Notes

Europe is one of success region in terms of wealth, technology, sociopolitical, and any other sphere. As a region that has many independent countries that carry out their respective economic and political activities, the 12 founding countries; Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom came together to form the European Union (EU) on 7 February 1992 in Maastricht, Netherlands, by signing the Treaty on European Union or also known as Maastricht Treaty. Then, the European Union is officially established in November 1, 1993 and keep growing bigger until the union has 28 members of state. Despite being a fairly successful union in the eyes of the world, of course there are countries that are more wealthier than other countries, such as the United Kingdom (UK). As is well known, the UK is a strong country that often participates and wins in wars and spreads its colonial influence, this makes the UK one of the most developed countries in the EU. When the EU was formed, it made much easier for citizens of one country to migrate to another; it is included in the UK. In the middle of the 2000s, the EU expanded to include post-communist nations, and the inhabitants of those nations were impoverished. Many of their citizens emigrated to richer nations, such as the United Kingdom. Particularly hard-hit by the 2008 market meltdown were numerous European nations. People from those nations traveled to other nations, like the United Kingdom, in search of employment when they couldn't find one at home. Years after that, immigration became one of the 3 most important issues in UK and its citizen believe the immigration should be reduced as the number of foreign population has incredibly increased since 1993. And finally on 2016, the UK voted to leave the EU and officially left the trading bloc on 31 January 2020, this leave is best known as British Exit (Brexit).

Following the Brexit, UK must renegotiate agreements with nations it wishes to do business with, particularly in the trade sector, as EU policies and regulations no longer apply to the country and the EU also lost around one-sixth of its economic power and a much larger share of its foreign and security policy weight. In addition to having an impact on the economy, Brexit also triggers independence movement from Scottish National Party (SNP) because despite 62 percent of Scots voted "Remain" in the Brexit referendum, Scotland had to leave the EU alongside the rest of the UK, which sparked resentment and a sense that Scotland's voice was being disregarded. Along with the other devolved governments, the Scottish government found it difficult to exert any kind of influence on the Brexit talks. The UK government passed a number of regulations in anticipation of Brexit that pose a danger to the legislative authority of the Scottish Parliament. The most important of these is the Internal Market Act of the United Kingdom. This Act was approved despite the Scottish Parliament's (together with the Welsh Senedd's) refusal to give its agreement, which violates the rule that the UK Parliament will not ordinarily pass laws in devolved areas without their approval. In this paper, we will analyze the case of efforts to separate Scotland from the UK from the point of view of human rights, ethnicity and political tension.