Notes

Biomass pellet burner, timber pellet burning system<br>
Biomass pellet heaters can be used in home heating, cooking, drying out and also various other fields by matching with boilers, heaters or hot-blast cooktops. A properly designed wood pellet heaters can increase the burning efficiency of biomass pellets as much as more than 86%. As biomass pellets have uniform size as well as density, they can realize automatic feeding as well as continuous burning.



Categories of biomass pellet burners

According to various feeding technique, the pellet burners can be classified right into 3 kinds: top feed kind, bottom feed kind, as well as horizon feed type.



Upper feed type pellet burner

Upper feed kind pellet burners are the most extensively made use of in boilers and also ovens. Many upper feed type burning device has blanking channel on the inner wall surface, which the pellet gas pass through and also get involved in the burning chamber. The key air as well as the cozy air needed for automatic ignition can be found in with all-time low of the burning chamber. The secondary air been available in via the holes on the wall of the combustion chamber.



Upper feed type pellet burner is generally geared up with a blower to give burning air as well as promote warm exchange in between ranges and bordering air. To facilitate ash eliminating, the grate is made to be hand-operated or automatic, so that the ash comes under the dust collection agency with the grate movement.



Bottom feed type pellet heater

Bottom feed type burners are originally used for the burning of timber chips, after that they slowly end up being usable for biomass pellet gas. The pellet gas are fed to the combustion bed through the pipe at the bottom of the pellet burner by the feed conveyor. The main air get involved in the combustion chamber through the holes on the feeding gadget or the combustion bed. And the secondary air enter into the burning chamber through the holes over the burning bed. The bottom feed type pellet burner doesn't need a separate dirt collector. The ash after shedding are squeezed into the dirt collection agency or ash transmission system under.



Horizon feed kind pellet burner

The working concept of horizon feed type pellet heater coincides with bottom kind feed kind. animal feed pellet mill machine is the form of the burning bed. Besides, horizon feed type pellet heater need added dirt collection agency.



Feed conveyor in the pellet burning system

Most of the times, the combustion burner is separated with the supply container, so there need to be a feed system between them. The feed system serves to feed the wood pellet fuel to the combustion chamber. The feeding speed is identified by the warm need. One of the most typical feeding methods are spiral conveyor and air movement sharing system.



Spiral conveyor

Spiral conveyor is the most typical sort of feeding gadget. It has simple framework, tiny volume as well as small layout. It is very easy to run and also take care of, with high security and excellent sealing. It is suitable for short-distance sharing. The rate is reduced but the power consumption is fairly high. It is sensitive to the steels, minerals and also other contaminations, so it needs the biomass pellet fuels are uniform, clean and under certain size.



Air movement sharing system

If the pellet heater has large range with the stock bin, air movement communicating system is more suitable. floating fish feed pellet machine of air flow conveyor is similar with vacuum. Under solid suction of the pneumatic tool, the wood pellets get into the combustion chamber through the pipeline.



The air movement communicating system can realize long-distance as well as continuous conveying of small pellets and also small-size block products. It can realize horizontal as well as inclined conveying. The air flow conveyor includes easy structure, excellent sealing, easy installation and also maintenance. Yet the transmission rate is not uniform and consistent, the exhaust sound is big, and also the rate is relatively high.



The procedure and control of pellet heaters

Ignition

Pellet burners adopt 2 means of ignition: digital ignition gadget and pilot flam. Electric ignition is a lot more basic to control, with less contaminant discharge than pilot flam.



Warm performance

To guarantee the cleanliness of pellet heater, you need to avoid multiple introducing or using pilot flam, and make certain the combustion problem is steady. Properly designed pellet burner can attain more than 90% performance at ranked warm. Even under reduced load or unstable load, the warmth performance is above 86%.



Burning control

The pellet burner can change the feed quantity or combustion air quantity to control the burning process. According to the warm need, the pellet burner generally has a number of different output equipments. When the result warmth is less than the set level, the pellet heater will run automatically until it achieves the set level.




The pellet burner is generally outfitted with a temperature level sensing unit to keep track of the warm output. The burning air is provided by wind blower as well as kept an eye on and managed by a sensor. Tiny pellet heaters takes on thermostat to manage the warmth outcome, while big burners takes on more complex techniques.



Running modes

Pellet burners has 2 main running modes. The initial setting is represented by Sweden. The pellet heater is an independent device. It usually matches with a typical boiler. The feeding, ignition and also combustion are automatic. However the heat result is uncontrollable or only has 2 grades, complete outcome and also half outcome.



The other setting is stood for by Austria. The feeding, ignition, burning and also ash cleaning are automated. The heat outcome can be readjusted within a particular variety, for instance, 30% -100%. It is easy to use, however the rate is 50% higher than the initial setting.



Ash elimination gadget

The ash removing approach of a timber pellet burner are mechanical scratching as well as mechanical vibration. Some pellet heaters are outfitted with ash compressor to make sure very long time running. Well-designed pellet heater require little upkeep. The majority of ash removal gadget in pellet burners can satisfy the need of cleansing once a week.



Pollutant discharge

The smoke of biomass pellet burner mainly consists of CxHy and also CO. They are generated by the not enough burning of timber pellets, influenced by the structure of the wood pellets. The smoke from pellet heater is little bit, particularly those with inlet and exhaust gadgets. As the nitrogen and also sulfur content in the biomass pellet fuel is low, so the NOx as well as Sox discharge is much less than coal.



Issues of biomass pellet burner

The modern technology of pellet burner is getting fully grown with the boosting application of biomass pellet gas. However presently, the wood pellet heater still have some troubles: the ranges are not vast, the application areas are limited.



High ash deposition as well as slagging price

The Si web content is high in straw products. The contortion temperature of straw ash is generally 750 ~ 1000 ℃, so the ash deposition speed is higher than timber pellets.




Ash elimination is an issue that can not be ignored in biomass pellet burner. The ash deposit normally consists of huge amounts of alkaline elements and chloride. The scale as well as slag will not just affect the warm effectiveness of the heater, yet also threaten the safety of melting devices.



According to research, the potassium, chloride as well as sulfur elements has excellent impact on slagging. The slagging rate increase together with the temperature, the size of hearth, as well as the density of gas.



Chlorine corrosion

Straw pellets includes high antacids steel as well as chlorine content. In combustion process, nearly all the chlorines have vaporize. They become HCL, CL2 and also antacid chloride. As the smoke obtain cooled down, the alkali chloride harden externally of warmth exchanger. They have reaction and generate sulfate and also chloride, which has strong oxidizing capacity. They can accelerate the corrosion of steels, as well as reduced the warmth transfer performance. Hereof, straw pellets has more damage to the pellet heater than timber pellets. To put it simply, straw pellets has higher demand on the burning gadget.



Low level of automation

Previously, a large portion of pellet heaters still embrace hand-operated feeding and also half-automatic feeding system. The reduced degree of automation hinders the massive application of wood pellet fuel.



Many tiny pellet heaters ventilate normally, so they typically have the troubles of not enough combustion as well as high pollutant exhaust.



Final thought

Biomass pellet burners have been commonly used in heat supply, biomass boiler and also biomass power generation. Well-designed pellet burner can boost the heating performance, lower slag as well as contaminant exhaust, and save labor job. With the enhancing application of biomass energy, it has greater need on the pellet burning technology.


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