Notes

Reviewer: SCIENCE

*ECOSYSTEM- biological community of interacting organisms & their environment.

2 Factors of Ecosystem
*Biotic- Living Organisms (Plants, Animal, Bacteria)
*Abiotic- Non-living Organisms (Air, light, water, temperature, humidity, salinity, acids, soil)

2 Components of Ecosystem
*Terrestrial- Land ( desert, tundra, rainforest, grassland. taiga)
*Aquatic- Water
Marine water- ocean, reefs
fresh water- pond, lake, river

Biotic Components of Ecosystem
1. producer- produce their own energy without consuming other life forms.
Ex: Plants
2. Consumer- 3 types: *Herbivores- only eat plants (cow, rabbit, horse) *Carnivores- only eat animals (eagle, lion, snake, crocodile) *Omnivores- Eat both plants & animals (bear, human, monkey, birds, dogs, insects).
3. Decomposer- break down nutrients in the dead stuff & return to the soil.
Ex: Mushroom, earthworm, maggots, fly

*Food Chain- Series of events that happen when organism consume another to survive.
Producer-grass, 1st consumer- caterpillar (herbivores), Secondary consumer- Dove, Third consumer- Eagle ( Carnivores), last consumer- human (omnivores).

*Food Web- Several organisms are involved in feeding process.

Symbiosis- two organisms that live together.
--temporary or for a longer time.
--one of the organisms benefits from the relationship.

Types of Symbiotic relationship
a. Mutualism- Both organisms benefit
Ex: Flower & the bee, Coral & Algae, Plants & human, Fish & sea anemone

b. Commensalism- One organism benefits while other organism is unaffected.
Ex: Tree & the Orchid, tiny emperor shrimp is riding along the back of a sea cucumber.

c. Predation- a relationship which one organisms capture and consume others.
predator- The one who catches the prey
prey- the hunted
Ex: Venus fly trap and the insects, the cat and the rat

d. Competition- relationship which organisms fight or compete for food, shelter, space and mate.
Ex: Wolf & a bear
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TIME, SPEED, & DISTANCE

Time- Time is how long something takes to happen. This can also be called the
duration of an event or journey. (hr, min, sec)
Speed- Speed is how fast or slow something travels. (km/hr, km/min, m/sec, miles per hour)
Distance- Distance is how far something travels. (km, m, mile)

How are time, speed and distance linked?
If we know two of these factors, we can work out the third.

Formula
To calculate distance (D), we multiply time (T) by speed (S) or speed by time. D = S × T
To calculate speed (S), we divide distance (D) by time (T). S = D ÷ T
To calculate time (T), we divide distance (D) by speed (S). T = D ÷ S
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Reviewer: Math