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Sweden biomass pellet fuel sector evaluation<br>
Sweden is one of the world's largest wood pellet fuel producer and also consumer. It's wood pellet manufacturing innovation, market policy, and market design are prominent. In this flow, I will do detailed evaluation on Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry, and exercise some helpful experiences.



Intro

In the 1970s, numerous nations have actually made plans to advertise biomass energy as a means to handle power crisis as well as environment air pollution. Ever since, biomass energy industry has actually created rapidly, as well as the technology maintain enhancing.




As a result of the lack of mineral resources, Sweden's economic climate endured terrific loss in last century. To ensure national energy protection, Sweden federal government aim to create renewable energy.



Biomass pellet fuel has the features of high burning performance, low ash web content, zero carbon exhaust, very easy transportation, which has been prominent in Europe and The United States And Canada. With abundant forestry sources, Sweden pay much focus to the development of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden occupies 20% of the globe's biomass fuel consumption, which matures at the rate of 8-10%.



Sweden forestry sources as well as biomass materials

Sweden has abundant forestry sources. The forest covers 64% of the acreage, with 51% owned by people, 24% by large wood firms, as well as 25% by countries and also other public organizations. Besides, the forestry expands by 100 million bunches annually, as well as the logging amount is 92.4 million tons. The major forestry industries are wood processing, paper processing, and energy wood. The wood products for making biomass power mainly come from the 3 markets above, about 23.48 m3.



Resources of wood pellets

Of the raw materials for making wood pellets, wood shavings use up 53%, sawdust 35%, as well as wood chips 5%, others (barks, farming residues, power forestry) takes up 7%. richi pellet mill manufacturing facility are developed base on chipboard, furnishings and sawdust mills.



With more firms engaging in biomass fuel production, the competition on the raw products come to be extra tough. As the crop straws in Sweden are in scattered circulation, they are hard to collect and also refine. So some producers and institutes are developing brand-new materials like peat as well as energy crops.



Wood pellet producing technology and also devices

The pellet molding modern technology has actually grown in Sweden. Nowadays, it has actually accomplished business as well as market production. The manufacturing process includes high automation, requiring less operators. The picture listed below showed the wood pellet production procedure.



Drying: usually, the wetness web content of sawdust is around 50%. A drum dryer can reduce the dampness material to 9-12% so that it is received making pellets.

Crushing: the dimension of raw materials ought to be under 5mm. They need a hammer mill to decrease the size.

Conditioning: add high-heat vapor to the raw products as well as soften the cellulous in it. Majority of the pellet fuel manufacturers have conditioning process in manufacturing.

Pellet molding: the majority of wood pellet manufacturing facilities use upright kind ring pass away pellet device. The manufacturing capability of one maker is 2-4ton/ h. The service life of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.

Air conditioning: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet device are at the temperature level of 100 ℃. Pellets under this problem are easy to break and also bothersome for transportation. A counter-flow colder can cool off the wood pellets in a modest method.

Packing: the cooled down pellets require to be classified and also packaged according to customers' requirement. Small bags are 16kg, big bags are 900kg. For big clients like power plant, the wood pellets are moved by trucks as well as ships wholesale.

Biomass pellets category and also application

In 1999, Sweden government released the criterion of wood pellet fuel, in which they are categorized into 3 courses. The first class has excellent quality. They can be utilized in domestic small heaters and stoves.The 2nd and also third don't have top quality. They are made use of by large industrial clients.



Currently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can satisfy this standard. Several of them can satisfy the EU requirement, others are not produced according to this requirement.



Wood pellet fuel can be applied in tiny central heating boilers, medium-scale and also massive home heating supply facility as well as nuclear power plant. Currently, richi machinery has 60% of wood pellet fuel for tiny and also moderate home heating boilers and also regional heating supply facility, as well as 40% for big home heating supply facility and co-firing power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden regional home heating plant adopt coal to replace oil. After the pass of carbon dioxide emission tax obligation, these heating plant rely on biomass fuel from coal. In the last years, the quantity of biomass fuel for heating grows from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Presently, regarding 400 local home heating plant has actually taken on wood pellet fuel.



Because the mid 1990s, domestic wood pellet market has actually made terrific development. In the last decades, making use of residential heating wood pellets grows rapidly. Currently, Sweden has 200,000 family members using wood pellet boilers, 40,000 families using wood pellet ranges.



