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Chapter 6 ~
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Mandate of Heaven -> Chinese dynasties, divine rights
Dynastic Cycle
Old Dynasty --> New Dynasty --> Old Dynasty --> New Dynasty --> . . .
People starved, rebellion, natural disasters good government, people fed, loyalty to emperor, trade good
(Tenno Clan . Japan)
Schools of Thought -
1. Confucious Analects
5 Relationships
Superior/inferior
Everyone has a place -> Order
2. Daoism - Lao Zi
Confucian rules are useless
Do nothing contrary to nature
3. Legalism - Han Feizi
People are self interested/selfish
Harsh punishments -> Order
__________________________
Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE)
Qin Shi Huangdi
-Ascended the throne in 246 BCE at age 13 under the name Zheng
-Claimed his dynasty would last for 1000 years
-Ruled empire with Legalist philosophies
-ends primogeniture
-passing of all land to eldest son
-standardization; weights, measures, coinage, writing, law
- helped unified diverse groups
Li Si and Legalism
-Li Si = Prime Minister
-felt that Confucian morals were in direct opposition of a ruler's absolute power
-crackdown on Confucians and Confucian traditions
-burned Confucian books
-killed Confucian scholars
External Threats from Xiongnu
-nomads on northern border of the empire
-peaceful trade between nomads and Chinese farmers/nomads raided villages
-China began building walls to keep out invaders
-trained a cavalry, the first in the eastern hemisphere
-Shi Huangdi sent soldiers to drive nomads from empire
-connected/extended existing walls around empire
-this caused nomads to band together and create the Xiongnu Confederacy
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