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Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry evaluation<br>
Sweden is one of the world's largest wood pellet fuel manufacturer and consumer. It's wood pellet manufacturing technology, industry plan, and market design project. In this passage, I will certainly do detailed analysis on Sweden biomass pellet fuel industry, and also work out some valuable experiences.



Intro

In the 1970s, lots of countries have actually made policies to advertise biomass power as a way to manage power situation and setting air pollution. Since then, biomass energy market has developed quickly, as well as the technology keep boosting.



As a result of the absence of mineral sources, Sweden's economic climate suffered excellent loss in last century. To guarantee national energy safety and security, Sweden government strive to establish renewable resource.



Biomass pellet fuel has the attributes of high burning performance, low ash web content, zero carbon emission, simple transport, which has been prominent in Europe and also North America. With plentiful forestry sources, Sweden pay much interest to the growth of biomass pellet fuel. Sweden uses up 20% of the world's biomass fuel consumption, which matures at the rate of 8-10%.



Sweden forestry sources and biomass materials

Sweden has plentiful forestry sources. The woodland covers 64% of the land area, with 51% owned by people, 24% by big wood companies, as well as 25% by countries and also various other public companies. Besides, the forestry expands by 100 million loads each year, as well as the logging amount is 92.4 million bunches. The major forestry industries are wood handling, paper processing, and also power wood. The wood products for making biomass power generally originated from the 3 markets above, regarding 23.48 m3.



Raw materials of wood pellets

Of the raw products for making wood pellets, wood shavings occupy 53%, sawdust 35%, and wood chips 5%, others (barks, agriculture deposits, energy forestry) uses up 7%. Some tiny wood pellet manufacturing facility are developed base upon chipboard, furnishings as well as sawdust mills.



With even more companies engaging in biomass fuel manufacturing, the competition on the raw products end up being extra intense. As the crop straws in Sweden remain in scattered distribution, they are hard to accumulate and process. So some manufacturers as well as institutes are establishing new products like peat and also power plants.



Wood pellet producing technology and tools

The pellet molding technology has grown in Sweden. Nowadays, it has achieved business and market production. The production process features high automation, calling for less drivers. The picture listed below showed the wood pellet production procedure.



Drying out: normally, the wetness content of sawdust is around 50%. A drum clothes dryer can reduce the wetness web content to 9-12% to ensure that it is received making pellets.

Crushing: the dimension of resources ought to be under 5mm. They require a hammer mill to decrease the dimension.

Conditioning: include high-heat heavy steam to the raw materials and also soften the cellulous in it. Majority of the pellet fuel suppliers have conditioning process in production.

Pellet molding: most wood pellet factories use vertical kind ring pass away pellet machine. The production capacity of one machine is 2-4ton/ h. The service life of ring die is 2000-3000h, while the roller can last 1000-1500h.

Air conditioning: the wood pellets extruded out from the pellet maker are at the temperature level of 100 ℃. Pellets under this condition are very easy to damage and also inconvenient for transport. A counter-flow colder can cool down the wood pellets in a moderate way.


Packing: the cooled pellets need to be classified as well as packaged according to customers' demand. Small bags are 16kg, big bags are 900kg. For huge clients like power plant, the wood pellets are transferred by vehicles and also ships wholesale.

Biomass pellets category as well as application

In 1999, Sweden government released the requirement of wood pellet fuel, in which they are categorized right into 3 courses. The extraordinary has premium quality. They can be made use of in residential little heaters and stoves.The second and third do not have high quality. They are used by large industrial customers.



Currently, 57% of the wood pellet fuels in Sweden can satisfy this criterion. Several of them can fulfill the EU requirement, others are not produced according to this standard.




Wood pellet fuel can be applied in tiny boilers, medium-scale as well as massive home heating supply center and nuclear power plant. Presently, Sweden has 60% of wood pellet fuel for tiny and moderate heating central heating boilers and also local home heating supply facility, and also 40% for huge heating supply facility and co-firing nuclear power plant.



From the 1970s to the 1990s, Sweden local home heating plant embrace coal to change oil. After the establish of carbon dioxide emission tax obligation, these home heating plant look to biomass fuel from coal. In the last decade, the amount of biomass fuel for home heating grows from 1.1 PJ to 57PJ. Currently, regarding 400 regional heating plant has embraced wood pellet fuel.



Considering that the mid 1990s, domestic wood pellet sector has made great development. In the last decades, using residential home heating wood pellets proliferates. Currently, Sweden has 200,000 families making use of wood pellet central heating boilers, 40,000 families utilizing wood pellet ranges.



