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Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry evaluation<br>
Sweden is just one of the globe's biggest wood pellet fuel producer and customer. It's wood pellet production innovation, sector plan, as well as market model are prominent. In this passage, I will certainly do extensive analysis on Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry, and exercise some useful experiences.



Introduction

In the 1970s, many nations have made policies to promote biomass energy as a means to cope with power situation and atmosphere pollution. Since then, biomass energy market has actually created rapidly, and also the innovation maintain boosting.



Because of the lack of mineral sources, Sweden's economy experienced fantastic loss in last century. To make small poultry feed machine and security, Sweden federal government strive to create renewable energy.



Biomass pellet fuel has the attributes of high burning performance, reduced ash content, absolutely no carbon emission, easy transport, which has actually been preferred in Europe as well as The United States And Canada. With bountiful forestry sources, Sweden pay much attention to the growth of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden occupies 20% of the globe's biomass fuel intake, which grows up at the speed of 8-10%.



Sweden forestry resources as well as biomass materials

Sweden has abundant forestry resources. The woodland covers 64% of the land area, with 51% owned by individuals, 24% by huge wood companies, as well as 25% by nations and other public companies. Besides, the forestry grows by 100 million loads yearly, and also the deforestation quantity is 92.4 million lots. The major forestry industries are wood handling, paper handling, and also power wood. The wood products for making biomass energy mostly originated from the 3 sectors above, regarding 23.48 m3.



Resources of wood pellets

Of the raw materials for making wood pellets, wood shavings use up 53%, sawdust 35%, and also wood chips 5%, others (barks, agriculture deposits, power forestry) occupies 7%. Some little wood pellet manufacturing facility are built base upon chipboard, furniture as well as sawdust mills.



With more companies taking part in biomass fuel production, the competition on the raw materials end up being much more strong. As the plant straws in Sweden remain in scattered distribution, they are hard to accumulate and also process. So some producers and institutes are establishing brand-new products like peat as well as power crops.



Wood pellet producing innovation and devices

The pellet molding modern technology has actually grown in Sweden. Nowadays, it has actually achieved business and market production. The manufacturing process includes high automation, calling for much less drivers. The picture below showed the wood pellet manufacturing process.



Drying: usually, the moisture material of sawdust is around 50%. A drum clothes dryer can lower the wetness content to 9-12% so that it is gotten approved for making pellets.

Crushing: the size of basic materials need to be under 5mm. They need a hammer mill to minimize the size.

Conditioning: add high-heat steam to the raw products as well as soften the cellulous in it. biomass pellet machine than half of the pellet fuel producers have conditioning procedure in manufacturing.

Pellet molding: many wood pellet factories utilize upright kind ring pass away pellet device. The production capability of one maker is 2-4ton/ h. The service life of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.

Cooling: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet device go to the temperature of 100 ℃. Pellets under this problem are very easy to break and troublesome for transportation. A counter-flow cooler can cool the wood pellets in a moderate method.

Packing: the cooled pellets require to be identified and packaged according to consumers' requirement. Tiny bags are 16kg, large bags are 900kg. For huge customers like power plant, the wood pellets are transferred by trucks and ships wholesale.

Biomass pellets classification and application

In 1999, Sweden government published the standard of wood pellet fuel, in which they are identified into 3 courses. The first class has high quality. They can be utilized in domestic tiny heaters and stoves.The 2nd as well as 3rd don't have top quality. They are used by big commercial clients.



Presently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can fulfill this standard. Several of them can fulfill the EU criterion, others are not created according to this criterion.



Wood pellet fuel can be used in little central heating boilers, medium-scale as well as massive home heating supply center and power plant. Currently, Sweden has 60% of wood pellet fuel for small as well as moderate heating central heating boilers as well as local home heating supply facility, as well as 40% for large heating supply facility and co-firing nuclear power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden local home heating plant take on coal to replace oil. After the establish of CO2 exhaust tax obligation, these heating plant count on biomass fuel from coal. In the last decade, the amount of biomass fuel for heating grows from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Currently, concerning 400 regional home heating plant has taken on wood pellet fuel.



Since the mid 1990s, residential wood pellet market has actually made excellent development. In the last decades, using domestic heating wood pellets grows rapidly. Currently, Sweden has 200,000 households making use of wood pellet central heating boilers, 40,000 family members making use of wood pellet cooktops.




