Notes

Well being Effects of EMF Radiation
The radiation RF-EMF causes damages to DNA and tissue, and can disrupt the blood-brain-barrier. These effects are real, and ARPANSA is actively engaged within the EHS group, the medical professionals, and researchers. ARPANSA will continue to review research on the health effects caused by EMF radiation.

RF-EMF damages DNA
The exposure to electromagnetic fields created by humans (EMFs) are associated with DNA damage as well as negative health effects. EMFs can disrupt the intracellular ionic concentrations that are crucial to maintain the balance of electrochemical activity in cells. In turn, this can cause disruption to cell homeostasis and result in DNA damage. Additionally exposure to EMFs is also linked to an increase in the production of free radicals as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS).

The exposure to radiation from RF-EMF has been associated with changes in male germ cell development. This results in the differentiation of the germ cell into spermatozoa, as well maturation of the functional aspect as spermatozoa pass across the epididymis. To investigate the sensitivity of RF-EMF exposure to male germ cells A specially designed waveguide machine was constructed to expose non-restrained mice to RF-EMF in the range of 2.2 W/kg.

In a study that was conducted recently, researchers found exposure to RF-EME causes an oxidative DNA damage to spermatozoa. Sperm DNA fragmentation was increased by 18% after one week of treatment and by 23% after five weeks. Furthermore, DNA damage in mitochondria was observed by measuring the level of a biomarker, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG).

Despite this it isn't yet considered a carcinogen. However, numerous studies have found that exposure to RF-EMF radiation can damage the integrity of DNA in variety of cell types. In one study researchers subjected Vero cells to an EMF that was 100Hz, for 45 minutes. They measured DNA damage within 48 hours of exposure to determine if the exposure affected DNA integrity.

The effect of RF-EMF on tissue heating
Although the effects of RF-EMF are usually considered to have thermal origins, a few studies have demonstrated that non-thermal influences are also present. These factors could be responsible for some of the unsolved issues in epidemiological studies of EMF hypersensitivity. Find out more is why it is crucial to look at the non-thermal aspects when conducting a systematic review.

The non-thermal effects of RF-EMF may occur at the cell membrane. This is a field which has already been extensively investigated. Particularly the electrochemical properties of cell membranes is being studied. It is believed that energy from RF-EMF higher than 1 MHz gets transferred to the tissue via dielectric and ionic dissipation. Previous theoretical analyses indicated that the energy that is transferred to the tissue could be up to 200 kV/m.

The electric properties of tissue are regulated in the form and quantity of water molecules and ions, and other molecules inside the body. This determines how absorbed EMR from RF is absorbed by different tissues. Organs with greater conductivity are likely to absorb more field and cause more of an impact. This is the reason the degree of heating in tissues does not increase steadily between the outside and inside the body however, it is more prevalent in hot areas. Bone and fatty tissue is less prone to RF heating than other tissues, because they are not as water-based. content.

The intensity of the field's penetration is determined by the strength and frequency of the field. Muscle tissue is more able to absorb field energies than the other tissue and converts it to heat more efficiently. Usually, the depth of penetration that RFEMF has is measured by millimeters (mm). However, the higher the frequency, shallower the penetration.

RF-EMF causes blood-brain barrier disruption
Researchers have discovered that RF-EMF can alter the blood-brain-barrier changing sleep patterns as well as neurotransmitter levels. Furthermore to this, the effects that EMF in brain activities have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders. For instance, EMF from mobile phones can alter electroencephalogram activity as well as sleep patterns, as well as the activities of nitric oxide and xanthin oxide.

Researchers at the Vienna University have studied the effects of exposure to RF-EMF in brain cells. They also examined how ELF EMFs on the nervous system. While the mechanisms of the cell aren't completely understood but there is a clear connection between exposure to ELF-EMF and depletion of myelin. This relationship might account for the electro-hypersensitivity symptoms of electro-hypersensitivity. There are, however, proven methods for regenerating myelin inside the brain.

Researchers have observed that exposure to frequencies of 900 Mhz EMF enhanced the permeability of BBB and raised signs of neuronal damage in rats. They also observed an increase in the release of albumin into neurons. Additionally, they observed the following: after about 30 min of exposure at 900 MHz 99mTcMIBI increased its penetration to the cerebral cortex. However this effect didn't occur when using Evans blue injections.


Despite these findings, RF-EMF does not have a clear mechanism to disrupt the BBB. Research suggests that EMF exposure can increase erythrocyte membrane permeability. This could alter the BBB and enhance calcium ion efflux. Moreover, the presence of a 99mTc-MIBI radiotracer within the brain has also been connected to an increase in the permeability and permeability of the BBB.

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