Notes

Genetically modified crops have more benefits than the weeds

In the wild, resistance to herbicides may confer advantages on plants.

Credit goes to Xiao Yang
It has been established that a technique for genetic modification, which is widely used to create crops that are herbicide-resistant gives advantages to an invasive variety of rice. This suggests that this genetic modification could also have potential to impact wild animals.

Many varieties of crops have been genetically altered to be resistive to the glyphosate. Roundup was the first herbicide to be marketed. Farmers can eliminate most weeds in their fields using glyphosate, without harming their crops due to this resistance.

ラウンドアップ Glyphosate can inhibit plant growth by blocking EPSP synase which is an enzyme that plays a role in the production amino acids, as well as other chemical compounds that make up about 35% of the plant's mass. Genetic modification, for instance, the Roundup Ready crops manufactured by Monsanto in St. Louis, Missouri, involves inserting genes into the genetic code to boost EPSP production. ラウンドアップ Genes are usually derived from bacteria that infects the crops.

ラウンドアップ The addition of EPSP synase allows for the plant to resist the harmful effects of glyphosate. Biotechnology labs are also attempting to make use of genes from plants instead of bacteria to boost EPSP synthase. This is mainly due to the US law allows for regulatory approval to allow organisms that carry transgenes to get recognized as acceptable.

There aren't many studies that have looked into whether transgenes like those that confer resistance to glyphosate make plants more competitive in reproduction and survival once they're introduced to weedy or wild relatives through cross-pollination. Norman Ellstrand of the University of California, Riverside, explained that the standard assumption was that any transgene will be detrimental to nature if there was no pressure to select. This is because any extra machinery could reduce the performance of the.

https://search.rakuten.co.jp/search/mall/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97+%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89/ Lu Baorong of Fudan University in Shanghai is now challenging that view. The study shows that resistance to glyphosate even when applied to an weedy variety of the rice crop can give a significant health boost.

Lu and his coworkers genetically modified the cultivated Rice species to express its EPSP synthase. Then, they crossed-bred it to the weedy parent.

The team then allowed offspring to crossbreed with one-another, creating second generation hybrids which were genetically identical to their parents except for the number of duplicates of the gene that codes for EPSP synthase. As expected, the hybrids that had more copies of the gene had a higher chance to produce more tryptophan and have greater levels of enzymes over their counterparts that were not modified.

The researchers also found that transgenic hybrids have greater rates of photosynthesis, produced more flowers and shoots and produced 48-125% more seeds than the non-transgenic hybrids -without the use of glyphosate.

ラウンドアップ Lu believes making weedy, invading rice more competitive might hinder farmers to recover from the harm caused by this bug.

Brian Ford-Lloyd of Brian Ford-Lloyd from the University of Birmingham, UK, says "If the EPSP synthase gene is introduced to wild rice species the genetic diversity of their species that was so important in conserving it, could be endangered because it will outcompete the normal varieties." "This is an illustration of the most likely and harmful effects of GM crops on the environment."

The popular belief that genetically modified crops with additional copies their genes are safe is disproved by this research. Lu states, "Our study shows this is not always the case."

ラウンドアップ Researchers say this discovery calls for a reconsideration of the regulation for genetically modified crops. Ellstrand says that some people think that biosafety rules can be relaxed given the past two decades of genetic engineering. ラウンドアップ The study doesn't prove that novel products are safe.

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