Notes

Genetically modified crops offer more advantages than weeds

Wild plants could be given resistance to herbicides.

Credit Xiao Yang
One common genetic-modification method used to make crops more resistant to herbicides was found to be superior over the weedy varieties of rice. The finding suggests that the effects of such modification could extend beyond the confines of farms out into the wild.

A wide range of crops has been genetically modified so that they become immune to Roundup herbicide glyphosate. This allows farmers to eradicate weeds from their fields without causing harm to their crops.

Glyphosate may hinder the growth of plants by inhibiting EPSP synase, an enzyme involved in the production amino acids as well as other chemicals which comprise around 35% of plant mass. https://search.rakuten.co.jp/search/mall/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97+%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89/ The genetic modification technique employed by Monsanto's Roundup Ready crops, which are based in St Louis (Missouri), typically involves inserting genes in the DNA of a plant to boost EPSP synthase's production. ラウンドアップ amazon ラウンドアップ The genes typically come from bacteria that are infected with plants.

The plant is able to resist the adverse effects of glyphosate due to its additional EPSP-synthase. Biotechnology labs have also attempted to use plants' genes to boost EPSP-synthase levels, in part to take advantage of a loophole in the American system that allows for regulatory approval of transgenes which are not derived from by bacterial pests.

https://www.nouyaku-tsuhan.jp/SHOP/K03777.html There aren't many studies that have examined the possibility that transgenes, such as glyphosate-resistant ones can -- once introduced to weedy or wild plants via cross-pollination make these plants more competitive in reproduction, survival and growth. Norman Ellstrand of University of California Riverside says, "The conventional expectation is that any transgene found in the wild could be detrimental if there's no pressure to select because the additional machinery may decrease the fitness."

Lu Baorong is an Ecologist at Fudan University Shanghai. His study shows that glyphosate resistance provides a significant fitness benefit, even though it's not used.

The study was published in 1. Lu and his colleagues have genetically modified rice to increase its EPSP synthase expression , and then crossed it with a weedy relative.

The team then allowed the offspring of cross-breeding to be bred with each other to produce second-generation hybrids. They were genetically identical with the exception of the number and count of the EPSP synthase gene. As one would expect, the higher number of copies produced higher levels of enzyme as well as more tryptophan than their counterparts that were not modified.

Researchers also found that transgenic hybrids were more photogenic, produced more plants per plant, and produced 48 to 125 percent more seeds than varieties that were not transgenic.

Lu believes that making rice that is weedy less competitive could make it more difficult for farmers whose plots are affected by pests.

Brian Ford-Lloyd is Brian Ford-Lloyd is a UK plant geneticist and states, "If the EPSP synthase gene gets in the wild rice species their genetic diversity could be at risk, which is crucial because the genotype that has transgene outcompetes the normal species." This is one of the clearest examples of extremely likely negative effects of GM crop on the environment."

ラウンドアップ 稲 The study also challenges the public belief that crops modified genetically that carry additional copies of their own genes are safer than those containing the genes of microorganisms. "Our study suggests that this isn't always the case," Lu says. Lu.

Researchers have said that this discovery calls for a review of the regulations for the future on genetically modified crops. Ellstrand says that "some people are now of the opinion that biosafety regulation could be relaxed due to our an incredibly comfortable relationship with genetic engineering over the last two decades." This study isn't proof that new products are safe.

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