Notes

Online Gambling
Online casinos

Online casinos offer a wide range of games for players, such as Craps, Blackjack, Roulette and Blackjack. The games are played against "house" which earns money due to the fact that the odds are slightly in its favour. Certain sites that are not trustworthy have been found to provide manipulative games that are not as mathematically fair as they seem.

Online poker

Numerous poker rooms online offer a variety of Poker games, such as Texas hold'em and Omaha. The "house" makes its money by charging the "rake" and players compete against one another.

Betting on sports online

A number of major bookmakers provide fixed odds online gambling, with gamblers typically betting on the results of sporting events.
A relatively recent internet technology is the bet exchange which allows individuals to make bets against one another (with the "house" paying an enticing commission).

Transfers of funds

Usually, gamblers transfer money to the online gaming company, make bets or play the games it provides, and cash out any winnings. European gamblers usually can pay for their gambling accounts using a credit card or debit card and then cash out any winnings back onto their card.
Because of the questionable legality of online gambling in the United States, however, U.S. credit cards frequently fail to be accepted. However there are intermediary businesses like Moneybookers, Neteller and Firepay that permit online gambling funds. Alternative payment options are usually provided by online poker rooms and casino operators.
Payment by cheque and wire transfer are also popular.

General legal issues

Online gambling is legalized and licensed in many countries which include the United Kingdom, and many countries around the Caribbean Sea.
The United States Federal Appeals Courts decided that electronic transmissions of information for wagering on sports that crosses state lines is prohibited under the Federal Wire Act. Gambling of all kinds is permitted.
Certain states have laws against online gambling of any type. Online gambling operations which are not licensed will be unlawful. At present there is no state that grants licenses for online gaming.

Antigua and Barbuda's government, which is licensed Internet gambling companies, has lodged a complaint with the World Trade Organization regarding the U.S. government’s attempts to restrict gambling online.

The Caribbean country won the preliminary ruling , however WTO's appeals panel partially overturned that favorable decision in April 2005. The appeals ruling allowed gambling to be banned within Louisiana, Massachusetts and South Dakota. However, the appeals panel also ruled that the United States may be violating the rules of trade globally because its laws regulating horse-racing bets were not applied equitably to foreign and domestic betting firms that operate online. The panel also held that certain online gambling restrictions imposed under US federal laws were not in accordance with the trade organization's GATS services agreement.

John G. Malcolm, the Deputy Assistant Attorney General was a witness before the Senate Banking Committee in March 2003 on the specific issues that gambling online poses. Money laundering online is a major concern for the United States Department of Justice. The anonymous nature of the Internet and the use of encryption makes it especially difficult to trace the transactions of money laundering online.

In April 2004 Google and Yahoo!, one player games announced that they were going to remove online gambling advertising from their websites. The announcement was made in the wake of a United States Department of Justice announcement which, according to some claim is a contradiction to the Appeals Court ruling, the Wire Act relating to telephone betting is applicable to all types of Internet gambling, and any advertising of such gambling "may" be deemed to be aiding or assisting. Critics of the Justice Department's decision claim that there is no legal basis for pressuring companies to remove advertisements and that these advertisements are protected under the First Amendment. Yahoo! has provided advertising for "play with money" online gaming.

In February 2005, the North Dakota House of Representatives approved a bill to legalize and regulate online poker as well as online poker cardroom operators within the State. While testifying before the State Senate, the CEO of one online casino, Paradise Poker, pledged to move to the state if the legislation was passed into law. The measure was rejected by the State Senate in March 2005. Jim Kasper, the Representative who sponsored the bill, is planning a ballot initiative in 2006 regarding the issue.

Problem gambling

Because the internet brings gambling directly into the home of a gambler There is a concern that online gambling can raise the likelihood of being a victim of problem gambling. In playing video games United States, the link between availability and problem gambling was examined in 1999 by the National Gambling Impact Study, which concluded that "the presence of a casino within 50 miles is roughly equivalent to double the number of problematic or gambling addicts". This study suggests that the risk of problem gambling may also be made more prevalent by easy access to gambling on the internet.

The report also mentioned the possibility that "the high-speed instant gratification of Internet games and the level of privacy that they provide can exacerbate issues and addiction to gambling". Bernie Horn, of the National Coalition Against Legalized Gambling who presented evidence to Congress that the accessibility of online gambling "magnifies the destructive potential of addiction".




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