Notes

Benefits of genetically modified crops over the weeds

Wild plants might be capable of resisting herbicides.

ラウンドアップ Credit to Xiao Yang
One common genetic-modification method that makes crops resistant to herbicides was shown to be superior over the weedy varieties of rice. The results suggest that this modification could be beneficial to wild rice varieties as well as crops.

Many crops have been genetically modified so that they can ward off glyphosate. The herbicide was initially sold under the tradename Roundup. Farmers can eliminate most herbicides from their fields by using glyphosate, without harming their crops because of this resistance.

Glyphosate inhibits plant growth through blocking an enzyme, known as EPSP synthase. It is responsible for the production of certain amino acids and other molecules that comprise approximately 35% of a plant's mass. The genetic-modification method, employed for Roundup Ready crops by Monsanto (based in St Louis in Missouri) is the process of inserting genes in a plant to boost EPSP synthase production. ラウンドアップ The genes typically come from bacteria that are infected with plants.

This extra EPSP synthase enables the plant to withstand the effects of glyphosate. Biotechnology labs have also attempted to utilize the genes of plants to increase EPSP-synthase, partly to take advantage of a loophole in the American system that permits regulatory approval of transgenes not derived by bacterial pests.

There aren't many studies that have examined the possibility that transgenes, like those that confer resistance glyphosate, can increase the resilience of plants to surviving and reproduce once they cross-pollinate with weedy or wild species. https://www.dcm-ekurashi.com/goods/383679 Norman Ellstrand of University of California Riverside states, "The conventional expectation is that any type of transgene in the wild will confer disadvantage if there's no pressure to select because the extra machinery could reduce the fitness."

Lu Baorong is an Ecologist at Fudan University Shanghai. His study shows that resistance to glyphosate offers a significant health benefit, even though it's not used.

In their study, published this month in New Phytologist 1, Lu and his colleagues modified the genetics of the rice plant to enhance its own EPSP synthase and cross-bred the altered rice with a weedy ancestor.

The team then allowed the offspring of cross-breeding to cross-breed with each other to create second-generation hybrids. They were identical genetically with the exception of the amount of EPSP synthase genes they had. The ones with more copies expressed higher levels of the enzyme and also produced more of the amino acid tryptophan than their non-modified counterparts.

The researchers also found that the transgenic hybrids had greater rates of photosynthesis, they grew larger flowers and shoots and produced 48 to 125 percent more seeds per plant than non-transgenic hybrids- in the absence of the chemical glyphosate.

Lu believes that making weedy aggressive rice more competitive could make it more difficult for farmers to recover from the harm caused by this bug.

https://thetruthofsustainablity.com/%e4%ba%ba%e6%a8%a9%e3%83%87%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%87%e3%83%aa%e3%82%b8%e3%82%a7%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b9%e3%81%a8%e3%81%9d%e3%81%ae%e5%bf%85%e8%a6%81%e6%80%a7/ Brian Ford-Lloyd, a researcher at Brian Ford-Lloyd from the University of Birmingham, UK, says "If the EPSP synthase gene is introduced to wild rice varieties the genetic diversity of their species is crucial to conserve, may be threatened because it would surpass the regular varieties." "This is one instance of the most likely and harmful effects of GM crops on the environment."

The general public believes that genetically modified plants that have more than one copy of their genes than those from microorganisms are safe. ラウンドアップ 撒き方 This notion is also challenged by this study. ラウンドアップ Lu states that his study does not support this belief.

According to some scientists this finding suggests that any future regulation for genetically engineered crops should be rethought. "Some people are now suggesting that biosafety regulation can be eased because we've reached an incredibly high level of confidence with the two years of genetic engineering" Ellstrand says. "But the study demonstrates that the new technologies require cautious examination."


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