Notes

Genetically modified crops have more benefits than herbicides

In the wild, herbicide resistance might confer an advantage to plants.

ラウンドアップ 評判 Credit to Xiao Yang
It has been proven that a genetic modification technique is extensively used to make crops herbicide-resistant, confers advantages on the rice that is weedy. These findings suggest that these modifications can have a broad variety of impacts that extend beyond farms and out into the wild.

A range of crops have been modified genetically so that they become resistant to Roundup herbicide glyphosate. Farmers are able to eliminate herbicides from their fields using this glyphosate-resistant crop without causing damage to their crops.

ラウンドアップ Glyphosate can inhibit plant growth by blocking EPSP synase, an enzyme involved in the production of amino acids and other chemicals that make up about 35% of the plant's mass. Genetic modification, like the Roundup Ready crops manufactured by Monsanto in St. Louis, Missouri, involves inserting genes into a plant's genetic code to boost EPSP production. The genes are often derived from bacteria that have infected plants.

The plant can resist the adverse effects of glyphosate because it has an additional EPSP-synthase. Biotechnology labs have also tried to create EPSP-synthase that is more plant-based than bacteria using genes taken from plants. This was partially made to make use of a loophole found in US law that allows regulatory approval for species that are not derived from bacterial parasites.

Few studies have looked into whether transgeneslike those that confer resistance the chemical glyphosate can make plants more resilient in their survival and reproduction after they cross-pollinate with wild or weedy species. Norman Ellstrand is a University of California Riverside plant geneticist. "The assumption is that any transgene will cause disadvantage in the wild in the absence of selective pressure since it could reduce the fitness of the plant," Ellstrand said.

Lu Baorong from Fudan University in Shanghai is currently challenging this view. The study demonstrates that resistance to glyphosate even when it is not applied to a weedy variety of the rice crop could provide a substantial health boost.

Lu and his associates modified cultivars of rice to produce more EPSP synthase. They also crossed the modified rice with a weedy-related. ラウンドアップ ラウンドアップ Their work was published in NewPhytologist 1.

The researchers then allowed breeding offspring that were cross-bred together to produce second-generation hybrids. They were genetically identical except for the copy count and number of EPSP synthase gene. The team found that those that had more than one copy of the gene that codes for EPSP synthase had more enzyme expression and also produced more tryptophan, which is what we expected.

Researchers also found that plants with transgenic genes were more photosynthesis-intensive, produced more flowers, and produced 48 to 125 percent fewer seeds per plant than nontransgenic hybrids. This was despite the fact that glyphosate wasn't present.

Making weedy rice more competitive could cause more problems for farmers all over the world whose plots are invaded by pests, Lu says.

Brian Ford Lloyd, a UK plant scientist, stated that the EPSP Synthase gene could get in wild rice varieties. https://www.monotaro.com/g/01028612/ This would erode the genetic diversity of their species, which is extremely important. "This is a prime example of the most probable and damaging impacts of GM crops on the environment."

The general public believes that genetically modified plants containing more replicas of their own genes than those from microorganisms are more safe. This notion is not supported by this study. "Our study shows that this is not necessarily the case" Lu says. ラウンドアップ Lu.

According to some research this finding suggests that any future regulation for genetically engineered crops needs to be reconsidered. Ellstrand says that some people think that biosafety rules can be relaxed because we've had more than two years of genetic engineering. The study found that any new products need to be carefully evaluated.


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