Notes

11 Robot Development Trends
The growth and development of robotics will largely rely on related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer systems. Analysts have identified the primary trends on the market for one more five-years.

People tend to overestimate the impact from the latest technology soon and underestimate its impact in the long term.

But this does not negate the fact that the expert community, their state and business desire a roadmap for the progression of innovative industries later on.

The authors in the annual survey in the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the essential trends in this area plus the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that in the next 5yrs may have the greatest impact on the continuing development of robotics on earth.

1. New materials

Even as we take into account the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 roughly 3.5 thousand people per robot, and this ratio isn't likely to develop without radical changes in the science of materials that robotics is made, the authors in the review are sure. They pay special care about two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), which can successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;
graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material where you are able to produce actuators for robots, new batteries plus much more.

2. New options for energy, technologies for its collection and storage

Considering the quantity of heat generated from the combustion of gasoline along with the human requirement for energy, it is easy to calculate if people were eating gasoline, they would only need 150 g of fuel daily. In Education robot , electric motors are now even less cost effective than an interior combustion engine. In order for robots to be able to compete with humans of their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are required in their energy supply.

For example, this can be a improvement of current lithium batteries, the roll-out of new batteries determined by hydrogen, etc. Also, we have to keep in mind about alternative, alternative energy sources. Finally, a technology might be implemented to recharge the robot remotely, for instance, from energizes constructed into a floor or walls.

3. Interaction of sets of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid accidents and accidents, transport robots must have a channel of communication both with humans and with one another.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must understand what they may be doing and where they may be moving not only under normal human conditions, but in addition where people cannot get there: for example, in high altitude or about the seabed.

In addition, situations can not be excluded in the event the robot will continue to be completely without communication (for instance, underground or perhaps the wedding of a satellite breakdown). In this case, it is important to produce a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad plus Russia.

5. Machine learning

The growth and development of artificial intelligence is necessary to make truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the years to come, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this field:

increasing the efficiency utilizing neural networks by looking into making their architecture more technical or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures rather than hard programming, that will simplify and, therefore, improve the whole process of acquiring skills with the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots because of artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is all about increasing productivity. That is, automation is not a conclusion in itself, but a power tool for increasing economic efficiency. The authors of the review are inclined to feel that the most effective result will probably be shown not by replacing people with robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will establish in four main areas:

a robot as a power tool that repeats human capabilities (for instance, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as something that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, that is, a device remotely controlled by the part of hard-to-reach places;

social interaction using a person, including voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors of the Sberbank report believe in the next 5 years we are unlikely to find out a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), however the growth and development of software will heighten the capabilities and reduce the costs of manipulation technology.

First of, we are referring to improving the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing an item, can have to inform the operator in greater detail about its weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies could make it possible to program more advanced trajectories to move of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One in the definitions in the thought of "robot", that this analysts of Sberbank abide by, says that it is a machine which is able to perceive the globe around it with the help of sensors, process the signals received this way and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and increasing the capabilities of sensorics is one in the key trends inside progression of robotics inside the long term.

9. Robosimulators

Large quantities of data are expected to practice robots. To receive them, it just isn't necessary to develop a model of your robot - it sometimes may be economically unprofitable, frequently even dangerous for a person. Therefore, the quantity of creation of computer simulators of your robot will only increase with the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of producing drive mechanisms are unlikely to alter, but even here the authors of the review locate a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside first paragraph, these can be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this is primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the item design process.

At the development stage, the progress of robotics will be stimulated by the emergence of new materials, their lowering of price, along with the continuing development of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that may make it easier and faster to make new machines.
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