Notes

Wellness Effects of EMF Radiation
The radiation from RF-EMF can cause DNA damage, tissue heating, and disrupt the blood-brain barrier. These are real-world effects, and ARPANSA is actively involved with the EHS group, the medical experts and researchers. The agency will continue to study research related to the health impacts of EMF radiation.

RF-EMF damages DNA
Exposed to man-made electromagnetic fields (EMFs) is associated with DNA damage and other health consequences. EMFs can affect the intracellular ionic levels, which are essential to ensure a cell's electrochemical balance. In turn, this can cause disruption to cell homeostasis and result damages to the DNA. Moreover, exposure to EMFs can also trigger the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Exposure to RF-EMF radiation has been linked to changes in male germ cell development. This involves the transformation of germ cells into spermatozoa as well functioning maturation as spermatozoa pass across the epididymis. To study the sensitivity of RF-EMF exposure to the development of male germ cells, a specially-built waveguide machine was designed for the exposure of unrestrained mice to RF-EME at 2.2 W/kg.

In a recent study researchers found that exposure to RF-EME caused oxidative DNA damage in the spermatozoa. Sperm DNA fragmentation increased by 18% after one week of treatment and by 23% after five weeks. Furthermore, DNA damage in mitochondria was observed by measuring the level of a biomarker, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG).

Although RF-EMF radiation is not yet classified as a cancer-causing agent. But, several studies have shown that exposure to RF-EMF can affect the integrity of DNA in variety of cell types. In one such study researchers exposed Vero cells with an EMF of 100 Hz for 45 minutes. They assessed DNA damage for within 48 hours of exposure to determine if exposure affected DNA integrity.

The effect of RF-EMF on tissue heating
Although the effects of RF-EMF are typically considered to be thermal, some studies have revealed that non-thermal influences are also present. These may be the reason for some of the unresolved observations in epidemiological studies on EMF hypersensitivity. It is therefore important to consider the non-thermal effects when conducting an extensive review.

The non-thermal effects of RF-EMF may be mediated by the cell membrane. This is an area where research has been thoroughly studied. Particularly, the electrochemical behavior of cell membranes has been investigated. Current understanding suggests that RF-EMF energy higher than 1 MHz is transferred to tissue through dielectric as well as Ionic dissipation. Previous theoretical analyses indicated that the energy transferred to the tissue could be up to 200 kV/m.

The electric properties of tissues are controlled through the distribution and composition of water molecules, and other molecules in the body. This determines how absorbent EMR from RF is absorbed by different tissues. The tissues with the highest conductivity tend to absorb more EMR field and produce more of an effect. This is why the level of heat generated by tissue doesn't increase continuously from outside to inside and is only noticeable in hot spots. Bone and fatty tissue are less susceptible to RF heating as compared to other tissues, since they have a low water content.


The intensity of penetration of the electromagnetic field depends on the frequency and strength of field. Muscle tissue absorbs more field radiation than most tissues and converts it into heat more efficiently. Usually the penetration depth that RFEMF has is measured as millimeters (mm). However, View website , the deeper the penetration.

RF-EMF causes blood-brain barrier disruption
Researchers have found that RF-EMF can alter the blood-brain-barrier, altering sleep patterns and neurotransmitter levels. Furthermore, the effects on the effects of EMF affect brain function have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders. For instance, EMF from mobile phones can affect electroencephalogram activity and sleep patterns, and the actions of nitric Oxide and xanthin oxidase.

Researchers at Vienna University have studied the effects of exposure to RF EMF to brain cells. They also looked at how ELF EMFs on the brain system. Though the cellular mechanisms that play a role are not fully comprehended but there is a clear association between ELF-EMF exposure and myelin depletion. This relationship might account for the electro-hypersensitivity symptoms of electro-hypersensitivity. Fortunately, there are some tested methods to regenerate myelin in the brain.

Researchers have discovered that exposure to the frequency of 900 millimeters EMF enhanced the permeability of BBB and also increased the symptoms of neuronal damage in rodents. They also observed increased exovasation of albumin into neurons. Furthermore, they discovered in 30 minutes exposure to 900 MHz 99mTc-MIBI accelerated its permeation in the cortex. But this effect didn't happen with Evans blue-based injections.

Despite these findings, RF EMF does not have a clear mechanism to disrupt the BBB. The evidence suggests that nonthermal EMF exposure may increase erythrocyte cell membrane permeability. This could influence the BBB and enhance the efflux of calcium ions. Additionally, the presence of a 99mTc-MIBI radiotracer in the brain is also associated with increased permeability of the BBB.

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