Notes

How did Roundup Ready & Roundup come to be?
What exactly is Roundup Ready? Roundup Ready is a trademark name for a patent-pending line of genetically modified seeds that are resistant to the glyphosate-based herbicide, Roundup. These crops are called Roundup Ready.

Roundup was created by who?
John Franz, Monsanto chemical scientist, and the first person to find that Roundup's active agent was glyphosate, in the year 1970. He was the first person to define it as a herbicide. Pre-emergent herbicides were widely used in the ag sector in the early days. They were applied prior to the crop or weeds appeared. Glyphosate's capability to control large numbers of grass weeds and broadleafs was totally different. ラウンドアップ Its unique environmental characteristics (soil inactivation and rapid degradation, etc.) and toxicological qualities (extremely minimal levels of toxicity to mammals as well as other beneficial species) created it to be a groundbreaking product.

When was Roundup first created?
Roundup (r) was first introduced to the market in 1974. https://www.nogyoya.com/c/0000000223/0000000427/0000000855/0000000859/5602643 It is an herbicide with a wide range that quickly became a global leader. It was initially utilized in ditches, on railroads and also on fields between the growing seasons. This helped farmers manage grass and broadleaf weeds that were growing from the soil. This reduced the need for tillage, preserved soil structure, and reduced soil erosion.

Next was Roundup Ready GMOs.
Inspiring by the amazing breakthroughs in recombinant DNA technology in the 1970s, Monsanto scientists recognized the numerous benefits for farmers when Roundup(r) could be applied directly to growing crops to control weeds within their fields. Ernie Jaworski led a small group that included Steve Rogers, Rob Horsch and me to work on the issue. In the early 1980s this group had developed the first techniques that allowed the introduction of specific genes into plants and our focus was now on developing viruses-resistant insects resistant, Roundup-tolerant plants.

It was known that Roundup could inhibit the biochemical pathway that plants use to create aromatic amino acids. https://www.komeri.com/search/ラウンドアップ/?dispNo=&codeSearch=0&searchFirst=1 Roundup's high-level of security for humans and mammals is due to the fact that glyphosate can be rapidly broken down by soil microorganisms. https://rd.listing.yahoo.co.jp/p/search/GU=A-aJT2MAAKTq5uILuw_BZxygRHC7XaC795v28tm01XnGuONMRSy1z-wCIEaMGnET6GDffSIZ7U0mRXXQ4dkLk_-ILDngwHK86w4_JeluICda8x1-jq_rrPKINn8rkl5_m5feQOviMUCdNtmzNkkBTsJ4hqpPXWU6SG4FOd7c9KWKr86UBpGveYYUQM3Qn2JFK_NI9lTrujKtlEoJdRrVBGAYcF_QGUsjOGzSVGMIhA4RBNaKTVYQxsW0DOW0XXniicnzwN4GGK9Jjnqr9dJezjfYxNLZeVDMxZhm6KBMyshSPqK2Fy4jVGXUYAjKIo1TRt3Ydk88jFrKynbrSgh-1rprpxj54FplD1IFeHQBiGNd9rasKj0EFLp8w-peeSmK518tWSnMec1oDTfTBcSHV6Ey8ks8HNWoOXaN-mtiTBfSZBzkiDW58tVr2B57ZzcR50GJb9Tzwg47FaEmofbcOOkvf62_Rhy4jTehyjo1dxfJFWbO3P1LBPLjb7LNXnUTZscg8jdeNoy6LQ2_a9KqkFj4kuAeVyi1CbVpuwg3orocP46NVh2uFiVE3vXxiDRiOFLX-o00dDCY-Qo5qFyJbUtpVfyJqMChzXdjo1kySAGVcLDplpdVWmm996XwMMAAVXV0XSgANklgBZIpWiBERqh53q9wea_t-qw2BSOL0klByxL0GANknisrgaW7jB0LuHrMosqAt6hjry0IACGaIxDvd8_6w7W0b5Gs9xr4bJkQOAghWoSmKftD-oZG-Egbaw7yeH0KGoMoCFrFuChIpVR9vG-v5txe-jWbb8kGMsDrpgGuvr97YgCLjnj62l0c5FEJdFtHq_M1lk82-dcuy0wiILrL1XMLJ18EV4bXY-JkNJ2Jn1VffIOCywj8DBDrcDIHfVXfGUxBHrtgSs0TGn_Zqc8CRXXrbOQwHHcPmzjD5dJZasmrCrUT_ZtY9o9ogyH9MgPp7E6zkdjehfJWs8koPeipeZUeAwyZCMOr5w522BKnEV8scVMwbMl-ZGHGUUjWiNlofZH5cJTIwwAzz0Jex39WKScPTobncdk_T4abLy3uQpK-_ahUJJ9LLkFnPpAjLV-p-QZRFfY96mNXVu371lZwaAjwgFYo8xcIjQf9sYbkSyciRYm8uIRf2BVXJQAN0_Ze3Q1SGHWus7LPtQDUsGOx4aMiv-Tl1UzSRm09fdPTA1TC2rBatoZGz0OssDywRCj08oWt;/?ep=A-aJT2MAAPKEL4Teunm-YLdk6ypHqeTG1yfV8nwPK64WFxIW01b_yaN27nZcQ3LDiDBqieIuvVWd6CaSurBnd2qTiduZID3Yp_PRZ34sibHeK1KhOVuFc8FffBr0Mc9vGd9dGySeugmYm-Ye6Didz3LbEvBVYqdEAYm0hOritiKpLmZWLypoGRssf66ZOmAFtRPs41MKeQv_yfqVYERw1rD-kGGV5FVoK6Xm&v=2 In the middle of the 1980s, researchers identified both plants' genes as well as microbial genes that conferred greater tolerance to herbicides. In 1987 the USDA approved the first field test of Roundup Ready crops. This Roundup-resistant variety was genetically modified tomatoes which were resistant to Roundup. In the following years, the Roundup Ready trait, which was the bacterial genetic, was isolated and introduced to other crops.

Let's consider soybeans as an illustration. The first step is to answer two questions. What is Roundup Ready soybeans? How are they made? Roundup Ready Soybeans are an engineered genetically modified variety of soybeans that has had its DNA modified to make them resistant to Roundup, the herbicide. This soybean is tolerant to Roundup since each seed has the gene that is afflicted with Roundup prior to planting. ラウンドアップ Farmers can use Roundup Ready gene in their fields to spray and not harm their crops.

Roundup Ready crops, which were introduced in 1996, changed agricultural science and farming. Roundup resistance was quickly adopted by farmers. Today, more than 90% of U.S. soybean, cotton fields and canola fields utilize a biotech trait that allows the herbicide to be tolerant. Roundup Ready crops were able to reduce and enhance weed management systems. They also helped to achieve higher crop yields. The increasing use of conservation tillage is a significant environmental benefit. By cutting down on plowing, farmers cut down on their energy use and emissions of GHG while maintaining soil structure and reducing erosion. This is equivalent to the removal of 28.3 billion kg of carbon dioxide (or 12.4 million cars) off the roads. Source: PG Economy.
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