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Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry analysis<br>
Sweden is just one of the globe's largest wood pellet fuel manufacturer as well as customer. It's wood pellet production technology, sector plan, and market design project. In this passage, I will do comprehensive evaluation on Sweden biomass pellet fuel sector, and also work out some helpful experiences.



Intro

In the 1970s, many countries have actually made plans to promote biomass power as a way to cope with power crisis and setting air pollution. Since then, extruder machine for fish feed has actually created quickly, as well as the modern technology maintain enhancing.



Due to the absence of mineral sources, Sweden's economic climate experienced excellent loss in last century. To make sure national power protection, Sweden government strive to establish renewable energy.



Biomass pellet fuel has the functions of high burning efficiency, reduced ash material, absolutely no carbon exhaust, simple transportation, which has actually been prominent in Europe and also North America. With bountiful forestry resources, Sweden pay much focus to the development of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden occupies 20% of the world's biomass fuel intake, which grows up at the speed of 8-10%.



Sweden forestry sources as well as biomass products

Sweden has plentiful forestry sources. The forest covers 64% of the land area, with 51% possessed by individuals, 24% by huge wood firms, and also 25% by nations as well as various other public companies. Besides, the forestry grows by 100 million bunches yearly, and the deforestation amount is 92.4 million loads. The major forestry industries are wood handling, paper processing, and energy wood. The wood materials for making biomass energy mainly come from the 3 markets above, concerning 23.48 m3.



Resources of wood pellets

Of the raw materials for making wood pellets, wood shavings take up 53%, sawdust 35%, as well as wood chips 5%, others (barks, agriculture residues, power forestry) takes up 7%. Some small wood pellet manufacturing facility are constructed base on chipboard, furniture and sawdust mills.



With more companies taking part in biomass fuel production, the competitors on the raw materials end up being more strong. As the crop straws in Sweden are in scattered circulation, they are difficult to accumulate as well as process. So some producers and institutes are creating new materials like peat and also energy plants.



Wood pellet making innovation as well as devices

The pellet molding innovation has developed in Sweden. Nowadays, it has attained commercial as well as market production. The production procedure includes high automation, calling for much less drivers. The picture below showed the wood pellet production process.



Drying out: typically, the dampness material of sawdust is around 50%. A drum dryer can reduce the moisture material to 9-12% to ensure that it is qualified for making pellets.

Crushing: the size of raw materials need to be under 5mm. They require a hammer mill to decrease the dimension.

Conditioning: add high-heat steam to the raw products and soften the cellulous in it. Over half of the pellet fuel producers have conditioning process in manufacturing.

Pellet molding: most wood pellet factories use vertical type ring pass away pellet device. The manufacturing ability of one machine is 2-4ton/ h. The life span of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.

Cooling: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet maker go to the temperature of 100 ℃. Pellets under this condition are simple to damage as well as troublesome for transport. A counter-flow cooler can cool off the wood pellets in a moderate way.

Packing: the cooled down pellets require to be classified and packaged according to clients' requirement. poultry feed crumbles machine are 16kg, large bags are 900kg. For big clients like power plant, the wood pellets are transported by vehicles and also ships in bulks.

Biomass pellets category and also application

In 1999, Sweden government released the criterion of wood pellet fuel, in which they are classified into 3 courses. The extraordinary has excellent quality. They can be used in domestic small heaters and stoves.The 2nd and also third don't have premium quality. They are made use of by huge commercial consumers.



Presently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can satisfy this requirement. Some of them can meet the EU criterion, others are not produced according to this standard.



Wood pellet fuel can be applied in tiny boilers, medium-scale as well as large home heating supply center and nuclear power plant. Presently, Sweden has 60% of wood pellet fuel for tiny and also average home heating boilers and also local home heating supply center, and 40% for large heating supply facility and co-firing power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden local home heating plant take on coal to change oil. After the enact of carbon dioxide discharge tax obligation, these heating plant rely on biomass fuel from coal. In the last decade, the amount of biomass fuel for home heating expands from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Currently, about 400 local home heating plant has adopted wood pellet fuel.



Because the mid 1990s, domestic wood pellet market has actually made fantastic progression. In the last decades, using domestic heating wood pellets proliferates. Presently, Sweden has 200,000 households making use of wood pellet central heating boilers, 40,000 households utilizing wood pellet stoves.