Sweden biomass energy advancement goal and plan

To promote the constant growth of biomass power, Sweden has actually made a series of legislations and plans. To guarantee the execute of these policies, the federal government additionally made several possible guidance steps and mandatory market requirement.



Sweden not just meet the responsibility stated Kyoto Protocol that cut greenhouse discharge by 8%, but also set its very own growth objective of biomass power. In 2006, the Minister for sustainable advancement division asserted that Sweden will completely use biofuels as well as stop making use of oil, as well as end up being the initial country that completely rely upon renewable energy.



By 2020, Sweden will certainly increase its percentage of renewable energy to 50%, the use proportion of renewable resource in transport industry to 10%, power effectiveness by 20%, as well as cut the emission of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel incentive policy

Sweden has actually carried out high price purchase, financial investment subsidies, tax decrease and exemption, quota system as well as other biomass energy reward plan.



Since 1975, Sweden spends 36 million Euro from government spending plan to support biomass modern technology development. From 1997 to 2002, the government gave 25% investment aid to biomass cogeneration tasks. From 2004-2006, the government supplied 1350 Euros for residents that make use of biomass heating unit.



Sweden generally lay high tax on fuels, energies, CO2, SO2, etc. To advertise the growth of biomass energy, to spare all tax obligations on biomass tasks. In 1991, Sweden federal government starts to lay tax on CO2 discharge, that makes the price of oil and also fossil fuel rise. Numerous warm supply center and nuclear power plant switches over from nonrenewable fuel source to biomass fuel.



To urge the nuclear power plant to make use of biomass power, Sweden federal government introduced electric power quota system. This plan needs the power suppliers to have certain part of electricity generated by renewable resource. For every single 1MWh electricity, the government will certainly give tax obligation alleviation based upon the biomass power amount.



Sweden wood pellet fuel burning tool

Sweden wood pellet burning modern technology is in the leading setting. There have mored than 20 pellet heater manufacturers, over 50 sorts of wood pellet central heating boilers, 120,000 sets of pellet central heating boilers, 20,000 sets of pellet stoves. As there are richi machinery making use of electrical home heating, the pellet boilers have big possibility.



Sweden pellet burning equipment has main home heating boiler as well as biomass oven 2 types.



Central home heating boiler can be used in 1 or even more family members. The thermal transmit with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be adjusted by 30% -100% according to demands. The main heating boilers likewise has 2 kinds. The consolidated central heating boiler is connected by a pellet burner as well as a typical boiler. The boiler can get in touch with different heaters. The incorporated boilers are primarily imported from Austria and Germany, some created by domestic manufacturers.



Biomass ovens or heating system

Biomass stoves also has 2 kinds. Independent pellet cooktop and Chimney piece kind furnace. The previous on is a lot more popular. The independent pellet oven has a pellet supply container within, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day usage.



Biomass pellet stove can realize automatic filling and also burning. Based upon various feeding approach, pellet ranges has leading feed, lower feed as well as straight feed 3 kinds. Top feed pellet cooktops are the most preferred. Owing to high benefit and cleanliness, tiny pellet stoves sell well in the last few years.



Attributes of Sweden biomass fuel sector


Sweden has rich forestry sources as well as plentiful forestry waste, which come to be the main raw materials for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet market has actually been fully marketed. A lot of makers are large as well as moderate firms, with mature innovation. Tiny wood pellet factories are mainly improve chipboard, furnishings as well as saw mills.

The federal government has made detailed legislations and also policies to drive the wood pellet production. This is why the wood pellet market establishes swiftly considering that the 1990s.

Standard for wood pellet fuel maintain enhancing. In the 1990s, Sweden published the standard for wood pellets, as well as measured the technique date of pellet fuel and heaters.

Fully grown burning technology as well as devices. In recent times, Sweden's manufacturing of pellet central heating boiler and pellet home heating stoves maintain raising.

Perfect quality assurance system. Sweden federal government stated that the wood pellet fuel and also burning equipment must obtain third-party screening qualifications before entering the market.



Final thought

Sweden is a significant wood pellet fuel producer and customer worldwide. Biomass energy plays an essential role in its production as well as lifestyle. Around the world, biomass pellets are going to play a more vital role in home heating supply, power generation, and industrial manufacturing.


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