Notes

What was the process that led to Roundup Ready and Roundup develop?
First, what exactly is Roundup Ready? Roundup Ready, a trademark for a line patented of genetically modified seeds resistant the herbicide Roundup, is a name used to describe Roundup Ready. The crops are referred to as Roundup Ready.

Roundup was created by who?
John Franz, Monsanto's chemist who first discovered Glyphosate as an herbicide in Roundup in 1970. In the year 1970, the majority of herbicides used in the agricultural field were pre-emergent. That is, they were sprayed before crop and weeds were established. The post-emergent activity of glyphosate in reducing the spread of grass and broadleaf weeds was very different, which when combined with its extraordinary environmental (soil inactivation rapid degradation, no carryover) and toxicological properties (extremely minimal toxicity for beneficial organisms and mammals) and made it an outstanding product.

ラウンドアップ When was the time that Roundup launched?
Roundup(r), an herbicide with broad spectrum, was first introduced to the market in 1974. It quickly became become the top-selling agricultural chemical. Roundup(r) was initially was used in ditches on railroads and in fields between the growth seasons. ラウンドアップ This helped farmers control broadleaf and grass weeds emerging from the soil. This eliminated the need for tillageand preserved soil structure and reduced soil erosion.

The Roundup Ready GMOs followed.
Monsanto scientists saw the potential benefits Roundup(r) Recombinant DNA product could have for farmers after the technological breakthroughs of the 1970s. The challenge was first tackled by a small group of scientists, led by Dr. Ernie Jaworski (Rob Horsch and Steve Rogers), The team created the first method of introducing genetic to plants in the early 1980s. ラウンドアップ We then began to work on creating viruses resistant plants, insect resistant and Roundup-tolerant.

It was found that Roundup glyphosate inhibited plants' ability to create aromatic amino acids. Roundup's extremely high rating of mammalian safety is due to this fact. Glyphosate also was quickly broken down in the soil by microorganisms. https://pesticide.maff.go.jp/agricultural-chemicals/details/14360 Our researchers discovered both plant and microbe genes that conferred tolerance to herbicides. The USDA approved the first field tests of Roundup Ready plants in 1987. This was a genetically modified variety of tomato plants that were resistant to Roundup. In the following years, the Roundup Ready trait originated from bacteria and was isolated.

Let's use soybeans as an illustration. The first step is to answer two questions. What is Roundup Ready soybeans and how do they get made? ラウンドアップ Roundup Ready soybeans are genetically engineered to be resistant to the herbicide Roundup. Because every soybean seed was infected with the Roundup Ready gene before planting the seeds, they are insensitive to the chemical glyphosate. This means farmers can spray their fields with herbicide and not harm their crops.

Roundup Ready crops, which were first introduced in 1996, changed agricultural science and farming. Roundup resistance soon was a favored crop in the U.S. More than 90% of U.S. soybeans as well as cotton, corn and canola farms now employ this biotech characteristic. Roundup Ready crops have not only made it easier and more efficient to manage weeds methods, but also cut down on the cost of tillage and equipment. This allowed for easier harvests and a lower number of weeds. The increase in the utilization of conservation tillage can be an important environmental benefit. By the reduction of plowing, farmers can reduce the amount of energy used and also GHG emissions while maintaining soil structure and reducing erosion. This is equivalent to the removal of 28.3 billion kilograms of carbon dioxide (or 12.4 million vehicles) from the roads. Source: PG Economy.
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