Notes

Well being Effects of EMF Radiation
RF-EMF radiation can cause damage to DNA, increase the temperature of tissues and alter the blood-brain barrier. These effects are real and ARPANSA is actively involved within the EHS group, the medical specialists and researchers. ARPANSA will continue examine research regarding the health effects of EMF radiation.

RF-EMF can cause DNA damage
Exposed to man-made electromagnetic fields (EMFs) are associated with DNA damage and other health consequences. EMFs can affect intracellular ionic concentrations, which are essential to ensure the electrochemical balance of cells. In turn, this can cause disruption to cell homeostasis and result in DNA damage. Moreover, exposure to EMFs can also trigger the production of free radicals as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS).


The exposure to radiation from RF-EMF has been linked to changes in the development of male germ cells. This involves the transformation of germ cells into spermatozoa, aswell functioning maturation as spermatozoa move through the epididymis. To study the effect of RF-EMF exposure on the development of male germ cells, a specifically-designed waveguide device was developed for the purpose of exposing unrestrained mice to RF-EME in the range of 2.2 W/kg.

In a study that was conducted recently, researchers found that exposure to RF EME caused the oxidative DNA damage of spermatozoa. Sperm DNA fragmentation increased by 18% after a week of treatment, and by 23 percent after 5 weeks. Furthermore, DNA damage in mitochondria was observed by measuring the level of a biomarker, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG).

Although the radiation emitted by RF-EMF isn't yet classified as a cancer-causing agent. But, several studies have revealed that RF-EMF exposure can impair DNA integrity in a range of cell lines. In one such study, scientists were exposed Vero cells to an EMF that was 100Hz, for about 45 minutes. They assessed DNA damage for at 48 hours following exposure to determine whether the exposure affected the integrity of DNA.

The RF-EMF effect causes the heating of tissues
While the effects of RF EMF are usually considered as thermal in nature, some studies have revealed that non-thermal effects may also be evident. These may be the reason for some of the unresolved observations in the epidemiological study of EMF hypersensitivity. This is why it is crucial to take into account non-thermal effects when conducting a systematic review.

The non-thermal effects that RF-EMF can have may be felt at the cell's membrane. This is an area which has already been thoroughly studied. In particular the electrochemical properties of cell membranes is being studied. The current understanding is that energy from RF-EMFs greater than 1 MHz is transmitted to the tissue through dielectric and Ionic dissipation. Studies of the theory have suggested that the energy transferred to tissues could be as high as 200 kV/m.

The electrical properties of tissues are regulated in the form and quantity of water molecules and ions and other molecules within the body. This determines how absorbent EMR from RF is absorbed by different tissues. The tissues with the highest conductivity tend to absorb more EMR field and produce more of an impact. This is why the level of heat generated by tissue does not increase steadily as it moves from the exterior to and is only noticeable in hot spots. Proteckd and fatty tissue are less susceptible to heating by RF than other tissues, because they are low in water content.

The depth of penetration of the electromagnetic field is determined by the frequency and strength of the field. Muscle tissue absorbs more field energy than other tissues and converts it into heat more effectively. Usually the depth of penetration that RFEMF has is measured by millimeters (mm). The greater the frequency, the shallower the penetration.

RF-EMF causes blood-brain barrier disruption
Researchers have found that RF-EMF can disrupt the blood-brain barrier change sleep patterns as well as neurotransmitter levels. In addition to this, the effects on the effects of EMF on brain activity have been associated with neurodegenerative diseases. For example, EMF from mobile phones can alter electroencephalogram activity as well as sleep patterns, as well as the activity of nitric oxide and xanthin oxidase.

Researchers at Vienna University have studied the effects of exposure to RF EMF on brain cells. They also studied what effects ELF EMF on the nervous system. Although the cellular mechanisms that play a role are not fully known but there is a clear connection between exposure to ELF-EMF and depletion of myelin. This relationship might account for the electro-hypersensitivity symptoms of electro-hypersensitivity. Fortunately, there are some tested methods to regenerate myelin within the brain.

Researchers have discovered that exposure to frequencies of 900 millimeters EMF increased the permeability of BBB and also increased the symptoms of neuronal damage in rodents. They also observed an increase in the extravasation of neuronal albumin. Furthermore, they discovered in 30 minutes 900 MHz exposure, 99mTc-MIBI increased its diffusion in the cortex. However this effect did not happen with Evans blue-based injections.

However, RF-EMF is not able to provide a definitive mechanism for disrupting the BBB. Evidence suggests that non-thermal EMF exposure can increase erythrocyte membrane permeability, which may affect the BBB and enhance calcium ion efflux. Additionally, the presence of a 99mTcMIBI radiotracer inside the brain is also linked to an increase in the permeability and permeability of the BBB.

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