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.velocity is the speed of light
.fast rays: gamma ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, microwave, radio :slow waves
.White light = all the visible lights
.Reflection = Bounces off a surface at a given angle
.Absorption = Absorbed by a surface heating it up
.Diffraction = Spread out
.Scatter = Bounces off in multiple direction
.Refraction = Changes direction as it enters a new medium
.Asteroids vary in size
.Ceres is the largest asteroid in our solar system
.Asteroids contain a crust, mantle, and metallic core
.Some asteroids can have moons
.Asteroids are based off their emission spectra
.Asteroids have 3 groups (C-type, M-type, S-type)
.Kirkwood Gaps = gaps in the distribution of asteroid orbital periods.
.Why study asteroids? - 1. They contain a chemical mixture when inner planets were forming. One hypothesis is that the building blocks of life were delivered to the Early Earth via Asteroids/comets
.A comet has two tails, an ion tail and a dust tail
.habitable = Distance from a star at which liquid water could exist on orbiting planet' surfaces. Habitable zones are also known as Goldilocks' zones, where condition be just right - neither too hot nor too cold - for life
.Mars has water but is frozen
.The closer to a star from a planet, the hotter it is
.The farther to a star from a planet, the colder it is
.Water == H2O
.Water differs from most liquids. It is less dense as it freezes. Ice on surface of lake or ocean insulates the water below and helps aquatic organisms survive winters
.In liquid/solid, water can form 4 hydrogen bonds with nearby molecules. Results in high specific heat, high surface tension and capillary forces. Used by vascular plants to move against gravity
.Water is critical for existence of life
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