Notes

Here are a few Radio Frequency Protective Clothing Options
Clothing that is RF-safe is vital to prevent the harmful effects of RF radiation. There are many options available that protect the human body from this hazard. One of these can be the Swiss Shield fabric. This fabric is an amalgamation of cotton fiber woven with silver copper thread. It's breathable, lightweight and is easy to clean and sew. Furthermore it maintains its shielding from EMFs even after 30 washes. It has also been found to be 99% efficient in defending against radiation from RF up 1000 MHz. It's currently priced around $20 for a linear foot.

Absorption specific rate (SAR)
The SAR of RF-protective clothing is a measurement of how well a piece of clothing can absorb electromagnetic radiation. It is measured in Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) as well as based in ANSI standards. The actual reduction of SAR will be determined by the intensity of the field and the particular characteristics of the protective garment. So, the wearer must assess the effectiveness of the radio frequency protective clothing prior to making a purchase.

In the human and rat model, the SAR can be calculated by the SAR average over a 10-g volume of tissue. For electromagnetic clothing , the average time is 6 minutes for frequencies lower than three GHz and 10 GHz, respectively. However, the rationale for using such a long-term average isn't clear. The original standard recommended the use of a time-span of 0.1 hours. But, this is not an adequate measure due to the fact that it implies less accuracy.

Effect from washing SAR
Chemical compatibility is usually determined by a test known as the permeation breakthrough period. The test determines the amount of chemical permeation through a particular material and is dependent on the chemical content, the thickness of the material and the temperature as well as pressure and humidity. The test is usually conducted on a small amount of substance with a concentration of 100%, and over an extended period of exposure. If the duration of the breakthrough exceeds one hour, the substance is considered to be acceptable. However, the effects of temperature could dramatically reduce the barrier characteristics in protective clothes.

The outcomes of the assessment must be made available to individuals who will use the product and to the upper management as needed. The evaluation results should be incorporated in protective clothing and equipment SOPs and applications, which must consider the aspects that are discussed in this chapter. In particular, the SOPs and applications must include decision trees that relate chemical hazards and protection levels.

The biological effects of RF radiation
There are still a few unanswered concerns regarding the biological effects of radio frequency radiation (RFR). Researchers have conducted epidemiological studies of EMF exposures and health risks. However, most research has concluded no adverse health effects can be attributed to RF exposure. More research is required to determine the effects on biological systems of RFR.


RFR can create a thermal response in living cells, and modify the properties of dielectric molecules. This thermal response can alter the biochemical pathways of living organisms. According to research, a specific absorption rate that is greater than 4 W/kg could increase the temperature of living cells by approximately one degree Celsius. However the effect can be triggered by time.

However, some studies have demonstrated that RF radiation can lead to an increased risk of cancer. Two studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the International Cancer Network Ramazzini Institute (ICNIRP), have proven that mice and lab rats that are subjected to relatively high amounts of radiofrequency energy could increase their risk of developing cancer.

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