Notes

How did Roundup Ready & Roundup come to be?
What is Roundup Ready? Roundup Ready, a trademark for a line patented of genetically modified seeds resistant to the herbicide Roundup, is a name that is used to refer to Roundup Ready. The crops are known as Roundup Ready crops'.

Roundup was created by whom?
ラウンドアップ John Franz, a Monsanto chemist discovered that Glyphosate was the active ingredient in Roundup in the year 1970. The majority of herbicides employed in agriculture were pre-emergent. This means that they were applied before the crop and the weeds emerged. ラウンドアップ The post-emergent activity of glyphosate to control a large number of grass and broadleaf weeds was very different, which when combined with its remarkable environmental (soil inactivation rapid degradation, no carryover, etc) and toxicological characteristics (extremely low toxicity to mammals and beneficial organisms) and made it an outstanding product.

When was the time that Roundup was created?
Roundup(r) was first introduced in 1974 as a broad-spectrum insecticide, quickly became a leading worldwide agricultural chemical. ラウンドアップ It was initially utilized in ditches, along railroad tracks and also on fields between the growing seasons. ラウンドアップ This allowed farmers control the broadleaf and grass weeds that were growing in the soil. It also reduced the need to tillage and preserved the soil structure.

Then came Roundup Ready GMOs.
Monsanto scientists were inspired by the remarkable breakthroughs in Recombinant DNA technology in the 1970s. They recognized the many benefits for farmers if Roundup (r) could directly be applied to their crops to control the weeds. ラウンドアップ Ernie Jaworski, Rob Horsch, Steve Rogers, and I began to work on this challenge. By the early 1980s, this group had created the first techniques to introduce specific genes into plants. Eventually, our focus was on the development of viruses-resistant as well as insect-resistant and Roundup-resistant crops.

It was discovered that Roundup glyphosate inhibited plants' ability to produce aromatic amino acids. Roundup's extremely high rating of mammalian safety is due to this fact. Glyphosate also was quickly metabolized in the soil by microorganisms. In the middle of the 1980s scientists discovered both the genes of plants and microbial ones which conferred higher tolerance to herbicides. In 1987, the USDA approved the first field study of Roundup Ready crops. It was a Roundup-resistant variety of genetically modified tomatoes that proved tolerant to Roundup. In the following decades the Roundup Ready gene that would become the main trait of the Roundup Ready crop was discovered. It was later isolated and introduced into the crop.

Let's examine soybeans. To illustrate, let us consider the following questions: What is Roundup Ready soybeans, and what is their manufacturing process? Roundup Ready Soybeans can be described as soybeans that have been genetically engineered that have their DNA modified to make them resistant to the active ingredient in Roundup known as the chemical glyphosate. Since each soybean seed was injected with the Roundup Ready gene prior planting the seeds, they are insensitive to glyphosate. This permits farmers to spray their fields with herbicides, without having to destroy their crop.

Roundup Ready crop introductions in 1996 have had a profound impact on agriculture as well as agricultural science. Roundup resistance was immediately accepted by farmers, and adoption was quick. Today, nearly 90 percent of U.S. soybeans are grown with an herbicide-resistant biotech gene tolerance. Roundup Ready crops have been able to simplify and improve the weed control systems. They also allowed for increased yields for crops. The increasing use of conservation tillage is an environmental benefit that is significant. Through cutting down on plowing, farmers cut down on energy consumption and GHG emission while keeping soil structure intact and reducing erosion. This was equivalent to removing 28.4 billion kilograms of carbon dioxide from our atmosphere in 2013, or 12.4 million cars off the roads for a year (Source: , PG Economics).
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