Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The continuing development of robotics will largely depend on related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer technology. Analysts have identified the primary trends in the market for the following five-years.

People usually overestimate the impact with the latest technology soon and underestimate its impact ultimately.

But this doesn't negate the belief that the expert community, their state and business have to have a roadmap to the development of innovative industries sometime soon.

The authors with the annual survey of the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the basic trends of this type and in the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that within the next five years will have the greatest impact on the progression of robotics on the globe.

1. New materials

Even when we consider the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 there are about 3.5 thousand people per robot, this also ratio is unlikely growing without radical alterations in the science of materials from where robotics is done, the authors in the review are sure. They pay special awareness of two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), that may successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material where it's possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and even more.

2. New reasons for energy, technologies because of its collection and storage

Considering the quantity of heat generated with the combustion of gasoline and also the human requirement of energy, it is possible to calculate when individuals were eating gasoline, they might just have 150 g of fuel daily. In turn, electric motors are even less energy efficient than an interior combustion engine. In order for robots in order to contend with humans inside their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are essential of their energy supply.

For example, this is actually the improvement of current lithium batteries, the development of new batteries depending on hydrogen, etc. Also, we should remember about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology may be implemented to recharge the robot remotely, for instance, from sources of energy constructed into a floor or walls.

3. Interaction of teams of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots should have a channel of communication both with humans along with one another.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must realize what they may be doing and where these are moving not merely under normal human conditions, but in addition where people cannot arrive: as an example, out in the wild or around the seabed.

In addition, situations can't be excluded when the robot will continue completely without communication (for instance, underground or perhaps the wedding of an satellite breakdown). In this case, you will need to build a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad as well as in Russia.

5. Machine learning

The development of artificial intelligence is important to create truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next few years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this area:

enhancing the efficiency of employing neural networks by making their architecture more complex or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures as an alternative to hard programming, that will simplify and, therefore, improve the whole process of acquiring skills from the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots thanks to artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is about increasing productivity. Going Here is, automation is just not a conclusion alone, but a tool to improve economic efficiency. The authors of the review are inclined to feel that the best result will probably be shown not by replacing people who have robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will develop in four main areas:

a robot as something that repeats human capabilities (by way of example, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as a tool that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, that is, a device remotely controlled by way of a an affiliate hard-to-reach places;

social interaction with a person, for example voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors from the Sberbank report believe over the following 5yrs we are unlikely to find out a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), however the development of software will heighten the capabilities minimizing the expense of manipulation technology.

First of, we're speaking about increasing the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing a physical object, will have to inform the operator in more detail about the weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies could make it possible to program more advanced trajectories to move of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One from the definitions in the thought of "robot", that your analysts of Sberbank comply with, says that it is a piece of equipment that is in a position to perceive the entire world around it with the help of sensors, process the signals received in this way and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and enhancing the capabilities of sensorics is one with the key trends in the development of robotics inside future years.

9. Robosimulators

Large levels of data are required to practice robots. To receive them, it just isn't necessary to develop a model of the robot - sometimes it can be economically unprofitable, frequently even dangerous for a person. Therefore, the degree of advance of computer simulators of your robot will still only increase while using expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of making drive mechanisms are unlikely to improve, but even here the authors of the review look for a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside first paragraph, these can be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this really is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the item design process.

At the fabrication stage, the progress of robotics will probably be stimulated by the emergence of new materials, their decline in price, and also the progression of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that can make it easier and faster to create new machines.
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