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==> Helicase (Initializes the replication process breaks the H bond)
==> DNA polymerase (attaches the nucleotides properly)
==> Primer (provides the nucleotides
==> 3' to 5' leading strand (towards replication fork)
==> 5' to 3' lagging strand (away from replication fork)
==> In the end of the process "EXONUCLEASE" strips away the primers and the gaps created are filled by complimentary nuclotides
==> DNA ligase seals up the sequence and thus generating 2 child DNA strands
==> This is a semi conservative process (The parent is used 1/2 of the parent DNA is used)
==> After this the DNA winds up into double helix.
Leading strand:
==> Primer comes along and binds to the end of the leading strand. The primer acts as the starting point for DNA synthesis.
==> DNA adding that is towards the parent DNA strand is called leading strand here (5' to 3')
==> Leading strand is continuous replication process
Lagging Strand:
==> RNA polymerase are attached at multiple locations
==> Chunks of DNA fragments are formed and then DNA is then constructed (called as OKAZAKI Fragments)
==> DNA adding that is away from parent DNA strand its called as lagging strand here (3' to 5')
==> Lagging strand is discontinuous replication process
ORIC (Just basics):
==> The origin of where the replication process ("Origin") is called as ORIC
==> Bacterial ORIC consists from 250 bp to 2000bp (BP = Base pairs)
==> three functional elements that control origin activity
- conserved DNA repeats that are specifically recognized by DnaA (called DnaA-boxes)
- An AT-rich DNA unwinding element
- Binding sites for proteins that help regulate replication initiation.
- The sequence, number, and arrangement of origin-associated DnaAboxes vary throughout the bacterial kingdom
- Their specific positioning and spacing in a given species are critical for oriC function and for productive initiation complex formation
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