Notes

Wellness Effects of EMF Radiation
RF-EMF radiation can cause DNA damage, tissue heating and even disrupt the blood-brain barrier. These are real-world effects, and ARPANSA is active in collaborating within the EHS community, medical specialists as well as researchers. The agency will continue to review research on the health impacts of EMF radiation.

RF-EMF causes DNA damage
exposed to electromagnetic fields that are created by man (EMFs) can cause DNA damage as well as negative health consequences. EMFs can alter the intracellular ionic concentrations that are vital to maintain the balance of electrochemical activity in cells. In turn, this can cause disruption to cell homeostasis and result to DNA damage. Moreover, exposure to EMFs can also trigger an overproduction of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Exposure to RF-EMF radiation has been linked with alterations in male germ cells' development. This is due to the transformation of germ cells into spermatozoa, aswell maturation of the functional aspect as spermatozoa travel through the epididymis. To determine the effect of RF-EMF exposure on male germ cell development, a specifically-designed waveguide machine was designed to expose non-restrained mice to RF-EME in the range of 2.2 W/kg.


In a recent study, researchers discovered that exposure to RF-EME triggered oxidative DNA damage in the spermatozoa. Sperm DNA fragmentation increased by 18% following an entire week of treatment and by 23 percent after five weeks. Furthermore, DNA damage in mitochondria was observed by measuring the level of a biomarker, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG).

Despite this it isn't yet considered a carcinogen. However, several studies have shown that RF-EMF exposure can impair the integrity of DNA in variety of cell lines. In one of these studies, scientists were exposed Vero cells with an EMF of 100 Hz for about 45 minutes. They assessed DNA damage for within 48 hours of exposure to determine if exposure affected the integrity of DNA.

RF-EMF causes tissue heating
While the effects of RF-EMF are usually considered as thermal in nature, some studies have shown that non-thermal effects are also observed. These may be the reason for some of the unsolved issues in epidemiological studies of EMF hypersensitivity. This is why it is crucial to consider the non-thermal effects when conducting a systematic review.

Effects that are not thermal from RF-EMF may be mediated by the cell membrane. This is an area where research has been extensively studied. Particularly, the electrochemical behavior of cell membranes has been studied. Current understanding suggests that energy from RF-EMF higher than 1 MHz is transmitted into the tissues through dielectric and ionic dissipation. Previous theoretical analyses indicated that the energy that is transferred to tissues could be up to 200 kV/m.

The electrical properties of tissues are regulated through the distribution and composition of water molecules, and other molecules inside the body. This determines how well absorbed EMR from RF is absorbed by different tissues. Organs with greater conductivity are likely to absorb more field and cause more of an effect. This is the reason the degree of heating in tissues is not constant as it moves from the exterior to, but occurs in hot areas. Bone and fatty tissue is less susceptible to heating by RF than other tissues because they are low in water content.

The extent of penetration of the electromagnetic field is determined by the frequency and strength that the electromagnetic field has. Muscle tissue absorbs more energies than the other tissue, and converts it to heat more effectively. Typically the penetration depth that RFEMF has is measured by millimeters (mm). However, the higher the frequency, the more shallow the penetration.

RF-EMF causes blood-brain barrier disruption
Researchers have found that RF EMF could disrupt the blood-brain barrier which can alter sleep patterns and neurotransmitter levels. Additionally to this, the effects of EMF in brain activities have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases. For example, EMF from mobile phones can affect electroencephalogram activity and sleep patterns, as well as the actions of nitric Oxide and xanthin oxide.

emf exposure symptoms from the Vienna University have studied the effects of exposure to RF-EMF on brain cells. They also studied what effects ELF EMF on brain system. While the mechanisms of the cell aren't completely known, there is a clear association between ELF-EMF exposure and depletion of myelin. This relationship might account for the electro-hypersensitivity symptoms of electro-hypersensitivity. Fortunately, there are some tested methods to regenerate myelin in the brain.

Researchers have discovered that exposure to the frequency of 900 millimeters EMF caused a rise in the permeability of the BBB and caused an increase in symptoms of neuronal damage in rodents. They also observed an increase in the extravasation of albumin to neurons. Additionally, they observed in 30 minutes exposure at 900 MHz, 99mTc-MIBI increased its diffusion into the brain. But this effect didn't occur with Evans blue injections.

However, RF-EMF has no clear method for disrupting the BBB. The evidence suggests that nonthermal EMF exposure can increase erythrocyte membrane permeability. This could affect the BBB and enhance the efflux of calcium-ion. Moreover, the presence of a 99mTc-MIBI radiotracer within the brain has been linked to increasing the permeability of the BBB.

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