Sweden biomass energy advancement objective and also policy

To advertise the constant development of biomass power, Sweden has actually made a collection of regulations and plans. To make sure the apply of these plans, the government likewise made lots of feasible supervision procedures and also mandatory market criterion.



Sweden not just fulfill the commitment stated Kyoto Method that reduced greenhouse discharge by 8%, however additionally set its own growth objective of biomass energy. In 2006, the Minister for sustainable growth department claimed that Sweden will totally use biofuels as well as stop making use of oil, and also come to be the very first nation that completely depend on renewable energy.



By 2020, Sweden will enhance its proportion of renewable energy to 50%, the use proportion of renewable resource in transportation market to 10%, power performance by 20%, and also cut the emission of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel incentive plan

Sweden has actually executed high rate procurement, investment subsidies, tax obligation reduction as well as exemption, quota system as well as other biomass energy reward plan.



Since 1975, Sweden invests 36 million Euro from government budget to sustain biomass innovation growth. From 1997 to 2002, the federal government gave 25% financial investment subsidy to biomass cogeneration projects. From 2004-2006, the government offered 1350 Euros for residents who make use of biomass heating unit.



Sweden usually lay high tax obligation on fuels, powers, CO2, SO2, and so on. To advertise the advancement of biomass energy, to exempt all taxes on biomass projects. In 1991, Sweden federal government begins to lay tax obligation on CO2 emission, that makes the price of oil and also fossil fuel increase. Numerous warmth supply facility as well as power plants changes from fossil fuel to biomass fuel.



To encourage the nuclear power plant to make use of biomass energy, Sweden government introduced electric power quota system. This policy requires the power suppliers to have certain part of electrical power produced by renewable resource. For each 1MWh electrical energy, the federal government will give tax relief based upon the biomass power amount.



Sweden wood pellet fuel burning device

Sweden wood pellet shedding modern technology is in the leading setting. There have mored than 20 pellet heater makers, over 50 kinds of wood pellet boilers, 120,000 sets of pellet central heating boilers, 20,000 collections of pellet stoves. As there are still many households utilizing electrical home heating, the pellet boilers have huge potential.



Sweden pellet burning tools has central home heating central heating boiler and also biomass stove 2 kinds.



Central home heating central heating boiler can be utilized in 1 or even more families. The thermal send with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be adjusted by 30% -100% according to demands. The main home heating boilers likewise has 2 types. The mixed boiler is linked by a pellet burner as well as a standard boiler. The central heating boiler can connect with various heaters. The incorporated central heating boilers are mostly imported from Austria and also Germany, some generated by domestic suppliers.



Biomass stoves or heating system


Biomass stoves also has 2 kinds. Independent pellet stove and Smokeshaft piece type heating system. The former on is much more prominent. The independent pellet range has a pellet stock bin inside, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day use.



Biomass pellet range can understand automatic dental filling and burning. Based on various feeding method, pellet cooktops has leading feed, lower feed and straight feed 3 types. Top feed pellet ranges are the most preferred. Owing to high convenience and tidiness, small pellet cooktops offer well over the last few years.



Functions of Sweden biomass fuel industry

Sweden has abundant forestry resources and also plentiful forestry waste, which become the major resources for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet market has been fully marketed. A lot of manufacturers are large and moderate business, with mature technology. Tiny wood pellet manufacturing facilities are mainly build on chipboard, furniture and also saw mills.

The government has actually made detailed regulations as well as policies to drive the wood pellet production. This is why the wood pellet industry creates swiftly considering that the 1990s.

Criterion for wood pellet fuel maintain improving. In the 1990s, Sweden published the criterion for wood pellets, and also determined the strategy day of pellet fuel as well as burners.

Fully grown burning modern technology as well as equipment. In recent times, Sweden's manufacturing of pellet boiler and pellet home heating stoves keep raising.

Perfect quality control system. Sweden government stipulated that the wood pellet fuel and also burning equipment should get third-party screening accreditations before entering the market.



Verdict

Sweden is a major wood pellet fuel producer as well as customer on the planet. Biomass energy plays a crucial duty in its production as well as way of life. Around the globe, biomass pellets are mosting likely to play a more important duty in heating supply, power generation, and commercial manufacturing.


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