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Health and fitness Effects of EMF Radiation
The radiation from RF-EMF can cause damage to DNA, heat up of tissues and even disrupt the blood-brain barrier. These are real-world effects, and ARPANSA is actively involved with the EHS communities, medical experts as well as researchers. The agency will continue to study research related to the health effects caused by EMF radiation.

RF-EMF damages DNA
Exposure to man-made electromagnetic fields (EMFs) is associated with DNA damage as well as health adverse effects. EMFs can alter the intracellular ionic levels that are crucial to maintain a cell's electrochemical balance. It can also alter the balance of cell metabolism, resulting to DNA destruction. Furthermore, exposure to EMFs is also associated with the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Exposure to RF-EMF radiation has been associated with changes in the development of male germ cells. This involves the development of germ cells into spermatozoa, as well functioning maturation as spermatozoa move across the epididymis. To investigate the sensitivity of RF-EMF exposure to male germ cells, a specifically-designed waveguide machine was designed for the exposure of unrestrained mice to RF-EME with a dose of 2.2 W/kg.


In a recent study, researchers found that exposure to RF-EME causes oxidative DNA damage in spermatozoa. Sperm DNA fragmentation increased by 18% following a week of treatment, and by 23% after 5 weeks. Furthermore, DNA damage in mitochondria was observed by measuring the level of a biomarker, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG).

However, the radiation emitted by RF-EMF isn't yet classified as a cancer-causing agent. But, several studies have found that exposure to RF-EMF radiation can damage DNA health in variety of cell varieties. In one study researchers were exposed Vero cells to an EMF that was 100Hz, for about 45 minutes. They measured DNA damage 48 hours after exposure to determine if exposure affected DNA integrity.

RF-EMF causes tissue heating
While the effects of RF-EMF are generally considered as thermal in nature, a few studies have revealed that non-thermal influences are also observed. These effects may account for certain of the unsolved findings in the epidemiological study of EMF hypersensitivity. Therefore, it is important to take into account non-thermal effects when conducting an exhaustive review.

The non-thermal effects of RF-EMF could occur at the cell membrane. emf radiation is an area which has already been thoroughly studied. In particular the electrochemical properties of cell membranes is being studied. The current understanding is that energy from RF-EMFs higher than 1 MHz is transferred to the tissue through dielectric and Ionic dissipation. The theoretical studies have indicated that the energy transferred to tissues could be as high as 200 kV/m.

The electric properties of tissues are controlled through the distribution and composition of water molecules and other molecules in the body. This determines how absorbed RF EMR is by different tissues. The tissues with the highest conductivity tend to absorb more field and cause more of an effect. This is why the level of heating in tissues doesn't increase continuously between the outside and inside the body however, it is more prevalent in hot areas. Bone and fatty tissues are less susceptible to heating by RF than other tissues, because they are not as water-based. content.

The depth of the field's penetration is determined by the frequency and strength of field. Muscle tissue absorbs more field energy than other tissues, and converts it into heat more efficiently. Usually, the depth of penetration of RF-EMF is measured in millimeters (mm). However, the greater the frequency, the deeper the penetration.

RF-EMF causes blood-brain barrier disruption
Researchers have discovered that RF EMF can alter the blood-brain-barrier which can alter sleep patterns and neurotransmitter levels. In addition to this, the effects that EMF on brain activity are linked to neurodegenerative disorders. For instance, EMF from mobile phones can affect electroencephalogram activity and sleep patterns, in addition to the actions of nitric Oxide and xanthin oxidase.

Researchers at Vienna University have studied the effects of exposure to RF-EMF to brain cells. They also studied what effects ELF EMF on brain system. While the mechanisms of the cell involved are not completely known but there is a clear association between ELF-EMF exposure and myelin depletion. This relationship might account for the electro-hypersensitivity symptoms of electro-hypersensitivity. There are, however, tested methods to regenerate myelin within the brain.

Researchers have found that exposure to frequencies of 900 Mhz EMF enhanced the permeability of the BBB and increased symptoms of neuronal damage in rodents. They also observed an increase in the extravasation of neuronal albumin. Furthermore, they discovered in 30 minutes exposure to 900 MHz 99mTc-MIBI accelerated its diffusion into the brain. However this effect did not happen with Evans blue injections.

Despite these findings, RF EMF is not able to provide a definitive method for disrupting the BBB. The evidence suggests that nonthermal EMF exposure can increase erythrocyte membrane permeability, which could alter the BBB and also increase calcium ion efflux. Furthermore, the presence a 99mTc-MIBI radiotracer in the brain has also been connected to increasing the permeability of BBB.

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