Notes

How did Roundup Ready and Roundup develop?
What is Roundup Ready? Roundup Ready is the trademark term used to describe a variety of genetically modified crops that are intolerant to Roundup. ラウンドアップ ラウンドアップ 英語 These are the crops that are known as Roundup Ready.

Roundup was created by who?
Glyphosate, which is the active ingredient in Roundup was first identified as an herbicide in the year 1970, by Monsanto Chemist John Franz. At the time, in the ag industry, most herbicides were pre-emergent. ラウンドアップ That is, they were applied prior to the crop and weeds emerged. Glyphosate's ability to control large amounts of grass weeds as well as broadleafs was totally different. Its exceptional environmental properties (soil inactivation and rapid degradation, etc.) as well as its toxicological characteristics (extremely minimal levels of toxicity for mammals as well as other beneficial species) made it a revolutionary product.

https://www.monotaro.com/g/01028612/ https://kakaku.com/item/S0000853413/ When was Roundup first created?
Roundup(r) was first introduced in 1974 as an insecticide with broad spectrum, quickly became a leading global agricultural chemical. Roundup(r) was initially used to treat ditches, railroads and also on fields during the growing seasons, quickly grew to the forefront. It allowed farmers to control grass and broadleaf weeds that grew from the soil, thereby lessening the need to the tillage process, while also preserving soil structure, and reducing soil erosion.

ラウンドアップ The Roundup Ready GMOs followed.
Monsanto scientists saw the potential benefits Roundup(r) Recombinant DNA product could bring to farmers following the breakthroughs made in the 1970s. ラウンドアップ This issue was tackled by a small number of scientists, including Dr. Ernie Jaworski and Steve Rogers. The first methods for introducing genes into the plant were created by this team during the first half of 1980. Following that we turned our attention to the development of virusesresistant and insect-resistant and Roundup-resistant crops.

It was known that glyphosate may have inhibited the biochemical process in plants that produce aromatic amino acids (animals and human beings don't have this pathway which is why Roundup has a high degree of mammalian security) and that glyphosate is broken down quickly in soil by microorganisms. By the mid-1980s our scientists had discovered the genes of both microbial and plant species that conferred increased herbicide tolerance in laboratory tests and in 1987 the USDA authorized the first field tests of Roundup Ready plants. The Roundup-resistant plant was genetically modified tomatoes that were resistant to Roundup. A few more years later the Roundup Ready gene was discovered and isolated.

Let's use soybeans for an example. We first need to address two issues. What are Roundup Ready soybeans? And how do they make them? Roundup Ready soybeans can be described as genetically engineered soybeans whose DNA has been modified to make them resistant to Roundup's active ingredient, glyphosate. Because every soybean seed was infected with the Roundup Ready gene prior to planting the seeds, they are insensitive to glyphosate. https://www.zennoh.or.jp/eigi/research/pdf/gr334_06.pdf This permits farmers to spray their field with herbicides without having to end their crops.

You can see that Roundup Ready crops were introduced in 1996 and transformed agriculture and agricultural science. Roundup resistance soon became a popular crop in the U.S. Over 90% of U.S. soybeans and cotton, corn, and canola fields now utilize this biotech characteristic. Roundup Ready crops have not only reduced and improved weed control techniques, but also decreased costs for tillage and equipment. This allowed for easier harvests, and less weeds. Increased adoption of conservation-tillage has had a huge impact on the environment. Farmers can lower their consumption of energy and GHGs by cutting down on plowing. But, it preserves soil structure and decreases erosion. This is equivalent to eliminating 28.4 Billion tonnes of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or 12.4 M vehicles off the road for one year (Source . PG Economics.
Website: https://www.nissanchem.co.jp/news_release/news/n2020_01_23.pdf