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What is industrial Automation
Industrial Automation can be a technique where we make hand over human control to machines. In industrial automation machines are developed to accomplish the tasks which human beings utilized to achieve. Why it is done? Because of Modicon m340 :
Through Industrial automation we could do mass production with less manpower
Quality in the product is increased
Safety of individual & tools are increased
More accurate process control
Since human intervention is less so reliability of the system is higher
Systems operate is low power source, more electronic control so equipment every day life is higher
Changes in process logic becomes easier since logics are changed mostly through software
Principal Industrial Automation MNCs
L & T • ALSTOM
Schneider • FESTO
Siemens • Fuji Electric
Allen Bradley • Toshiba
Messung • TATA Honeywell
Modicon • Omron
Mitsubishi • Fanuc
Asia Automation • Delta
How industrial automation control system Evolved?
Initially automation was achieved through manual control, operators employed to control the method at each step. Human intervention was there at each step. Drawbacks were inferior output, errors associated with human involvement affected compromised safety, wastage of raw material, and accuracy of human action.
Then came Pneumatic Control: Industrial automation with this era was achieved through invention of pneumatic controllers noisy . 1920s. Automation was achieved by controlling air to pneumatic valves, which often were actually switched on/off by relays and switches. They were very bulky and changing with the logic was very complex procedure since lots of rework was forced to accomplish alteration of logic. So time come to complete task changes was very high
Hard wired logic control: contactors, relays (for switching), timers and counters (for timing and counting) were utilised for achieving desired industrial automation. But these systems also resulted into bulky panels. A lot of wiring was involved so time taken to complete task was higher. Defect investigation & troubleshooting was complex.
Electronic Control using Logic Gates: In early 60s electronics dominated the task, electronic logic gates were utilised for achieving logical operations. they replaced switching devices like relays and contactors inside control circuits. Electronic times & counters replaced mechanical timers & counters. Due to use of electronics space and requirements reduced, maintenance requirement reduced & systems were more reliable.
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