Notes

How did Roundup Ready and Roundup become what they have become today?
First, what is Roundup Ready? Roundup Ready is the trademark name for a line of genetically modified crops which are resistant to Roundup. These are referred to as Roundup Ready crops.

Roundup Who was the person who invented it?
John Franz, a Monsanto Chemist, found that Glyphosate is the active ingredient in Roundup in 1970. The majority of herbicides of the period were preemergent. ラウンドアップ were used before the crop and weeds developed. The post-emergent action of glyphosate to control many broadleaf and grass weeds was quite different. This, is when combined with its remarkable environmental properties (soil inactivation and rapid degradation, with no carryover, etc) and toxicological characteristics (extremely minimal toxicity for beneficial and mammals) and made it an outstanding product.

What year was it that Roundup first created?
ラウンドアップ (r), which was first introduced on the market as a broad-spectrum herbicide in the year 1974, quickly became one of the most well-known chemical used in agriculture all over the world. Roundup(r) was initially applied along railway tracks, in ditches and on fields in between the growing seasons. ラウンドアップ allowed farmers to manage grass and broadleaf weeds that were growing from the soil. ラウンドアップ decreased the need for tillageand preserved soil structure, and decreased soil erosion.

Then came Roundup Ready GMOs.
Monsanto scientists were inspired by the astonishing advancements in recombinant DNA technology in the 1970s. They recognized the numerous benefits for farmers when Roundup (r) could directly be applied to their crops to control the growth of weeds. The problem was initially tackled by a small group of scientists led by Dr Ernie Jaworski (Rob Horsch and Steve Rogers), In the early 1980s this group had created the first methods that allowed the introduction of particular genes into plants. Our focus was now on developing virus-resistant, insect resistant and Roundup-tolerant crops.

It was known that Roundup may block the biochemical pathway plants utilize to create aromatic amino acids. ラウンドアップ -level of security for humans and mammals is due to the fact that glyphosate is able to be quickly broken down by soil microorganisms. Our scientists discovered both microbe and plant genes that conferred tolerance to herbicides. The USDA approved the first field test of Roundup Ready plants in 1987. This was a Roundup-resistant plant that was genetically modified to produce tomato plants that were tolerant to Roundup. A few years later, Roundup Ready trait that was a bacterial genetic, was isolated and introduced to crops.

Let's take soybeans as an example. We'll answer the questions: What exactly are Roundup-ready soybeans? How do Roundup-ready soybeans get made. Roundup Ready Soybeans are soybeans genetically engineered which have had their DNA altered to allow them to withstand the herbicide glyphosate that is the main ingredient in the herbicide, Roundup. Every soybean plant that is bred with the gene Roundup Ready has had it instilled into it before it's planted. This makes them immune to the chemical glyphosate. This allows farmers to spray their fields with Roundup Ready herbicides to kill weeds but not their crops.

Roundup Ready crops changed agriculture and agricultural science in the year 1996. Roundup resistance was instantly recognized by farmers and widespread adoption occurred. Today, more that 90 percent of U.S. soybeans and cotton use Roundup Ready crops. Apart from reducing and improving the effectiveness of weed control systems that increased yields for crops Roundup Ready crops cut down on tillage and reduced equipment costs and made harvesting easier because of "cleaner areas" with less plants. Conservation tillage has brought an environmental impact that is significant. Farmers have cut down on their energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions through the use of smaller plowing. This preserves soil structure and slows erosion. This is equivalent to removing 28.4 Billion tonnes of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere equivalent to 12.4 M cars off the road for a single year (Source . PG Economics.
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