents agreed that guidelines are needed to illustrate the medico-legal and ethical aspects of WhatsApp use by physicians and recommended using WhatsApp specifically for inter-physician communication. Conclusion The findings of this study illustrate the high prevalence of WhatsApp Messenger use among Lebanese physicians. Utilizing such digital platforms is highly demanded to enhance interprofessional communication between physicians in the medical field.Background Although vaccine hesitancy is a global concern, the evaluation on how fear of vaccination affects vaccination-related knowledge, behaviors, and perceptions is extremely scarce in developing countries. This study contributes to the literature by filling the knowledge gap on the fear of vaccination by focusing on Nigerian caregivers.Methods The study evaluates the correlation between fear of vaccination and knowledge, actual behaviors, and perception among caregivers in 11 settlements in the Jada local government area of Adamawa State, northeastern Nigeria. The data were collected in September 2019. We use logistic regression analysis to evaluate the correlation.Results and Discussions About 15% of caregivers have some form of fear regarding vaccination. However, such fear is not correlated with most of the socio-demographic characteristics among caregivers. Fear is significantly correlated with the lack of accurate vaccination knowledge, with a lower likelihood of vaccination uptake for their children, and with the lack of perceptions of vaccination importance and intention to vaccinate their children.
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