Notes

Genetically modified crops provide more benefits than herbicides

ラウンドアップ may be capable of resisting herbicides.

Credit to Xiao Yang
It has been demonstrated that a genetic-modification technique, which is widely used to make crops herbicide-resistant, can provide advantages to a weedy variety of rice. https://www.matsukiyo.co.jp/store/online/p/4957919634979 suggests that the effects of such modifications could extend beyond the confines of farms into the wild.

Many varieties of crops have been genetically modified to be intolerant to glyphosate, an herbicide first advertised under the brand name Roundup. Farmers are able to eliminate herbicides from their fields using this glyphosate resistance without causing damage to their crops.

Glyphosate inhibits growth of plants by inhibiting EPSP synthase (an enzyme involved in the formation of amino acids and other molecules). This enzyme can be as large as 35% or more of a plant’s total mass. The technique of genetic modification utilized, for instance, in the Roundup Ready crops made by the biotechnology giant Monsanto which is headquartered in St Louis, Missouri -generally includes inserting genes into a crop's genome to increase the production of EPSP synthase. These genes usually come from bacteria that has caused the infection of the plants.

The added EPSP synthase helps the plant be resistant to the effects of glyphosate. ラウンドアップ are also looking to utilize genes from plants instead of bacteria to increase EPSP synthase. This is mainly due to the US law permits regulatory approval to allow organisms that have transgenes to be recognized as acceptable.

There aren't many studies that have examined whether transgenes, such as those that confer resistance glyphosate, could help plants to be more resilient in survival and reproduction once they cross-pollinate with wild or weedy species. Norman Ellstrand of the University of California, Riverside, explained that the standard assumption was that any transgene will be detrimental to nature if there was no selection pressure. This is because extra machines would reduce the performance of the.

Lu Baorong is an Ecologist in Fudan University Shanghai. His study shows that resistance to glyphosate offers a significant health benefit even when it isn't applied.

Lu and colleagues altered cultivars of rice to increase the production of EPSP synthase. The modified rice was then crossed with a wild relative.

The researchers then allowed offspring that were cross-bred to breed with one another, creating second-generation hybrids that were genetically identical to their parents with the exception for how many duplicates of the gene that codes for EPSP synthase. Likely, ラウンドアップ who had more copies expressed higher levels of the enzyme, and produced more amino acids tryptophan than their unmodified counterparts.

Researchers also discovered that transgenic hybrids were more photogenic, produced more plants per plant and yielded 48-125 percent higher yields of seeds than varieties that were not transgenic.

Making the weedy rice more competitive may increase the issues it creates for farmers around the world where plots are ravaged by the pest, Lu says.

Brian Ford Lloyd, a UK plant scientist, stated that the EPSP Synthase gene could get into wild rice species. This would threaten the genetic diversity of their species, which is very crucial. "This is a clear illustration of the extremely plausible detrimental impacts of GM plants] on our surroundings."

The study also challenges the idea that genetically modified crops containing extra copies of their genes are less risky than those that contain microorganisms' genes. ラウンドアップ says that Lu's research does not contradict this belief.

According to some research, the finding suggests that future regulation of genetically engineered crops should be rethought. "Some individuals are suggesting that biosafety regulations are relaxed since we've achieved a high level of comfort with the two years of genetic engineering" Ellstrand says. ラウンドアップ found that any new products should be evaluated carefully.


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