Sweden biomass power growth goal and policy

To promote the continual growth of biomass energy, Sweden has actually made a collection of legislations and plans. To guarantee the apply of these policies, the government likewise made lots of viable guidance steps and also obligatory market requirement.



Sweden not only meet the obligation stated Kyoto Method that cut greenhouse exhaust by 8%, but also set its very own growth goal of biomass power. In used wood pellet mill for sale , the Priest for sustainable development division claimed that Sweden will entirely utilize biofuels and stop utilizing oil, and also end up being the initial nation that totally count on renewable energy.



By 2020, Sweden will boost its percentage of renewable energy to 50%, the use proportion of renewable energy in transport market to 10%, power performance by 20%, as well as cut the exhaust of greenhouse gas by 40%.



Wood pellet fuel motivation policy

Sweden has actually accomplished high price acquisition, investment subsidies, tax obligation reduction and exception, quota system and also other biomass power motivation policy.



Considering that 1975, Sweden spends 36 million Euro from federal government budget plan to support biomass innovation development. From 1997 to 2002, the government provided 25% financial investment subsidy to biomass cogeneration jobs. From 2004-2006, the government gave 1350 Euros for residents who use biomass heating unit.



Sweden normally lay high tax obligation on fuels, powers, CO2, SO2, etc. To promote the growth of biomass power, to spare all tax obligations on biomass projects. In 1991, Sweden government begins to lay tax obligation on carbon dioxide discharge, that makes the cost of oil and also nonrenewable fuel source increase. So many warmth supply center as well as power plants switches over from nonrenewable fuel source to biomass fuel.



To urge the power plant to make use of biomass energy, Sweden federal government presented electric power quota system. This policy needs the power vendors to have certain part of electrical power produced by renewable energy. For every 1MWh power, the government will certainly offer tax obligation alleviation based upon the biomass power quantity.



Sweden wood pellet fuel burning tool

Sweden wood pellet burning technology remains in the leading placement. There have mored than 20 pellet burner producers, over 50 sorts of wood pellet central heating boilers, 120,000 collections of pellet boilers, 20,000 collections of pellet ranges. As there are still many families using electric home heating, the pellet central heating boilers have huge potential.



Sweden pellet burning devices has main home heating boiler and biomass cooktop 2 types.



Central home heating boiler can be utilized in 1 or more families. The thermal transmit with water. The powers are 10-40kw, which can be readjusted by 30% -100% according to demands. The central heating central heating boilers additionally has 2 kinds. The combined central heating boiler is attached by a pellet burner and a common boiler. The boiler can connect with numerous burners. The incorporated boilers are mainly imported from Austria as well as Germany, some created by residential producers.



Biomass ranges or heater

Biomass cooktops also has 2 kinds. Independent pellet cooktop as well as Smokeshaft piece kind heating system. The former on is more preferred. The independent pellet range has a pellet supply bin inside, which can hold wood pellets for 2-day usage.



Biomass pellet range can understand automatic dental filling and burning. Based on different feeding method, pellet cooktops has leading feed, bottom feed and also horizontal feed 3 kinds. Top feed pellet ovens are one of the most prominent. Owing to high ease and sanitation, little pellet ranges offer well over the last few years.



Functions of Sweden biomass fuel sector

Sweden has rich forestry resources and also bountiful forestry waste, which become the major resources for biomass pellets.

Sweden wood pellet industry has been fully marketed. The majority of suppliers are large as well as medium business, with mature innovation. Small wood pellet manufacturing facilities are primarily build on chipboard, furniture and saw mills.

The federal government has made extensive laws as well as plans to drive the wood pellet production. This is why the wood pellet industry develops rapidly because the 1990s.

Requirement for wood pellet fuel maintain enhancing. In the 1990s, Sweden published the requirement for wood pellets, as well as gauged the method date of pellet fuel and also heaters.

Mature burning technology and also devices. Over the last few years, Sweden's production of pellet central heating boiler as well as pellet home heating ovens keep enhancing.

Perfect quality control system. Sweden government specified that the wood pellet fuel and also burning tools should get third-party testing qualifications prior to entering the marketplace.



Final thought

Sweden is a significant wood pellet fuel producer and also customer worldwide. used pellet mill plays an essential duty in its production and also way of life. Around the globe, biomass pellets are mosting likely to play a more important function in heating supply, power generation, and also industrial production.


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