Notes

On June 30, 2022, President Joko Widodo as the supreme leader of Indonesia, came to visit Kiev and Moscow alternately. The agenda aims to convince the two leaders of Russia and Ukraine to open dialogue and stop the war, or at least carry out a ceasefire. During a dialogue with President Vladimir Putin, President Joko Widodo managed to reach an agreement so that Russia can guarantee the security of food and fertilizer supplies from Russia and Ukraine to the world community so that a crisis does not occur. By implementing the foreign policy of "Active Free Politics", Indonesia makes peace and humanity a priority for Indonesia's foreign policy.

Indonesia's impartiality can be one of the reasons for the success of the agreement, as written in the article "Indonesia and Russia Relations in Response with Changing Strategic Environment" by Hendra Manurung (2018), Russia Federation and the Republic of Indonesia were longtime friends in the past decades and are now crucial partners for one another. Since about 60 years ago, there have been bilateral relationships between them, particularly in the economic, social, and cultural spheres. President Jokowi highlighted Indonesia's interest in enhancing trade, political, and cultural cooperation in May 2016 in Sochi, Russia. The Global Maritime Fulcrum (GMF) that Indonesia continues to serve as in Southeast Asia and the larger Asia-Pacific area was also acknowledged by Russia. It sheds some light on the strategic interests of both Russia and Indonesia that 8 (eight) bilateral agreements were signed on September 6, 2007, between the two governments in important fields of strategic cooperation.

Due to the invasion of Crimea, Russia was subject to economic sanctions at the beginning of 2014. In response to this pressure from the West, Moscow focused on the East, particularly China. In May 2014, a record number of bilateral agreements were being signed between China and Russia. Russia is seen quite favorably in Southeast Asia, where attitudes on its government, economy, and culture are very different. Russia is regarded as a country that contributes significantly and favorably to the world and the Asia-Pacific region. In Indonesia, Russia is still seen as having a large and beneficial impact. Southeast Asia finds Russia appealing for primarily value-free and non-ideological reasons.

Relationships between Indonesia and Russia are typically good and stable, and their modern and economic links appear to be strengthening. Many Indonesians hold Russia in high regard as a nation with whom they should collaborate more and forge deeper ties. Both nations share many characteristics: they are young democracies that value plurality since they are home to a variety of ethnic and religious groups, have suffered internal strife and terrorism victimship, and even went through a severe economic crisis around the same time.

Due to the fact that both Indonesia and Russia have relatively independent foreign policies, there is a great deal of diplomatic cooperation between the two countries in today's turbulent and uncertain globe. With the signing of the "Declaration of the Republic of Indonesia and the Russian Federation on the Framework of Friendly and Partnership Relations in the 21st Century" in 2003, the bilateral relations between the two nations entered a new chapter. As a result, the economic relations between Indonesia and Russia significantly improved, and this agreement serves as the foundation of a new strategic cooperation partnership in their bilateral cooperation as well as at the global and regional levels.

Russia pursues a foreign policy that is now more open to the "Look East Policy" in the area of economic and trade cooperation. Since their diplomatic ties were established on February 3, 1950, Indonesia and Russia have been fostering their cordial and productive relationships. Additionally, since Russia is one of Indonesia's main arms suppliers, collaboration between Indonesia and Russia can be found in the defense sector. The most significant aspect of the bilateral accords is a pact for Indonesia to purchase defense equipment worth USD 1 billion worth of as-yet-unspecified Russian weapons over a 15-year period.

Summary:
1. Indonesia and Russia developed a bilateral cooperation, particularly in the economic, social, and cultural spheres. Hence, both states use the Bilateral Negotiation method in reaching an agreement.
2. The success of the two countries in reaching an agreement is the result of forming a positive partnership since decades ago, also with similarities in various aspects; history, culture, and religious and racial diversity.
3. Indonesia has a free and active foreign policy, while Russia uses a foreign policy that is open, free, and not based on a particular ideology. With the value of freedom embraced by both countries, this can be a supporter of successful negotiations.