Sweden biomass energy advancement goal as well as plan

To promote the constant advancement of biomass power, Sweden has actually made a series of legislations and policies. To ensure the execute of these plans, the federal government also made lots of feasible guidance steps as well as required sector criterion.



Sweden not just meet the responsibility stated Kyoto Method that reduced greenhouse emission by 8%, but additionally set its very own advancement goal of biomass power. In 2006, the Preacher for lasting growth division claimed that Sweden will totally utilize biofuels and quit making use of oil, and also come to be the very first nation that totally rely on renewable resource.



By 2020, Sweden will increase its percentage of renewable resource to 50%, the usage ratio of renewable energy in transportation market to 10%, power effectiveness by 20%, and cut the discharge of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel incentive policy

Sweden has performed high price acquisition, financial investment subsidies, tax obligation decrease as well as exemption, quota system and various other biomass energy reward policy.



Because 1975, Sweden spends 36 million Euro from government budget plan to support biomass modern technology development. From 1997 to 2002, the government gave 25% financial investment subsidy to biomass cogeneration tasks. From 2004-2006, the federal government provided 1350 Euros for citizens who use biomass heating system.



Sweden generally lay high tax obligation on fuels, powers, CO2, SO2, etc. To promote the advancement of biomass power, to excuse all tax obligations on biomass tasks. In 1991, Sweden federal government starts to lay tax on CO2 discharge, which makes the rate of oil and also nonrenewable fuel source rise. So many warm supply facility and nuclear power plant switches from fossil fuel to biomass fuel.




To urge the nuclear power plant to use biomass energy, Sweden government introduced electrical power quota system. This policy needs the power suppliers to have specific section of electrical power generated by renewable energy. For every single 1MWh electricity, the government will provide tax obligation relief based upon the biomass power quantity.



Sweden wood pellet fuel melting tool

Sweden wood pellet shedding innovation remains in the leading position. There have mored than 20 pellet burner suppliers, over 50 sorts of wood pellet boilers, 120,000 collections of pellet boilers, 20,000 sets of pellet cooktops. As there are still lots of households using electric home heating, the pellet central heating boilers have substantial possibility.



Sweden pellet burning devices has central heating central heating boiler as well as biomass cooktop 2 kinds.



Central home heating central heating boiler can be made use of in 1 or more households. The thermal transmit with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be changed by 30% -100% according to demands. The main home heating central heating boilers likewise has 2 kinds. The combined boiler is attached by a pellet burner and a common boiler. The boiler can connect with various burners. The incorporated central heating boilers are primarily imported from Austria and also Germany, some generated by domestic suppliers.



Biomass ranges or furnace

Biomass cooktops also has 2 types. Independent pellet range and Chimney item kind heater. The previous on is extra popular. The independent pellet oven has a pellet supply container within, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day usage.



Biomass pellet cooktop can realize automated filling and also burning. Based upon various feeding method, pellet ranges has leading feed, lower feed as well as straight feed 3 kinds. Top feed pellet stoves are the most preferred. Owing to high convenience and also sanitation, tiny pellet stoves sell well in recent times.



Attributes of Sweden biomass fuel industry

Sweden has rich forestry resources as well as abundant forestry waste, which come to be the primary raw materials for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet sector has been completely marketed. A lot of manufacturers are big as well as moderate firms, with fully grown technology. Tiny wood pellet manufacturing facilities are mainly build on chipboard, furnishings and saw mills.

The government has made extensive legislations as well as plans to drive the wood pellet production. This is why the wood pellet industry creates quickly considering that the 1990s.

Requirement for wood pellet fuel maintain boosting. In the 1990s, Sweden published the standard for wood pellets, as well as determined the technique date of pellet fuel and also burners.

Mature burning technology and also devices. In recent years, Sweden's manufacturing of pellet boiler and also pellet home heating ovens maintain boosting.

Perfect quality assurance system. Sweden government stipulated that the wood pellet fuel and also burning tools need to get third-party screening qualifications prior to getting in the marketplace.



Final thought

Sweden is a significant wood pellet fuel manufacturer as well as consumer on the planet. Biomass power plays a crucial role in its production as well as way of living. Around the globe, biomass pellets are mosting likely to play a more important function in home heating supply, power generation, and also industrial manufacturing.


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