Notes

Key points

Harold Godwinson had defeated Harold Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge on 25 September 1066. For more on the claimants to the throne in 1066, read this guide.

Three days later, William of Normandy invaded England, seeking to claim the throne.
William and Harold fought at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October.

William was victorious and was crowned King of England on Christmas Day, 1066.


Who fought in the Battle of Hastings?
The two sides:

Types of soldiers; Harold’s army was largely made up of the fyrd and housecarls. William had a range of soldiers available to him: cavalry, archers and foot soldiers.

Fighting experience Harold’s army had a mix of fighting experience. The fyrd were part-time soldiers who were called up to fight when needed. They had little training and were not well armed, often using farming tools for weapons. The housecarls were well-trained, professional soldiers. It is believed that William’s army had more fighting experience overall.


size It is believed Harold had between 7,000 and 8,000 soldiers at Hastings. Most historians think William’s army was also between 7,000 and 8,000 soldiers.




energy Harold’s army were tired from just defeating Harald Hardrada at Stamford Bridge. William’s army were well-rested and ready for battle.




William had the stronger army. His men were well-rested, better trained, and generally had more experience in battle. He also had a wider range of soldiers available, with archers and cavalry.